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Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Despite the fact that DM patients are living longer, research on the prevalence of MSDs and other related illnesses is still lacking compared to that of other... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Despite the fact that DM patients are living longer, research on the prevalence of MSDs and other related illnesses is still lacking compared to that of other comorbidities. This study systematically reviewed and meta-analyzed cohort studies to determine the association between diabetes mellitus (DM) and musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs).
METHODS
A comprehensive search of international databases, including Medline (PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and Embase, was conducted up to June 2023 to identify relevant studies investigating the association between MSDs and DM.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis included ten cohort studies with a total of 308,445 participants. The pooled risk ratio (RR) estimate for the association between MSDs and DM was 1.03 (95% CI 1.00-1.06). Based on subgroup analysis, the association between longer duration (more than 7), European, below the age of 70, and female patients was higher than the others.
CONCLUSION
In conclusion, the results of this meta-analysis suggest that there may be an association between MSDs and diabetes in people with diabetes. These findings add to the existing knowledge on this topic and highlight the importance of recognition and management of MSDs in people with DM. There is a need for further research to investigate the underlying mechanisms and to develop targeted interventions for the prevention and management of MSDs in this population.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=381787, identifier CRD42022381787.
Topics: Humans; Female; Diabetes Mellitus; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Cohort Studies; Prevalence
PubMed: 38633759
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1320468 -
PloS One 2024In recent years, several studies have reported on the relationship between diabetes and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, due to their contradictory results, a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
In recent years, several studies have reported on the relationship between diabetes and carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). However, due to their contradictory results, a systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted to investigate this subject.
METHODS
This study is a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies published in ISI Web of Science, Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane, Google Scholar, and Embase databases. Heterogeneity in the studies included in the meta-analysis was evaluated using statistical tests such as the Chi-square test, I2, and forest plots. Publication bias was assessed using Begg's and Egger's tests.
RESULTS
This investigation analyzed data from 42 studies conducted between 1985 and 2022, with a total of 3,377,816 participants. The meta-analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio (OR) of CTS in participants with a history of diabetes compared to those without was 1.90 (95% CI: 1.64-2.21; P-value < 0.001). Given that publication bias was observed in this study (Begg's test P-value = 0.01), the modified OR was calculated with consideration of missed studies, which was 1.68 (95% CI: 1.45-1.94; P-value < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
The results of this study suggest that diabetic patients have 90% higher odds of developing CTS compared to non-diabetic individuals, which is statistically significant.
Topics: Humans; Carpal Tunnel Syndrome; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38626071
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0299442 -
Translational Vision Science &... Apr 2024The purpose of this study was to assess the current use and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms for analyzing cataract surgery videos.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to assess the current use and reliability of artificial intelligence (AI)-based algorithms for analyzing cataract surgery videos.
METHODS
A systematic review of the literature about intra-operative analysis of cataract surgery videos with machine learning techniques was performed. Cataract diagnosis and detection algorithms were excluded. Resulting algorithms were compared, descriptively analyzed, and metrics summarized or visually reported. The reproducibility and reliability of the methods and results were assessed using a modified version of the Medical Image Computing and Computer-Assisted (MICCAI) checklist.
RESULTS
Thirty-eight of the 550 screened studies were included, 20 addressed the challenge of instrument detection or tracking, 9 focused on phase discrimination, and 8 predicted skill and complications. Instrument detection achieves an area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (ROC AUC) between 0.976 and 0.998, instrument tracking an mAP between 0.685 and 0.929, phase recognition an ROC AUC between 0.773 and 0.990, and complications or surgical skill performs with an ROC AUC between 0.570 and 0.970.
CONCLUSIONS
The studies showed a wide variation in quality and pose a challenge regarding replication due to a small number of public datasets (none for manual small incision cataract surgery) and seldom published source code. There is no standard for reported outcome metrics and validation of the models on external datasets is rare making comparisons difficult. The data suggests that tracking of instruments and phase detection work well but surgical skill and complication recognition remains a challenge for deep learning.
TRANSLATIONAL RELEVANCE
This overview of cataract surgery analysis with AI models provides translational value for improving training of the clinician by identifying successes and challenges.
Topics: Humans; Artificial Intelligence; Reproducibility of Results; Algorithms; Software; Cataract
PubMed: 38618893
DOI: 10.1167/tvst.13.4.20 -
International Journal of Infectious... Jul 2024To identify the demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) patients with Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
To identify the demographic characteristics and potential risk factors of invasive fungal sinusitis (IFS) patients with Coronavirus Disease in 2019 (COVID-19).
METHODS
Web of Science, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and PubMed were searched from database inception to August 2023 using the combination of medical searching heading terms "invasive fungal sinusitis" and "COVID-19" and their free words. The research protocol was registered on PROSPERO (CRD42023467175).
RESULTS
A total of 53 studies were included. The mean age of IFS patients with COVID-19 was 53.72 (95% credible interval [CI]: 51.08, 56.36), with 66% males (95% CI: 0.62, 0.70), and 81% diabetes (95% CI: 0.77, 0.86). The mean time from COVID-19 diagnosis to IFS onset was 19.09 days (95% CI: 16.96, 21.22). The percentage of patients with COVID-19 PCR positivity was 33% (95% CI: 0.21, 0.45). Overall, 71% of patients receiving steroid therapy during COVID-19 infection (95% CI: 0.63, 0.78). The odds ratio of diabetes mellitus, steroid administration, and COVID-19 PCR positivity were 6.09, 2.21, and 1.82, respectively. COVID-19 infection did not affect the IFS stage.
CONCLUSION
IFS patients with COVID-19 had an average age of 53.72 years and were predominantly males, with a mean interval of 19.09 days from COVID-19 diagnosis to IFS onset. Diabetes, steroid administration, and COVID-19 PCR positivity were risk factors.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Risk Factors; Sinusitis; SARS-CoV-2; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Invasive Fungal Infections; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 38614232
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.107054 -
Nutrients Apr 2024Metabolic-dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease. This review assessed the efficacy of a Low-Calorie Diet... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effect of a Low-Calorie Dietary Intervention on Liver Health and Body Weight in Adults with Metabolic-Dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) and Overweight/Obesity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
INTRODUCTION
Metabolic-dysfunction Associated Steatotic Liver Disease (MASLD) is a common cause of chronic liver disease. This review assessed the efficacy of a Low-Calorie Diet (LCD) on liver health and body weight in people living with MASLD and obesity.
METHODS
The study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42021296501), and a literature search was conducted using multiple databases. The key inclusion criteria were randomised controlled trials or cohort studies, obesity/overweight and MASLD. Two authors screened abstracts, reviewed full texts and performed data extraction and quality assessment. The primary outcome was the change in the serum ALT, and secondary outcomes included the changes in the serum AST, intrahepatic lipid content (IHL), quantified non-invasively via MRI/MRS, and body weight.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies were included. The LCD reduced body weight by 9.1 kg versus the control (95%CI: -12.4, -5.8) but not serum ALT (-5.9 IU/L, -13.9, 2.0). Total Dietary Replacement (TDR) reduced IHL by -9.1% vs. the control (-15.6%, -2.6%). The Mediterranean-LCD for ≥12 months reduced ALT (-4.1 IU/L, -7.6, -0.5) and for 24 months reduced liver stiffness versus other LCDs. The Green-Mediterranean-LCD reduced IHL, independent of body weight. Limited studies assessed those of Black or Asian ethnicity, and there was heterogeneity in the methods assessing the liver fat content and fibrosis.
CONCLUSIONS
In people with MASLD and obesity, an LCD intervention reduces IHL and body weight. Trials should focus on the recruitment of Black and Asian ethnicity participants.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Overweight; Body Weight; Obesity; Fatty Liver; Metabolic Diseases
PubMed: 38613063
DOI: 10.3390/nu16071030 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2024Diabetes mellitus (DM), due to its long-term hyperglycemia, leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), especially in the vessel walls. Skin... (Review)
Review
Diabetes mellitus (DM), due to its long-term hyperglycemia, leads to the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs), especially in the vessel walls. Skin autofluorescence (SAF) is a non-invasive tool that measures AGEs. DM patients have a rich dietary source in AGEs, associated with high oxidative stress and long-term inflammation. AGEs represent a cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, and they are linked with CV events. Our objective was to assess whether SAF predicts future CV events (CVE) by examining its association with other CV risk factors in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM). Additionally, we assessed the strengths and limitations of SAF as a predictive tool for CVE. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses methodology, we conducted a systematic review with CRD42024507397 protocol, focused on AGEs, T2DM, SAF, and CV risk. We identified seven studies from 2014 to 2024 that predominantly used the AGE Reader Diagnostic Optic tool. The collective number of patients involved is 8934, with an average age of 63. So, SAF is a valuable, non-invasive marker for evaluating CV risk in T2DM patients. It stands out as a CV risk factor associated independently with CVE. SAF levels are influenced by prolonged hyperglycemia, lifestyle, aging, and other chronic diseases such as depression, and it can be used as a predictive tool for CVE.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Cardiovascular Diseases; Risk Factors; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Heart Disease Risk Factors; Hyperglycemia
PubMed: 38612699
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073889 -
BMC Women's Health Apr 2024People with polycystic ovary syndrome suffer from many symptoms and are at risk of developing diseases such as hypertension and diabetes in the future. Therefore, the...
BACKGROUND
People with polycystic ovary syndrome suffer from many symptoms and are at risk of developing diseases such as hypertension and diabetes in the future. Therefore, the importance of self-care doubles. It is mainly to modify the lifestyle, especially following the principles of healthy eating. The purpose of this study is to review artificial intelligence-based systems for providing management recommendations, especially food recommendations.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study started by searching three databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, from inception until 6 June 2023. The result was the retrieval of 15,064 articles. First, we removed duplicate studies. After the title and abstract screening, 119 articles remained. Finally, after reviewing the full text of the articles and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 20 studies were selected for the study. To assess the quality of articles, we used criteria proposed by Malhotra, Wen, and Kitchenham. Out of the total number of included studies, seventeen studies were high quality, while three studies were moderate quality.
RESULTS
Most studies were conducted in India in 2021. Out of all the studies, diagnostic recommendation systems were the most frequently researched, accounting for 86% of the total. Precision, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were more common than other performance metrics. The most significant challenge or limitation encountered in these studies was the small sample size.
CONCLUSION
Recommender systems based on artificial intelligence can help in fields such as prediction, diagnosis, and management of polycystic ovary syndrome. Therefore, since there are no nutritional recommendation systems for these patients in Iran, this study can serve as a starting point for such research.
Topics: Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Artificial Intelligence; Diet, Healthy; Hypertension; India
PubMed: 38610020
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03074-3 -
Annals of Cardiac Anaesthesia Apr 2024Postoperative visual loss (POVL) is an infrequent yet consequential complication that can follow cardiac surgical interventions. This systematic review aims to provide a...
Postoperative visual loss (POVL) is an infrequent yet consequential complication that can follow cardiac surgical interventions. This systematic review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the incidence of POVL after cardiac surgery and to delineate the associated risk factors. A comprehensive search was conducted in major medical databases for relevant studies published up to September 2022. Eligible studies reporting on the incidence of POVL and identifying risk factors in patients undergoing cardiac surgery were included. Data extraction was performed independently by two reviewers. The pooled incidence rates and the identified risk factors were synthesized qualitatively. POVL after cardiac surgery has an overall incidence of 0.015%, that is, 15 cases per 100,000 cardiac surgical procedures. Risk factors for POVL include patient characteristics (advanced age, diabetes, hypertension, and preexisting ocular conditions), procedural factors (prolonged surgery duration, cardiopulmonary bypass time, and aortic cross-clamping), anesthetic considerations (hypotension, blood pressure fluctuations, and specific techniques), and postoperative complications (stroke, hypotension, and systemic hypoperfusion). Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is an uncommon complication, associated with factors like prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass, low hematocrit levels, excessive body weight gain, specific medications, hypothermia, anemia, raised intraocular pressure, and micro-embolization. Diabetic patients with severe postoperative anemia are at increased risk for anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (AION). Posterior ischemic optic neuropathy (PION) can occur with factors like hypertension, postoperative edema, prolonged mechanical ventilation, micro-embolization, inflammation, hemodilution, and hypothermia.While the overall incidence of POVL postcardiac surgery remains modest, its potential impact is substantial, necessitating meticulous consideration of modifiable risk factors. Notably, prolonged surgical duration, intraoperative hypotension, anemia, and reduced hematocrit levels remain salient contributors. Vigilance is indispensable to promptly detect this infrequent yet visually debilitating phenomenon in the context of postcardiac surgical care.
Topics: Humans; Incidence; Hypothermia; Risk Factors; Hypertension; Hypotension; Anemia
PubMed: 38607873
DOI: 10.4103/aca.aca_85_23 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2024Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) stands as a crucial complication of diabetes, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. This study aims to elucidate the...
Diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) stands as a crucial complication of diabetes, significantly affecting patients' quality of life. This study aims to elucidate the evidence distribution from clinical randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on DPN treatment with traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) through evidence mapping. A comprehensive search was conducted from January 2017 to October 2022 in databases such as Wanfang (China Online Journals), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), VIP (China Science and Technology Journal Database), SinoMed (Chinese Biomedical Literature Database), PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library. Literature related to the treatment of DPN with TCM was selected. From the 1,229 RCTs identified over the past 6 years, relevant data were extracted. The evidence mapping approach was utilized, and trends in publications, study scales, intervention types, and evaluation indicators were analyzed using descriptive text combined with tables and bubble charts. Research on the treatment of DPN with TCM is extensive. The publication trend remains relatively stable with predominantly smaller sample sizes. The main treatments encompass oral Chinese medicine and traditional external treatments. The most common evaluation indicators are neurophysiological, efficiency rate, symptom signs, neuropathy scores, and traditional Chinese symptoms, with less focus on psychological status and the ankle-brachial index (ABI). Shedding light on contemporary research, this study explores the current RCTs evaluating TCM's efficacy in treating DPN. The findings not only highlight the potential role of TCM in addressing diabetic complications but also underscore areas that could benefit from refined research approaches, expanded intervention methods, and broader assessment criteria. Our observations aim to inform and inspire future research directions and clinical practices concerning TCM's role in managing diabetes-associated complications.
PubMed: 38606175
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1325607 -
Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism May 2024Previous meta-analyses have shown mixed results regarding the association between eating disorders (EDs) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Our paper aimed to analyse... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Previous meta-analyses have shown mixed results regarding the association between eating disorders (EDs) and type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Our paper aimed to analyse different EDs and disordered eating behaviours that may be practiced by patients with T1DM.
METHODS
A literature search of PubMed, Scopus and Web of Science was conducted on 17 January 2023, using the key terms "T1DM," "Eating Disorders" and "Bulimia." Only observational controlled studies were included. The Revman software (version 5.4) was used for the analysis.
RESULTS
T1DM was associated with increased risk of ED compared with nondiabetic individuals (RR = 2.47, 95% CI = 1.84-3.32, p-value < 0.00001), especially bulimia nervosa (RR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.18-6.65, p-value = 0.02) and binge eating (RR = 1.53, 95% CI = 1.18-1.98, p-value = 0.001). Our analysis has shown that increased risk of ED among T1DM persisted regardless of the questionnaire used to diagnose ED; DM-validated questionnaires (RR = 2.80, 95% CI = 1.91-4.12, p-value < 0.00001) and generic questionnaires (RR = 2.03, 95% CI = 1.27-3.23, p-value = 0.003). Prevalence of insulin omission/misuse was 10.3%; diabetic females demonstrated a significantly higher risk of insulin omission and insulin misuse than diabetic males.
CONCLUSION
Our study establishes a significant and clear connection between EDs and T1DM, particularly bulimia and binge eating, with T1DM. Moreover, female diabetics are at higher risk of insulin misuse/omission. Early proactive screening is essential and tailored; comprehensive interventions combining diabetes and ED components are recommended for this population, with referral to a specialised psychiatrist.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; Bulimia; Feeding and Eating Disorders; Insulin; Insulin, Regular, Human
PubMed: 38597269
DOI: 10.1002/edm2.473