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Frontiers in Psychiatry 2024Clinical research and epidemiological studies have shown that many women experience physical and behavioral symptoms that begin during the luteal phase of the menstrual...
BACKGROUND
Clinical research and epidemiological studies have shown that many women experience physical and behavioral symptoms that begin during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle and terminate around the onset of menses; this is called premenstrual syndrome. The reviews stated that the pooled prevalence of premenstrual syndrome was around 50 percent. However, there has been no review done on premenstrual syndrome in Africa. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to summarize the most recent data evidence on the pooled prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and its pooled effect of associated factors in Africa.
METHOD
We used an appropriate guideline for systematic reviews and meta-analyses reports, which is the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). This review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42023414021). The publications were identified from PubMed/Medline, EMBASE, Scopus databases, and other grey searches. The included papers were the original data that reported the prevalence of premenstrual syndrome and associated factors published, in English, and papers available online from January 1, 2000, to May 30, 2023. The data was extracted in Microsoft Excel, and then it would be imported into STATA 11.0 for analysis.
RESULTS
We have included 16 studies conducted in African countries with 6530 study participants. In this meta-analysis, the pooled prevalence of premenstrual syndrome among the reproductive-age participants in Africa was 46.98 (95% CI: 28.9-65.06%). Further, in subgroup analysis, the pooled prevalence of premenstrual syndrome was 57.32% in Nigeria, 43.8% in Ethiopia, and 38.6% among university students and 66.04% among secondary school students. Among associated factors, the early age of menarche was significantly related to premenstrual syndrome.
CONCLUSION
In this review, the pooled prevalence of premenstrual syndrome in Africa was high. Among factors, the early age of menarche was a risk factor for premenstrual syndrome. This finding might help the stakeholders (mental health policy makers, administrators, and mental health professionals) to address prevention, early screening, and management of PMS among reproductive-age women, and to give attention to more vulnerable bodies.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42023414021.
PubMed: 38356911
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1338304 -
Reproductive Biology and Endocrinology... Feb 2024Biomarker identification could help in deciphering endometriosis pathophysiology in addition to their use in the development of non invasive diagnostic and prognostic... (Review)
Review
Biomarker identification could help in deciphering endometriosis pathophysiology in addition to their use in the development of non invasive diagnostic and prognostic approaches, that are essential to greatly improve patient care. Despite extensive efforts, no single potential biomarker or combination has been clinically validated for endometriosis.Many studies have investigated endometriosis-associated biological markers in specific tissues, but an integrative approach across tissues is lacking. The aim of this review is to propose a comprehensive overview of identified biomarkers based on tissue or biological compartment, while taking into account endometriosis phenotypes (superficial, ovarian or deep, or rASRM stages), menstrual cycle phases, treatments and symptoms.We searched PubMed and Embase databases for articles matching the following criteria: 'endometriosis' present in the title and the associated term 'biomarkers' found as Medical Subject Headings (MeSH) terms or in all fields. We restricted to publications in English and on human populations. Relevant articles published between 01 January 2005 (when endometriosis phenotypes start to be described in papers) and 01 September 2022 were critically analysed and discussed.Four hundred forty seven articles on endometriosis biomarkers that included a control group without endometriosis and provided specific information on endometriosis phenotypes are included in this review. Presence of information or adjustment controlling for menstrual cycle phase, symptoms and treatments is highlighted, and the results are further summarized by biological compartment. The 9 biological compartments studied for endometriosis biomarker research are in order of frequency: peripheral blood, eutopic endometrium, peritoneal fluid, ovaries, urine, menstrual blood, saliva, feces and cervical mucus. Adjustments of results on disease phenotypes, cycle phases, treatments and symptoms are present in 70%, 29%, 3% and 6% of selected articles, respectively. A total of 1107 biomarkers were identified in these biological compartments. Of these, 74 were found in several biological compartments by at least two independent research teams and only 4 (TNF-a, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and miR-451) are detected in at least 3 tissues with cohorts of 30 women or more.Integrative analysis is a crucial step to highlight potential pitfalls behind the lack of success in the search for clinically relevant endometriosis biomarkers, and to illuminate the physiopathology of this disease.
Topics: Humans; Female; Endometriosis; Biomarkers; Endometrium; Prognosis
PubMed: 38341605
DOI: 10.1186/s12958-023-01181-8 -
Sports (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2024Maximal strength is a significant factor in achieving peak performance and injury prevention in athletes. In individualization strategies for the efficient development... (Review)
Review
Maximal strength is a significant factor in achieving peak performance and injury prevention in athletes. In individualization strategies for the efficient development of athletes, it is necessary to consider the respective components separately. The purpose of this study was to systematically examine the effects of the different cycle phases on isometric, isokinetic, and dynamic maximum strength. A systematic literature review was conducted; databases were searched from January 1960 to September 2023. The included studies focused on the expression of maximal strength in the earlier follicular phase as well as at least one comparative phase. Of the initial 707 articles identified, 22 met the selection criteria and were included. The studies considered a total of 433 subjects. Our results revealed medium effects (weighted mean standardized mean difference () = 0.60; seven studies) for isometric maximal strength in favor of the late follicular phase, small effects (weighted mean = 0.39; five studies) for isokinetic maximal strength in favor of the ovulation phase, and small effects (weighted mean = 0.14; three studies) for dynamic maximal strength in favor of the late follicular phase. The results indicate that the early follicular phase is unfavorable for all strength classes. Peak performance in isometric strength is seen in the late follicular phase, whereas isokinetic strength peaks during ovulation. Dynamic strength is optimal in the late follicular phase.
PubMed: 38251305
DOI: 10.3390/sports12010031 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Mar 2024Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is characterised by symptoms confined to the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. Confirmed diagnosis requires prospective... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder is characterised by symptoms confined to the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle. Confirmed diagnosis requires prospective monitoring of symptoms over two cycles, otherwise the diagnosis is provisional. We aimed to measure the point prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder.
METHODS
We searched for studies of prevalence using MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO and PubMed. For each study, the total sample size and number of cases were extracted. The prevalence across studies was calculated using random effects meta-analysis with a generalised linear mixed model. Potential sources of heterogeneity were explored by meta-regression and subgroup analyses. Pre-registration was with PROSPERO (CRD42021249249).
RESULTS
44 studies with 48 independent samples met inclusion criteria, consisting of 50,659 participants. The pooled prevalence was 3.2 % (95 % confidence intervals: 1.7 %-5.9 %) for confirmed and 7.7 % (95 % confidence intervals: 5.3 %-11.0 %) for provisional diagnosis. There was high heterogeneity across all studies (I = 99 %). Sources of heterogeneity identified by meta-regression were continent of sample (p < 0.0001), type of sample (community-based, university, high school) (p = 0.007), risk of bias (p = 0.009), and method of diagnosis (p = 0.017). Restricting the analysis to community-based samples using confirmed diagnosis resulted in a prevalence of 1.6 % (95 % confidence intervals: 1.0 %-2.5 %), with low heterogeneity (I = 26 %).
LIMITATIONS
A small number of included studies used full DSM criteria in community settings.
CONCLUSIONS
The point prevalence of premenstrual dysphoric disorder using confirmed diagnosis is lower compared with provisional diagnosis. Studies relying on provisional diagnosis are likely to produce artificially high prevalence rates.
Topics: Humans; Female; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome; Prevalence; Prospective Studies; Menstrual Cycle
PubMed: 38199397
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.01.066 -
Cureus Nov 2023The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Saudi Arabia is variable. Nulliparous, multiparous >3, and multi-gravidity are associated risk factors with a higher... (Review)
Review
The prevalence of anemia during pregnancy in Saudi Arabia is variable. Nulliparous, multiparous >3, and multi-gravidity are associated risk factors with a higher incidence of anemia during pregnancy. Other risk factors comprised working, women in university, past history of anemia, obesity, women younger than 25 years, low income, longer menstrual cycle >5 days, bleeding during pregnancy, reduced birth spacing, a low level of education, and decreased intake of iron-rich foods.
PubMed: 38143709
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.49287 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Nov 2023Menstruation is a natural occurrence marked by the periodic release of endometrial cells within the uterine lining from the female genital area. Menstruation knowledge... (Review)
Review
Menstruation is a natural occurrence marked by the periodic release of endometrial cells within the uterine lining from the female genital area. Menstruation knowledge remains highly essential for young adolescents. Inadequate awareness and understanding of menstruation have far-reaching consequences on the overall wellbeing and health outcomes of young adults worldwide. Adolescent girls make up a large percentage of high school students in Nigeria. Girls in countries with low to middle incomes are frequently misled or uneducated regarding menstruation. Menstrual health literacy (MHL) is the level of knowledge concerning matters related to menstrual health. It is observed that a lack of menstrual health literacy is seen among young adults. This systematic review aimed to examine menstruation literacy, attitudes, and adolescent girls' practices in Nigeria. This systematic review included quantitative, cross-sectional, quasi-experimental, and qualitative primary research studies relating to menstruation literacy, attitudes, and practices of adolescents in Nigeria. Articles for this study were searched for on databases such as PubMed and BioMed Central using keywords. These studies were subjected to stringent inclusion and exclusion criteria where the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were used, and 13 articles were included after critical appraisal. Data extracted were analysed using narrative synthesis. Findings indicated that knowledge regarding menstruation among adolescents (82.6%) was poor. Menstruation information was obtained from mothers, which was positive as some adolescents reported their closeness to their mothers. Regarding attitudes towards menstruation among adolescents, it was reported that more respondents (70.3%) had negative attitudes towards menstruation. Most of the respondents in Nigeria were not adequately prepared for the onset of their first menstrual period. Knowledge and attitude levels were low regarding periods for adolescents. The only exception was their positive attitude towards using water and soap to wash their hands during menstruation. The review shows a significant gap between adolescents' menstruation knowledge and actual hygienic methods during menstruation. It is therefore required for educational awareness programmes and campaigns to be put in place to educate adolescents about menstruation.
Topics: Young Adult; Adolescent; Female; Humans; Menstruation; Nigeria; Cross-Sectional Studies; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Mothers
PubMed: 38138175
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59122073 -
Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent... Apr 2024The aim of this review was to create an overview of available instruments used to evaluate the menstrual complaints of dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in... (Review)
Review
STUDY OBJECTIVE
The aim of this review was to create an overview of available instruments used to evaluate the menstrual complaints of dysmenorrhea and heavy menstrual bleeding (HMB) in adolescents.
METHODS
The search was conducted in PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycINFO on December 1, 2022. Studies published in English reporting on menstrual complaints among girls aged 10-19 were included. The quality and bias risk was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2.
RESULTS
Of 8994 identified studies, 57 were included. In these studies, 19 instruments were described, of which 8 were validated in adolescents. One was difficult to use in daily practice, 1 had low sensitivity and specificity in the detection of HMB, 2 were validated by face validity, and 2 were not specifically developed to evaluate (the impact of) menstrual complaints. Therefore, only 2 were validated and feasible to measure adolescent menstrual complaints: the Period ImPact and Pain Assessment (PIPPA) and the Adolescent Menstrual Bleeding Questionnaire (aMBQ). Remarkably, the Pictorial Blood Loss Assessment Chart (PBAC) was the most frequently used instrument in adolescents. There was one modified version of the PBAC for adolescents, which had a lower cutoff value for HMB and low sensitivity and specificity.
CONCLUSION
We found that the PIPPA and aMBQ are suitable for assessing menstrual complaints and their impact on daily activities and health-related quality of life in adolescents. The PBAC, which is used frequently in adults, needs to be further assessed specifically for adolescents. In particular, the clinical relevance of the PBAC cutoff value for HMB should be determined for this age group. Considering the different interpretations, experiences, and limited knowledge of menstrual complaints, instruments suitable for adults may not be suitable for adolescents.
Topics: Adult; Female; Adolescent; Humans; Quality of Life; Menorrhagia; Sensitivity and Specificity; Menstruation; Dysmenorrhea
PubMed: 38104798
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpag.2023.11.011 -
European Review For Medical and... Dec 2023During the mass vaccination campaign for COVID-19, cases of menstrual cycle changes in women emerged, so it was thought that the COVID-19 vaccine could affect the...
OBJECTIVE
During the mass vaccination campaign for COVID-19, cases of menstrual cycle changes in women emerged, so it was thought that the COVID-19 vaccine could affect the menstrual cycle. Over time, these observations have become more frequent, which strengthens the idea. This systematic review aims to show changes in the menstrual cycle after COVID-19 vaccination.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This study was carried out following the guidelines of the Cochrane Collaboration and the Meta-analysis of Observational Studies in Epidemiology and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyzes.
RESULTS
A suitable bibliography on PubMed/Medline and Scopus was searched by combining text, words, and titles of medical topics. After completing the search, a total of 42 articles were included in this systematic review.
CONCLUSIONS
The COVID-19 vaccines may have an impact on the quality of life of women. The changes in the menstrual cycle tend to resolve within 2-3 months of vaccination and the symptoms are mild to moderate and tend to self-limit over time.
Topics: Female; Humans; COVID-19; COVID-19 Vaccines; Immunization Programs; Menstrual Cycle; Observational Studies as Topic; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38095413
DOI: 10.26355/eurrev_202312_34604 -
Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine Dec 2023In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) have allowed millions of infertile couples to achieve pregnancy. As an... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Live birth rate of gonadotropin-releasing hormone antagonist versus luteal phase gonadotropin-releasing hormone agonist protocol in IVF/ICSI: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
In vitro fertilization (IVF) and embryo transfer and intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) have allowed millions of infertile couples to achieve pregnancy. As an essential part of IVF/ICSI enabling the retrieval of a high number of oocytes in one cycle, controlled ovarian stimulation (COS) treatment mainly composes of the standard long gonadotrophin-releasing hormone agonist (GnRH-a) protocol and the gonadotrophin-releasing hormone antagonist (GnRH-ant) protocol. However, the effectiveness of GnRH-ant protocol is still debated because of inconsistent conclusions and insufficient subgroup analyses. This systematic review and meta-analysis included a total of 52 studies, encompassing 5193 participants in the GnRH-ant group and 4757 in the GnRH-a group. The findings of this study revealed that the GnRH-ant protocol is comparable with the long GnRH-a protocol when considering live birth as the primary outcome, and it is a favourable protocol with evidence reducing the incidence of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome in women undergoing IVF/ICSI, especially in women with polycystic ovary syndrome. Further research is needed to compare the subsequent cumulative live birth rate between the two protocols among the general and poor ovarian response patients since those patients have a lower clinical pregnancy rate, fewer oocytes retrieved or fewer high-grade embryos in the GnRH-ant protocol.
Topics: Female; Humans; Male; Pregnancy; Birth Rate; Fertilization in Vitro; Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; Hormone Antagonists; Luteal Phase; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Ovulation Induction; Semen; Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic; Systematic Reviews as Topic
PubMed: 38095077
DOI: 10.1017/erm.2023.25 -
Heliyon Dec 2023Complementary and alternative medicine, including Persian medicine (PM), offers a variety of disease prevention and treatment methods, including the application of...
Complementary and alternative medicine, including Persian medicine (PM), offers a variety of disease prevention and treatment methods, including the application of medicinal plants. The health of the reproductive system is an important issue for women, and understanding the potential effect of garlic () for preventive and therapeutic purposes in this field is of interest. This systematic review focused on the effects of garlic on the female reproductive system. The method involved a comprehensive search of relevant literature on experimental animal studies using electronic databases from January 2010 to September 2023, followed by selection of eligible studies and data extraction. A total of 18 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. This review reported that garlic may have positive effects on women's reproductive health, such as improving hormonal balance, relieving PMS symptoms, and potentially supporting fertility outcomes. This review revealed that garlic compounds such as and can modulate various aspects of the female reproductive system, including regulation of the menstrual cycle, hormonal balance, fertility, and reproductive disorders. This review determined that further research is needed to elucidate the molecular pathways and direct effects of garlic on the female reproductive system. Although garlic has many potential health benefits, it should not be used as a substitute for medications.
PubMed: 38076037
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22555