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Medicine Mar 2024Tic disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, characterized primarily by motor or vocal tics. However, there is no systematic evaluation of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Tic disorder is a common neurodevelopmental disorder in childhood, characterized primarily by motor or vocal tics. However, there is no systematic evaluation of pediatric massage therapy for children with Tic disorder. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness and safety of massage therapy for children with tic disorder through a comprehensive meta-analysis and systematic review.
METHODS
We systematically searched relevant randomized controlled trials from various databases such as CBM, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang database, PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and SINOMED, published up to October 2023. To collect randomized controlled trials on pediatric massage therapy or in combination with other therapies for the treatment of tic disorders in children. The risk of bias in the included articles was assessed using the Cochrane guideline. Meta-analyses were performed using Review Manager 5.4, and publication bias was evaluated by using Begg test and Egger test in Stata SE software.
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 19 randomized controlled trials with 1423 patients. Pediatric massage therapy alone or in combination with conventional medication demonstrated a significant increase in clinical effectiveness rates [risk ratios = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] (1.10, 1.20), Z = 6.54, P < .001], and reduced Yale Global Tie Severity Scale scores [standardized mean difference = -0.85, 95% CI (-1.50, -0.19), Z = 2.54, P = .01] and traditional Chinese medicine syndrome scores [standardized mean difference = -1.35, 95%CI (-2.08, -0.63), Z = 3.66, P = .0002]. In terms of adverse reactions, there was no statistical difference between the experimental and control groups [risk ratios = 0.26, 95% CI (0.14, 0.49), Z = 4.25, P < .001]. The Begg test and Egger test results indicated no publication bias.
CONCLUSION
Evidence suggests that pediatric massage therapy is effective in improving tic disorders in children.
Topics: Humans; Child; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Tic Disorders; Massage; Medicine, Chinese Traditional; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38518056
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037568 -
Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 2023This systematic review examined the existing literature to determine the evidence supporting the efficacy of online group treatments for anxiety-, obsessive-compulsive-...
BACKGROUND
This systematic review examined the existing literature to determine the evidence supporting the efficacy of online group treatments for anxiety-, obsessive-compulsive- and trauma-related disorders (AOTDs).
METHODS
A systematic review using the PUBMED, PsycInfo, Web of Science, and ClinicalTrials databases with no language, date, or study design filters was performed. The inclusion criteria comprised studies that examined individuals who had received a formal diagnosis of AOTDs, were aged 18 years or older, and had baseline and endpoint assessments of symptom severity using formal tools.
RESULTS
Five studies on social anxiety disorder (SAD), four on post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and one on tic disorders (TDs) were found. The studies were open-label ( = 2) and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) ( = 8), with five of the RCTs being non-inferiority trials. Most studies were conducted in the US and investigated psychological CBT based interventions via internet-based therapies (IBT: = 4), video teleconferencing (VTC: = 5) or a combination of both ( = 1). In SAD, IBT studies associated with a clinician assisted web-based forum (here termed "forum-enhanced" studies) were superior to waiting lists and not inferior to similar versions that were also "forum enhanced" but self-guided, "telephone enhanced" by a contact with a non-specialist, and "email enhanced" by a contact with a clinician individually. Studies involving VTC have shown comparable effectiveness to in-person interventions across some online group CBT based treatments for PTSD. Two open trials also demonstrated symptoms reductions of social anxiety and tics through VTC.
CONCLUSION
There is evidence supporting the effectiveness of online group treatments for SAD and PTSD. Further studies from different research groups may be needed to replicate the use of these and other forms of online treatments in individuals with SAD, PTSD, and other clinical populations, such as OCD, panic disorder, agoraphobia and specific phobias.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023408491.
PubMed: 38273884
DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2023.1286865 -
Life (Basel, Switzerland) Dec 2023This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and the risk of developing Parkinsonism. A systematic literature review was... (Review)
Review
This meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and the risk of developing Parkinsonism. A systematic literature review was conducted using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases. Studies were eligible if they reported on the association between MTBI and Parkinsonism. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) were calculated using a random-effects model. Publication bias was assessed using Egger's and Begg's tests. A total of 18 studies were included in this meta-analysis, with 1,484,752 participants. The overall OR for Parkinsonism in individuals with a history of mTBI was 1.637 (95% CI, 1.203-2.230; = 0.01), indicating a significant association. The OR for Parkinson's disease (PD) specifically was 1.717 (95% CI, 1.206-2.447; = 0.01). However, insufficient data on tics and akathisia limited a meta-analysis. There was no evidence of publication bias according to Egger's ( = 0.8107) and Begg's ( = 0.4717) tests. This meta-analysis provides evidence that mTBI is a significant risk factor for Parkinsonism, particularly PD. However, the findings should be interpreted with caution due to the heterogeneity among the studies included and the study's limitations. Further research is needed to confirm these findings and to investigate the underlying mechanisms of the mTBI-Parkinsonism association.
PubMed: 38255648
DOI: 10.3390/life14010032 -
Journal of Integrative Neuroscience Nov 2023Premonitory urge (PU) is an aversive bodily sensation that signals the onset of tic disorder.To our knowledge, PU typically precedes the appearance of tic symptoms, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Premonitory urge (PU) is an aversive bodily sensation that signals the onset of tic disorder.To our knowledge, PU typically precedes the appearance of tic symptoms, and both age and tic severity are correlated with PU. However, inconsistent findings have also been reported. Hence, we conducted a meta-analysis to examine the relationship among premonitory symptoms, patient age and the severity of tic symptoms, as well as to summarize the research on the neural underpinnings of PU in Tourette syndrome (TS).
METHODS
We conducted a literature search of relevant studies published between December 2005 and April 2022 using databases such as PubMed, Elsevier, PsycINFO, and Web of Science. Our analysis was carried out using R software with the assistance of the "meta" and "metafor" packages.
RESULTS
Our meta-analysis included 22 studies with a total of 1236 tic disorder patients. The mean Premonitory Urge for Tics Scale (PUTS) score was 20.17, with a 95% confidence interval of [18.14, 21.68]. Through meta-regression, we found that age and tic severity play important moderating roles in PU severity ( < 0.0001). Neuroimaging studies suggest that PU is related to the insula, prefrontal cortex (PFC), anterior cingulate cortex (ACC), and supplementary motor area (SMA), regardless of the structural or functional level.
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis confirmed the positive relationship between the severity of tics and PU and identified age as a significant factor influencing PU. The neural mechanisms underlying PU remain largely unknown, but evidence suggests that the insula, PFC, ACC, and SMA are related regions.
Topics: Humans; Gyrus Cinguli; Neuroimaging; Tic Disorders; Tics; Tourette Syndrome
PubMed: 38176915
DOI: 10.31083/j.jin2206159 -
Italian Journal of Pediatrics Dec 2023Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which the patient has a history of multiple motor and vocal tics. Depression and anxiety are common in these patients. The... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Tourette Syndrome (TS) is a disorder in which the patient has a history of multiple motor and vocal tics. Depression and anxiety are common in these patients. The results of the studies show different prevalence of these disorders in patients with TS. So, the objective of the present study was to liken the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS by systematic review and meta-analysis. The present study was conducted according to PRISMA guidelines during 1997-2022. The articles were obtained from Scopus, Embase, PubMed, Web of Science (WoS) and Google Scholar databases. I was used to investigate heterogeneity between studies. Data were analyzed by comprehensive meta-analysis software (Version 2). Finally, 12 articles with a sample size of n = 3812 were included in the study. As a result of combining the results of the studies, the total estimate of the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS was 36.4% (95% confidence interval: 21.1-54.9%) and 53.5% (95% confidence interval: 39.9-66.6%), respectively. The results of meta-regression showed that by increasing mean age (9-31.5 years), the prevalence of depression and anxiety in patients with TS increased significantly (P<0.001). The results of the present study showed that the prevalence of depression and anxiety was high in patients with TS. Therefore, it is suggested that health officials and policy makers design measures to prevent and control these disorders.
Topics: Humans; Child; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Tourette Syndrome; Depression; Prevalence; Anxiety; Anxiety Disorders
PubMed: 38041151
DOI: 10.1186/s13052-023-01562-0 -
Neurological Sciences : Official... Feb 2024Tics and stereotypies are childhood-onset repetitive behaviours that can pose significant diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. Both tics and stereotypies are... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Tics and stereotypies are childhood-onset repetitive behaviours that can pose significant diagnostic challenges in clinical practice. Both tics and stereotypies are characterised by a complex co-morbidity profile, however little is known about the co-occurrence of these hyperkinetic disorders in the same patient population.
OBJECTIVE
This review aimed to assess the relationship between tics and stereotypies when these conditions present in co-morbidity.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic literature review of original studies on co-morbid tics and stereotypies, according to the standards outlined in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
RESULTS
Our literature search identified six studies of suitable sample size (n ≥ 40) presenting data on the association between tics and stereotypies in otherwise typically developing patients. A considerable proportion (23%) of patients diagnosed with stereotypic movement disorder present with co-morbid tics (range 18-43%). Likewise, the prevalence of primary stereotypies is increased in patients with tic disorders such as Tourette syndrome (8%, range 6-12%).
DISCUSSION
Tics and stereotypies can often develop in co-morbidity. The association of tics and stereotypies in the same patient has practical implications, in consideration of the different treatment approaches. Future research should focus on the assessment and management of both conditions, particularly in special populations (e.g. patients with pervasive developmental disorders).
Topics: Child; Humans; Comorbidity; Stereotypic Movement Disorder; Tic Disorders; Tics; Tourette Syndrome
PubMed: 37775616
DOI: 10.1007/s10072-023-07095-y -
Frontiers in Neurology 2023The traditional approach to studying the neurobiological mechanisms of brain disorders and localizing brain function involves identifying brain abnormalities and...
BACKGROUND
The traditional approach to studying the neurobiological mechanisms of brain disorders and localizing brain function involves identifying brain abnormalities and comparing them to matched controls. This method has been instrumental in clinical neurology, providing insight into the functional roles of different brain regions. However, it becomes challenging when lesions in diverse regions produce similar symptoms. To address this, researchers have begun mapping brain lesions to functional or structural networks, a process known as lesion network mapping (LNM). This approach seeks to identify common brain circuits associated with lesions in various areas. In this review, we focus on recent studies that have utilized LNM to map neurological and psychiatric symptoms, shedding light on how this method enhances our understanding of brain network functions.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic search of four databases: PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science, using the term "Lesion network mapping." Our focus was on observational studies that applied lesion network mapping in the context of neurological and psychiatric disorders.
RESULTS
Following our screening process, we included 52 studies, comprising a total of 6,814 subjects, in our systematic review. These studies, which utilized functional connectivity, revealed several regions and network overlaps across various movement and psychiatric disorders. For instance, the cerebellum was found to be part of a common network for conditions such as essential tremor relief, parkinsonism, Holmes tremor, freezing of gait, cervical dystonia, infantile spasms, and tics. Additionally, the thalamus was identified as part of a common network for essential tremor relief, Holmes tremor, and executive function deficits. The dorsal attention network was significantly associated with fall risk in elderly individuals and parkinsonism.
CONCLUSION
LNM has proven to be a powerful tool in localizing a broad range of neuropsychiatric, behavioral, and movement disorders. It holds promise in identifying new treatment targets through symptom mapping. Nonetheless, the validity of these approaches should be confirmed by more comprehensive prospective studies.
PubMed: 37456650
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1100067 -
Frontiers in Pediatrics 2023Tic disorders (TD) are a common neurodevelopmental disorder, it can be divided into transient tic disorder (TTD), chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD), and Tourette... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
Tic disorders (TD) are a common neurodevelopmental disorder, it can be divided into transient tic disorder (TTD), chronic motor or vocal tic disorder (CTD), and Tourette syndrome (TS). Our research is to evaluate the clinical relationship between tic disorders and vitamin D level in children.
METHODS
Online databases, including CNKI, Wanfang, VIP, Cochrane Library, PubMed and Embase digital knowledge service platform, were checked up to June 2022 for relevant observational studies published in Chinese and English. A random-effects model was incorporated to summarize the study results. The RevMan5.3 software was used for meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Out of 132 retrieved articles, 13 observational studies were eligible for inclusion in the systematic review and meta-analysis, comparing serum Vitamin D levels between children with TD and HC (healthy controls), including different subtypes of TD (TTD, CTD and TS). The results showed that the serum vitamin D levels in the TD group were lower than those in the HC group (MD = -6.64, 95% CI: -9.36 to -3.93, < 0.001, Heterogeneity test: < 0.001, = 94%). There were no statistically significant differences in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the CTD group (MD = 3.84, 95% CI: -0.59 to 8.26, = 0.09, Heterogeneity test: < 0.001, = 90%), or between the CTD group and the TS group (MD = 1.06, 95% CI: -0.04 to 2.16, = 0.0, Heterogeneity test: = 0.54, = 0%). However, there was a statistically significant difference in serum vitamin D levels between the TTD group and the TS group (MD = 5.24, 95% CI: 0.68-9.80, = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: < 0.001, = 92%). The study also found a statistically significant difference in the ratio of male children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 1.48, 95% CI: 1.07-2.03, = 0.02, Heterogeneity test: < 0.001, = 74%), but no statistically significant difference in the age of children between the TD group and the HC group (OR = 0.46, 95% CI: -0.33 to 1.24, = 0.25, Heterogeneity test: < 0.001, = 96%).
CONCLUSIONS
Our meta-analysis showed that the vitamin D level of children with TD was lower than that of healthy children. However, there was no difference between the subgroup. Due to the limitations of included studies in research design and diagnostic criteria, large samples, multi-center and high-quality studies are still needed for further analysis and confirmation.
PubMed: 37325365
DOI: 10.3389/fped.2023.1173741 -
Frontiers in Neuroscience 2023Tic disorders (TD) are a kind of neuropsychiatric disease that frequently occur among preschool and school-age children, mainly characterized by motor tics or sometimes...
BACKGROUND
Tic disorders (TD) are a kind of neuropsychiatric disease that frequently occur among preschool and school-age children, mainly characterized by motor tics or sometimes accompanied by vocal tics, and its pathogenesis is still unclear. The clinical manifestations are mainly characterized by chronic multiple movements, rapid muscle twitching, involuntary occurrence, and language disorder. Acupuncture, tuina, traditional Chinese medicine, and other methods are commonly used in clinical treatments, which have unique therapeutic advantages but have not been recognized and accepted by the international community. This study conducted a quality evaluation and meta-analysis of the currently published randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for TD in children in order to provide reliable evidence-based medical evidence for acupuncture for TD.
METHODS
All the randomized controlled trials (RCTs) using the intervention methods acupuncture + traditional Chinese medical herbs, acupuncture + tuina, and acupuncture, and the control group using Western medicine were included in the analysis. The main outcomes were obtained by using the Yale Global Tic Severity Scale (YGTSS), the Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome score scale, and clinical treatment efficiency. Secondary outcomes included adverse events. The risk of bias in the included studies was assessed according to the tool recommended by Cochrane 5.3. The risk of bias assessment chart, risk of bias summary chart, and evidence chart in this study will be produced using R and Stata software.
RESULTS
There were 39 studies that met the inclusion criteria, including 3,038 patients. In terms of YGTSS, the TCM syndrome score scale changes and shows a clinically effective rate, and we found that acupuncture combined with Chinese medicine is the best treatment.
CONCLUSION
Acupuncture + traditional Chinese medical herbs may be the best therapy to improve TD in children. At the same time, compared with Western medicine commonly used in clinical practice, acupuncture and acupuncture combined with tuina therapy have better effects on improving TD in children.
PubMed: 37144087
DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1156308 -
JAMA Network Open Apr 2023Reproductive system and mental health disorders are commonly comorbid in women. Although the causes of this overlap remain elusive, evidence suggests potential shared... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
IMPORTANCE
Reproductive system and mental health disorders are commonly comorbid in women. Although the causes of this overlap remain elusive, evidence suggests potential shared environmental and genetic factors associated with risk.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the comorbidity between psychiatric and reproductive system disorders, both as broad diagnostic categories and among specific pairs of diagnoses.
DATA SOURCE
PubMed.
STUDY SELECTION
Observational studies published between January 1980 and December 2019 assessing prevalence of psychiatric disorders in women with reproductive system disorders and prevalence of reproductive system disorders in women with psychiatric disorders were included. The study did not include psychiatric and reproductive disorders triggered by life events (eg, trauma, infection, surgery) to address potential confounding.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
A search yielded 1197 records, of which 50 met the inclusion criteria for the qualitative and 31 for the quantitative synthesis in our study. A random-effects model was used for data synthesis and Egger test and I2 to assess study bias and heterogeneity. Data were analyzed from January to December 2022. This study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guideline.
MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURES
Psychiatric and reproductive system disorders.
RESULTS
A total of 1197 records were identified, of which 50 met the inclusion criteria for qualitative and 31 for quantitative synthesis. Diagnosis of a reproductive system disorder was associated with a 2- to 3-fold increased odds of having a psychiatric disorder (lower bound odds ratio [OR], 2.00; 95% CI, 1.41-2.83; upper bound OR; 2.88; 95% CI, 2.21-3.76). The analysis focused on specific diagnoses described in the literature and found that polycystic ovary syndrome was associated with increased odds of depression (population-based studies OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.19-2.45; clinical studies OR, 2.58; 95% CI, 1.57-4.23) and anxiety (population-based studies OR, 1.69; 95% CI, 1.36-2.10; clinical studies OR, 2.85; 95% CI, 1.98-4.09). Chronic pelvic pain was also associated with both depression (OR, 3.91; 95% CI, 1.81-8.46) and anxiety (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.33-4.08). Few studies investigated risk of other reproductive system disorders in women with psychiatric disorders, or reverse associations (risk of reproductive system disorder among women with a psychiatric diagnosis).
CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, a high rate of reported co-occurrence between psychiatric and reproductive disorders overall was observed. However, data for many disorder pairs were limited. The available literature focused overwhelmingly on affective disorders in polycystic ovary syndrome, overlooking a substantial portion of disease overlap. As such, the associations between the majority of mental health outcomes and conditions of the female reproductive system are largely unknown.
Topics: Female; Humans; Polycystic Ovary Syndrome; Mental Health; Comorbidity; Anxiety Disorders; Anxiety
PubMed: 37071426
DOI: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.8685