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Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Feb 2024Plant probiotics are live microbial cells or cultures that support plant growth and control plant pathogens through different mechanisms. They have various effects on...
Plant probiotics are live microbial cells or cultures that support plant growth and control plant pathogens through different mechanisms. They have various effects on plants, including plant growth promotion through the production of indole acetic acid (IAA), biological control activity (BCA), and production of cellulase enzymes, thus inducing systemic resistance and increasing the availability of mineral elements. The present work aimed to study the potential of Achromobacter marplatensis and Bacillus velezensis as plant probiotics for the field cultivation of potatoes. In vitro studies have demonstrated the ability of selected probiotics to produce IAA and cellulase, as well as antimicrobial activity against two plant pathogens that infect Solanum tuberosum as Fusarium oxysporum and Ralstonia solanacearum under different conditions at a broad range of different temperatures and pH values. In vivo study of the effects of the probiotics A. marplatensis and B. velezensis on S. tuberosum plants grown in sandy clay loamy soil was detected after cultivation for 90 days. Probiotic isolates A. marplatensis and B. velezensis were able to tolerate ultraviolet radiation (UV) exposure for up to two hours, the dose response curve exhibited that the D values of A. marplatensis and B. velezensis were 28 and 16 respectively. In the case of loading both probiotics with broth, the shoot dry weight was increased significantly from 28 in the control to 50 g, shoot length increased from 24 to 45.7 cm, branches numbers increased from 40 to 70 branch, leaves number increased from 99 to 130 leaf, root dry weight increased from 9.3 to 12.9 g, root length increased from 24 to 35.7 cm, tuber weight increased from 15 to 37.0 g and tubers number increased from 9 to 24.4 tuber, the rot percentage was reduced to 0%. The addition of both probiotic isolates, either broth or wheat grains load separately has enhanced all the growth parameters; however, better results and increased production were in favor of adding probiotics with broth more than wheat. On the other hand, both probiotics showed a remarkable protective effect against potato pathogens separately and reduced the negative impact of the infection using them together.
Topics: Ralstonia solanacearum; Solanum tuberosum; Ultraviolet Rays; Fusarium; Plants; Cellulases; Plant Diseases
PubMed: 38334837
DOI: 10.1007/s10482-024-01928-2 -
Ecology and Evolution Feb 2024Against the backdrop of global warming, marine heatwaves are projected to become increasingly intense and frequent. This trend poses a potential threat to the survival...
Against the backdrop of global warming, marine heatwaves are projected to become increasingly intense and frequent. This trend poses a potential threat to the survival of corals and the maintenance of entire coral reef ecosystems. Despite extensive evidence for the resilience of corals to heat stress, their ability to withstand repeated heatwave events has not been determined. In this study, we examined the responses and resilience of to repeated exposure to marine heatwaves, with a focus on physiological parameters and symbiotic microorganisms. In the first heatwave, from a physiological perspective, showed decreases in the Chl content and endosymbiont density and significant increases in GST, caspase-3, CAT, and SOD levels ( < .05), while the effects of repeated exposure on heatwaves were weaker than those of the initial exposure. In terms of bacteria, the abundance of , with the potential for pathogenicity and intracellular parasitism, increased significantly during the initial exposure. Beneficial bacteria, such as and increased significantly during re-exposure to the heatwave. Overall, these results indicate that might adapt to marine heatwaves through physiological regulation and microbial community alterations.
PubMed: 38322002
DOI: 10.1002/ece3.10869 -
Microbiology Spectrum Mar 2024spp. are opportunistic pathogens of environmental origin increasingly isolated in patients with underlying conditions like cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite recent...
UNLABELLED
spp. are opportunistic pathogens of environmental origin increasingly isolated in patients with underlying conditions like cystic fibrosis (CF). Despite recent advances, their virulence factors remain incompletely studied, and siderophore production has not yet been investigated in this genus. The aim of this study was to evaluate the production of siderophores in a large collection of spp. and evaluate the variability according to the origin of the strain and species. A total of 163 strains were studied, including 128 clinical strains (CF and non-CF patients) and 35 strains of environmental origin. Siderophores were quantified by the liquid chrome azurol-sulphonate assay. Species were identified by gene-based phylogeny. Strains were assigned to 20 species, with being the most represented (51.5% of strains). Siderophore production was observed in 72.4% of the strains, with amounts ranging from 10.1% to 90% siderophore units. A significantly higher prevalence of siderophore-producing strains and greater production of siderophores were observed for clinical strains compared with strains of environmental origin. Highly variable observations were made according to species: presented unique characteristics (one of the highest prevalence of producing strains and highest amounts produced, particularly by CF strains). Siderophores are important factors for bacterial growth commonly produced by members of the genus. The significance of the observations made during this study must be further investigated. Indeed, the differences observed according to species and the origin of strains suggest that siderophores may represent important determinants of the pathophysiology of spp. infections and also contribute to the particular epidemiological success of in human infections.
IMPORTANCE
spp. are recognized as emerging opportunistic pathogens in humans with various underlying diseases, including cystic fibrosis (CF). Although their pathophysiological traits are increasingly studied, their virulence factors remain incompletely described. Particularly, siderophores that represent important factors of bacterial growth have not yet been studied in this genus. A population-based study was performed to explore the ability of members of the genus to produce siderophores, both overall and in relevant subgroups ( species; strain origin, either clinical-from CF or non-CF patients-or environmental). This study provides original data showing that siderophore production is a common trait of strains, particularly observed among clinical strains. The major species, , encompassed both one of the highest prevalence of siderophore-producing strains and strains producing the largest amounts of siderophores, particularly observed for CF strains. These observations may represent additional advantages accounting for the epidemiological success of this species.
Topics: Humans; Achromobacter; Cystic Fibrosis; Prevalence; Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections; Achromobacter denitrificans; Virulence Factors; Siderophores
PubMed: 38315029
DOI: 10.1128/spectrum.02953-23 -
Respirology Case Reports Feb 2024is a common bacterium that rarely causes pneumonia. Determining whether is the cause of lung infection in patients suspected of having chronic infectious lung disease...
is a common bacterium that rarely causes pneumonia. Determining whether is the cause of lung infection in patients suspected of having chronic infectious lung disease is challenging because it can present with colonization. We report a case of a 56-year-old immunocompetent woman suspected of having non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection on imaging examination and monitored for 3 years. Sputum examinations revealed several times, and it was determined to be a colonization. was isolated from bronchial lavage fluid and aspirated sputum, but no evidence of NTM was observed. She was diagnosed with infection and given ceftazidime for 2 weeks. Her symptoms and imaging findings improved rapidly after treatment, without recurrences. rarely causes chronic lower respiratory tract infections similar to NTM in immunocompetent patients. may be a target for treatment when detected in lower respiratory tract specimens.
PubMed: 38314101
DOI: 10.1002/rcr2.1287 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023A significant amount of electronic obsoletes or electronic waste (e-waste) is being generated globally each year; of these, ~20% of obsolete electronic items have...
A significant amount of electronic obsoletes or electronic waste (e-waste) is being generated globally each year; of these, ~20% of obsolete electronic items have plastic components. Current remediation practices for e-waste have several setbacks due to its negative impact on the environment, agro-ecosystem, and human health. Therefore, comparative biodegradation studies of e-waste plastics by monoculture strain PE10 and bacterial consortium consisting of strain PE2 (MF943156), strain PE5 (MF943157), PE8 (CP043311), and strain PE15 (MF943160) were carried out . Biological treatment of e-waste with these candidates in soil ecosystems has been analyzed through diversified analytical techniques such as Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), thermogravimetric-derivative thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis (TG-DTG-DTA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Both strain PE10 and the bacterial consortium have a tremendous ability to accelerate the biodegradation process in the natural environment. However, FTIR analysis implied that the monoculture had better efficacy than the consortium, and it was consistent until the incubation period used for the study. Some polymeric bonds such as ν C=C and δ C-H were completely removed, and ν C=C ring stretching, ν C-O-C, ν C-H, etc. were introduced by strain PE10. Furthermore, thermal analysis results validated the structural deterioration of e-waste as the treated samples showed nearly two-fold weight loss (; 6.8%) than the untreated control (3.1%) at comparatively lower temperatures. SEM images provided the details of surface disintegrations. Conclusively, individual monoculture strain PE10 could be explored for e-waste bio-recycling in agricultural soil ecosystems thereby reducing the cost, time, and management of bioformulation in addition to hazardous pollutant reduction.
PubMed: 38304861
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1277186 -
Data in Brief Feb 2024The dataset profiled in this research is built on sequencing of lactic acid bacteria 16S rDNA mined from Nono (N and N), Kunu (K and K) and Garri. The 16S rDNA sequences...
The dataset profiled in this research is built on sequencing of lactic acid bacteria 16S rDNA mined from Nono (N and N), Kunu (K and K) and Garri. The 16S rDNA sequences files are accessible under the data identification numbers: OK017047, OK017046, OK017044, OK017043, OK017045 at the GenBank database, NCBI. Taxonomic identification and phylogenetic tree analysis were done using the online BLAST (blastn) and MEGA11 software, respectively. The effect of the bacteriocin produced by these organisms on spoilage bacteria associated with salad was evaluated using an agar well diffusion assay. Limosilactobacillus pontis strain EOINONO, Limosilactobacillus pontis strain OGENONO, Limosilactobacillus pontis strain SEOGARI, Lactiplantibacillus plantarum strain MJIKUNU and Limosilactobacillus pontis strain EEIKUNU were the identified bacteriocinogenic organisms while Bacillus tequilensis strain SEOABACHA, Bacillus tequilensis strain EEIABACHA, Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain IMABACHA and Achromobacter insolitus strain MJIABACHA were the identified spoilage organisms.
PubMed: 38287954
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.110021 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023Aquatic wildlife health assessment is critically important for aquatic wildlife conservation. However, the health assessment of aquatic wildlife (especially aquatic wild...
Aquatic wildlife health assessment is critically important for aquatic wildlife conservation. However, the health assessment of aquatic wildlife (especially aquatic wild animals) is difficult and often accompanied by invasive survey activities and delayed observability. As there is growing evidence that aquatic environmental microbiota could impact the health status of aquatic animals by influencing their symbiotic microbiota, we propose a non-invasive method to monitor the health status of wild aquatic animals using the environmental microbiota health index (microHI). However, it is unknown whether this method is effective for different ecotype groups of aquatic wild animals. To answer this question, we took a case study in the middle Yangtze River and studied the water environmental microbiota and fish gut microbiota at the fish community level, population level, and ecotype level. The results showed that the gut microHI of the healthy group was higher than that of the unhealthy group at the community and population levels, and the overall gut microHI was positively correlated with the water environmental microHI, whereas the baseline gut microHI was species-specific. Integrating these variations in four ecotype groups (filter-feeding, scraper-feeding, omnivorous, and carnivorous), only the gut microHI of the carnivorous group positively correlated with water environmental microHI. Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae, and Achromobacter were the most abundant groups with health-negative-impacting phenotypes, had high positive correlations between gut sample group and environment sample group, and had significantly higher abundance in unhealthy groups than in healthy groups of carnivorous, filter-feeding, and scraper-feeding ecotypes. Therefore, using water environmental microHI to indicate the health status of wild fish is effective at the community level, is effective just for carnivorous fish at the ecotype level. In the middle Yangtze River, Alcaligenaceae, Enterobacteriaceae (family level), and (genus level) were the key water environmental microbial groups that potentially impacted wild fish health status. Of course, more data and research that test the current hypothesis and conclusion are encouraged.
PubMed: 38274749
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1293342 -
Environmental Science & Technology Feb 2024Having a tool to monitor the microbial abundances rapidly and to utilize the data to predict the reactor performance would facilitate the operation of an anaerobic...
Having a tool to monitor the microbial abundances rapidly and to utilize the data to predict the reactor performance would facilitate the operation of an anaerobic membrane bioreactor (AnMBR). This study aims to achieve the aforementioned scenario by developing a linear regression model that incorporates a time-lagging mode. The model uses low nucleic acid (LNA) cell numbers and the ratio of high nucleic acid (HNA) to LNA cells as an input data set. First, the model was trained using data sets obtained from a 35 L pilot-scale AnMBR. The model was able to predict the chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency and methane production 3.5 days in advance. Subsequent validation of the model using flow cytometry (FCM)-derived data (at time - 3.5 days) obtained from another biologically independent reactor did not exhibit any substantial difference between predicted and actual measurements of reactor performance at time . Further cell sorting, 16S rRNA gene sequencing, and correlation analysis partly attributed this accurate prediction to HNA genera (e.g., and unclassified Bacteroidales) and LNA genera (e.g., , , and unclassified Anaerolineae). In summary, our findings suggest that HNA and LNA cell routine enumeration, along with the trained model, can derive a fast approach to predict the AnMBR performance.
Topics: Anaerobiosis; Flow Cytometry; Nucleic Acids; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Bioreactors; Waste Disposal, Fluid; Methane
PubMed: 38261758
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c07702 -
Nutrients Jan 2024L. (ESL) is a Chinese herb that is used both as a food and medicine, often being added to soups in summer in south China to relieve heat stress (HS), but its exact...
L. (ESL) is a Chinese herb that is used both as a food and medicine, often being added to soups in summer in south China to relieve heat stress (HS), but its exact mechanism of action is unknown. In this study, heat-stressed mice were gavaged with ESL polysaccharides (ESLP) at 0, 150, 300, and 450 mg/kg/d ( = 5) for seven days. The gut microbiota composition, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), seven neurotransmitters in faeces, expression of intestinal epithelial tight junction (TJ) proteins (Claudin-1, Occludin), and serum inflammatory cytokines were measured. The low dose of ESLP (ESLL) improved the adverse physiological conditions; significantly reduced the cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6) and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) levels ( < 0.05); upregulated the expression of Claudin-1; restored the gut microbiota composition including and , which were at similar levels to those in the normal control group; significantly increased beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels in the faeces of heat-stressed mice; and significantly decreased the valeric acid and glutamic acid level. The level of inflammatory markers significantly correlated with the above-mentioned indicators ( < 0.05). Thus, ESLL reduced the HS-induced systemic inflammation by optimizing gut microbiota (, ) abundance, increasing gut beneficial SCFAs like butyric acid and 5-HT levels, and reducing gut valeric and glutamic acid levels.
Topics: Animals; Mice; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Claudin-1; Serotonin; Polysaccharides; Butyric Acid; Asteraceae; Cytokines; Glutamic Acid; Heat Stress Disorders
PubMed: 38257155
DOI: 10.3390/nu16020262 -
Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Dec 2024In recent years organic food is gaining popularity as it is believed to promote better human health and improve soil sustainability, but there are apprehensions about...
In recent years organic food is gaining popularity as it is believed to promote better human health and improve soil sustainability, but there are apprehensions about pathogens in organic produces. This study was designed to understand the effect of different composts and soils on the status of the microbiome present in organically grown leafy vegetables. 16S rRNA metagenomic profiling of the leaves was done, and data were analyzed. It was found that by adding composts, the OTU of the microbiome in the organic produce was higher than in the conventional produce. The beneficial genera identified across the samples included plant growth promoters (Achromobacter, Paenibacillus, Pseudomonas, Sphingobacterium) and probiotics (Lactobacillus), which were higher in the organic produce. Some pathogenic genera, viz., plant pathogenic bacteria (Cellvibrio, Georgenia) and human pathogenic bacteria (Corynebacterium, Acinetobacter, Streptococcus, Streptomyces) were also found but with relatively low counts in the organic produce. Thus, the present study highlights that organic produce has lesser pathogen contamination than the conventional produce. KEY POINTS: • 16S rRNA metagenomics profiling done for organic red amaranth cultivar • Microbial richness varied with respect to the soil and compost type used • The ratio of beneficial to pathogenic genera improves with the addition of compost.
Topics: Humans; Composting; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soil; Bacteria; Metagenome
PubMed: 38229333
DOI: 10.1007/s00253-023-12982-7