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Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024Bimatoprost has emerged as a significant medication in the field of medicine over the past several decades, with diverse applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Bimatoprost has emerged as a significant medication in the field of medicine over the past several decades, with diverse applications in ophthalmology, dermatology, and beyond. Originally developed as an ocular hypotensive agent, it has proven highly effective in treating glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Its ability to reduce intraocular pressure has established it as a first-line treatment option, improving management and preventing vision loss. In dermatology, bimatoprost has shown promising results in the promotion of hair growth, particularly in the treatment of alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action, stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, has led to the development of bimatoprost-containing solutions for enhancing eyelash growth.
AIM
The aim of our review is to provide a brief description, overview, and studies in the current literature regarding the versatile clinical use of bimatoprost in recent years. This can help clinicians determine the most suitable individualized therapy to meet the needs of each patient.
METHODS
Our methods involve a comprehensive review of the latest advancements reported in the literature in bimatoprost formulations, which range from traditional eye drops to sustained-release implants. These innovations offer extended drug delivery, enhance patient compliance, and minimize side effects.
RESULTS
The vast literature published on PubMed has confirmed the clinical usefulness of bimatoprost in lowering intraocular pressure and in managing patients with glaucoma. Numerous studies have shown promising results in dermatology and esthetics in promoting hair growth, particularly in treating alopecia and hypotrichosis. Its mechanism of action involves stimulating the hair cycle and prolonging the growth phase, leading to the development of solutions that enhance eyelash growth. The global use of bimatoprost has expanded significantly, with applications growing beyond its initial indications. Ongoing research is exploring its potential in glaucoma surgery, neuroprotection, and cosmetic procedures.
CONCLUSIONS
Bimatoprost has shown immense potential for addressing a wide range of therapeutic needs through various formulations and advancements. Promising future perspectives include the exploration of novel delivery systems such as contact lenses and microneedles to further enhance drug efficacy and patient comfort. Ongoing research and future perspectives continue to shape its role in medicine, promising further advancements and improved patient outcomes.
PubMed: 38794131
DOI: 10.3390/ph17050561 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024To characterize clinical outcomes following a single administration of bimatoprost SR in eyes with glaucoma in a real-world setting implanted at the slit-lamp.
PURPOSE
To characterize clinical outcomes following a single administration of bimatoprost SR in eyes with glaucoma in a real-world setting implanted at the slit-lamp.
SETTING
Tertiary care Glaucoma practice, Glaucoma Associates of Texas, Dallas, Texas.
DESIGN
Retrospective interventional case series.
METHODS
Data were analyzed from consecutive patients receiving a single bimatoprost SR implant from the time of its approval to the time of data collection. All eyes were implanted at the slit-lamp. Eyes with less than 1 month of follow-up were excluded. The primary outcome was median time to next intraocular pressure (IOP)-lowering intervention. Mean IOP and medication use, and changes from baseline, were also assessed through 12 months of follow-up.
RESULTS
Overall 129 eyes of 81 patients were analyzed. Following bimatoprost SR administration (replacing a topical prostaglandin analogue [PGA] in most eyes), the median survival time without any further IOP-lowering interventions was between 6-9 months. Mean IOP remained unchanged from baseline at month 1 (consistent with switch from topical to intracameral PGA therapy) and began to rise at month 3. At month 12, 40.5% of eyes (52 eyes) remained intervention-free, mean medication reduction was 0.5 medications per eye, and 27.8% of eyes (36 eyes) were medication-free. Adverse events were uncommon and most were transient and resolved with or without intervention.
CONCLUSION
This real-world analysis of bimatoprost SR use for glaucoma therapy complements Phase 3 study findings and demonstrates that the implant can safely provide medication reduction through 6 months in most eyes and through 12 months in almost 40% of eyes.
PubMed: 38765460
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S450220 -
Case Reports in Ophthalmological... 2024. We describe a patient with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) of several years whose management was complicated by the presence of a giant internal carotid-ophthalmic...
. We describe a patient with normal tension glaucoma (NTG) of several years whose management was complicated by the presence of a giant internal carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysm. . A 72-year-old woman presented to our glaucoma clinic with accelerated deterioration of her vision in her left eye (OS) over a 1-month period. Her ophthalmic history was most notable for bilateral NTG diagnosed 3 years prior which had been treated with several laser trabeculoplasty OS and topical bimatoprost 0.01% eye drops in both eyes (OU). Upon evaluation, her visual acuity OS had worsened, and visual field (VF) testing showed extensive progressive losses temporally and pericentrally OS over a year with stable IOP measurements and no neurological complaints. Given her atypical NTG progression, she was referred for an urgent neurological evaluation which revealed an unruptured giant left internal carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm. Following the successful treatment of the aneurysm with platinum coils, she continued to demonstrate additional bilateral ophthalmic changes including further progression of VF loss and RNFL thinning OS > OD on follow-up. . Overall, this report describes a unique complication in the management of a patient with chronic bilateral NTG in the form of a giant internal carotid-ophthalmic aneurysm. Moreover, it highlights the need for clinicians to maintain a degree of suspicion for compressive lesions of the optic nerve when presented with atypical progression of VFs and/or visual acuity loss in glaucomatous patients.
PubMed: 38765219
DOI: 10.1155/2024/3878152 -
Aging Apr 2024The cardiovascular effects of metformin continue to be a subject of debate within the medical community.
BACKGROUND
The cardiovascular effects of metformin continue to be a subject of debate within the medical community.
METHODS
The Mendelian randomization (MR) study used data from genome-wide association studies (GWAS) to explore the causal association with six diseases that are associated with bimatoprost treatment and myocardial infarction, chronic heart failure, atrial fibrillation, hypertrophic and dilated cardiomyopathy, and valvular disease. Genome-wide significant single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), that are associated with metformin use were selected as the instrumental variables. To determine the causal relationship between metformin use and various cardiovascular diseases, MR analysis was conducted, employing methods such as Instrumental Variable Weighting (IVW).
RESULTS
The IVW analysis demonstrated a positive association between metformin treatment and the risk of myocardial infarction (OR = 22.67, 95% CI 3.22-34.01; = 0.002). Conversely, metformin treatment exhibited a negative association with the risk of developing valvular disease (OR = 0.98, 95% CI 0.95-1.00; = 0.046) and hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (OR = 0.01, 95% CI 0.00-0.22; = 0.016). Multiple test correction found that metformin treatment was causally associated with the risk of both hypertrophic cardiomyopathy ( = 0.048) and myocardial infarction ( = 0.012). The analysis revealed limited heterogeneity in the individual results, absence of pleiotropy evidence, and indications of stability in the findings.
CONCLUSION
The MR study discovered from a genetic standpoint that metformin may lower the risk of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and valvular heart disease, yet it could elevate the risk of myocardial infarction.
Topics: Metformin; Mendelian Randomization Analysis; Humans; Genome-Wide Association Study; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Cardiovascular Diseases; Hypoglycemic Agents; Myocardial Infarction
PubMed: 38683129
DOI: 10.18632/aging.205775 -
Cureus Mar 2024Background and objective Bimatoprost ophthalmic solution (0.03%) is used for the treatment of ocular hypertension. However, one of the side effects of this...
Background and objective Bimatoprost ophthalmic solution (0.03%) is used for the treatment of ocular hypertension. However, one of the side effects of this prescription is that it causes overgrowth of eyelashes, causing hypertrichosis. Therefore, the Bimatoprost ophthalmic solution was rebranded to be used for cosmetic purposes. This study aims to assess the awareness and practices of female university students regarding the use of Careprost (Bimatoprost, Latisse, Allergan, Inc., Irvine, CA) for cosmetic purposes. Methodology A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among female students at Bisha University, including those from medical and non-medical colleges, spanning from November 2022 to February 2023. All participants who completed the study questionnaire were considered for analysis, but those who had missing answers were excluded from the study. The total number of participants was 305, representing an 81.2% response rate out of the 376 surveys distributed. Results A total of 305 students completed the survey, with approximately 132 (54.5%) from the medical college and 173 (65.3%) from the non-medical college. Approximately 32 (24.2%) of participants from the medical college and 51 (29.4%) from the non-medical college understood that Bimatoprost drops can be used for the elongation of eyelashes. More than half of the participants were not aware of the side effects of Careprost (0.03%), including 65 (49.2%) medical students and 108 (62.7%) non-medical students. In total, 42 (13.77%) of the participants believed that Careprost (0.03%) could be administered without a prescription. Among the participants, 75 (24.59%) reported that they had previously used Careprost (0.03%) eye drops. Additionally, more than one-fourth of the participants (83, 27.2%) thought that Careprost (0.03%) could be used for eyelash elongation. Conclusions This study revealed that female university students had a poor level of awareness and practices about the cosmetic uses of Careprost (0.03%) eye drops for eyelashes. A better awareness level was noted regarding the side effects of Careprost drops, which may have contributed to a low utilization rate among female students.
PubMed: 38618411
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.56233 -
International Journal of Pharmaceutics:... Jun 2024Bimatoprost (BIM) is a prostaglandin F2α analogs originally approved for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Recent studies have highlighted its...
Spanlastic-laden nanogel as a plausible platform for dermal delivery of bimatoprost with superior cutaneous deposition and hair regrowth efficiency in androgenic alopecia.
Bimatoprost (BIM) is a prostaglandin F2α analogs originally approved for the treatment of glaucoma and ocular hypertension. Recent studies have highlighted its potential to boost hair growth. The objective of this investigation is to challenge the potential of spanlastics (SLs) as a surfactant-based vesicular system for promoting the cutaneous delivery of BIM for the management of alopecia. BIM-loaded spanlastics (BIM-SLs), composed of Span as the main vesicle component and Tween as the edge activator, were fabricated by ethanol injection method. The formulated BIM-SLs were optimized by 2 full factorial design. The optimized formula (F1) was characterized for entrapment efficiency, surface charge, vesicle size, and drug release after 12 h (Q). The optimized formula (F1) exhibited high drug entrapment efficiency (83.1 ± 2.1%), appropriate zeta potential (-19.9 ± 2.1 mV), Q of 71.3 ± 5.3%, and a vesicle size of 364.2 ± 15.8 nm, which favored their cutaneous accumulation. In addition, skin deposition studies revealed that entrapping BIM within spanlastic-based nanogel (BIM-SLG) augmented the dermal deposition of BIM, compared to naïve BIM gel. Furthermore, studies verified the efficacy of spanlastic vesicles to boost the cutaneous accumulation of BIM compared to naive BIM gel; the AUC of BIM-SLG was 888.05 ± 72.31 μg/mL.h, which was twice as high as that of naïve BIM gel (AUC 382.86 ± 41.12 μg/mL.h). Intriguingly, BIM-SLG outperforms both naïve BIM gel and commercial minoxidil formulations in stimulating hair regrowth in an androgenetic alopecia mouse model. Collectively, spanlastic vesicles might be a potential platform for promoting the dermal delivery of BIM in managing alopecia.
PubMed: 38577618
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpx.2024.100240 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024To assess the effectiveness and safety of bimatoprost sustained release (SR) glaucoma implant as a treatment for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in a...
PURPOSE
To assess the effectiveness and safety of bimatoprost sustained release (SR) glaucoma implant as a treatment for open-angle glaucoma and ocular hypertension in a real-world private practice setting with a significant American Indian population.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 156 eyes from adult patients who received a single injection of bimatoprost implant between June 2020 and May 2022 at the Oklahoma Eye Surgeons. Patients were stratified by baseline intraocular pressure (IOP) (≥21 mmHg versus IOP<21 mmHg). The co-primary endpoints were changes in the mean IOP and the number of topical IOP-lowering medications from baseline to Month 6.
RESULTS
At 6 months, eyes with baseline IOP≥21 mmHg had a significantly lower mean IOP (19.85±8.01 versus 26.25±4.84 mmHg; p<0.0001) and the mean number of IOP-lowering medications (1.04±1.44 versus 1.38±1.50; p=0.048) compared with baseline. One year after implantation, 73.58% of eyes had a ≥20% reduction in IOP, 41.51% were medication-free and 30.19% were receiving at least one fewer medication. Among eyes with baseline IOP<21 mmHg, there was a significant reduction in the mean number of IOP-lowering medicines by Month 6 (0.61±1.03 versus 1.93±1.21 at baseline; p<0.0001), with no change in IOP. At 12 months, 24.27% of eyes had a ≥20% decrease in IOP, 43.69% of eyes did not require any medications and 63.11% had at least one fewer medication compared with baseline. An analysis using Welch's two-sample -test showed no significant differences in the outcomes between the overall population and the American Indian population (number of eyes, 23).
CONCLUSION
Bimatoprost SR glaucoma implant lowered IOP in eyes with high, uncontrolled baseline IOP, while it reduced the number of medications in eyes with a controlled baseline IOP. No clinically meaningful and statistically significant differences in the efficacy of bimatoprost were observed in patients of American Indian descent.
PubMed: 38550359
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S452159 -
Medical Engineering & Physics Feb 2024Drug-eluting contact lenses (DECLs) incorporated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and various model drugs (ketotifen fumarate, bimatoprost and latanoprost) were...
Drug-eluting contact lenses (DECLs) incorporated with poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) and various model drugs (ketotifen fumarate, bimatoprost and latanoprost) were fabricated using nanoelectrospray (nES) approach. The resulting DECLs demonstrated outstanding optical transmittance within the optical zone, indicating that the employed coating procedure did not compromise visual acuity under the prescribed spraying parameters. In vitro drug release assessments of the model drugs (ketotifen fumarate (KF), bimatoprost (BIM), and latanoprost (LN)) revealed a strong correlation between the model drug's hydrophobicity and the duration of drug release. Changing the drug loading of the more hydrophilic model drugs, BIM and KF, showed no impact on the drug release kinetics of DECLs loaded with BIM and KF. However, for the hydrophobic model drug, LN, the highest LN loading led to the most extended drug release. The conventional steam sterilisation method was found to damage the PLGA coating on the DECLs fabricated by nES. An alternative sterilisation strategy, such as radiation sterilisation may need to be investigated in the future study to minimise potential harm to the coating.
Topics: Latanoprost; Ketotifen; Bimatoprost; Contact Lenses; Drug Delivery Systems
PubMed: 38418021
DOI: 10.1016/j.medengphy.2024.104110 -
Clinical Ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) 2024A sustained-release, biodegradable, intracameral 10-µg bimatoprost implant (Durysta) is approved for single administration per eye to lower intraocular pressure (IOP)...
PURPOSE
A sustained-release, biodegradable, intracameral 10-µg bimatoprost implant (Durysta) is approved for single administration per eye to lower intraocular pressure (IOP) in open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and ocular hypertension (OHT). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the IOP-lowering effectiveness and safety of a single implant administration per eye in patients with OAG or OHT in a real-world clinical setting.
METHODS
This was a retrospective, single-site study involving 105 consecutive adult patients with OAG or OHT treated with the bimatoprost implant in 1 or both eyes in routine clinical practice. Available medical records of the patients for 12 months or longer after the initial implant administration were reviewed, and data including IOP, IOP-lowering medication and procedure use, and safety outcomes were collected and analyzed. The analysis used ranges of follow-up because of the real-world setting.
RESULTS
The study included 197 eyes (85.3% diagnosed with OAG, 94.9% pseudophakic, and 83.8% with angle grade 4). IOP reduction was observed through 1 year after the bimatoprost implant administration. Mean IOP was 16.6 mmHg at baseline and 13.3 mmHg at 11-13 months, with the mean number of topical IOP-lowering medications used reduced from 1.4 at baseline to 0.2 at 11-13 months. IOP and IOP-lowering medication use were similarly reduced in eyes treated with both selective laser trabeculoplasty (SLT) and bimatoprost implant (including 66 eyes with their last SLT before implant administration and 28 eyes with their last SLT after implant administration). There were no cases of treatment-emergent corneal edema after bimatoprost implant administration, and no eye required implant removal.
CONCLUSION
A single bimatoprost implant administration safely and effectively reduced IOP for up to 1 year and decreased the need for topical IOP-lowering medications in eyes with OAG or OHT with or without previous or subsequent SLT.
PubMed: 38263954
DOI: 10.2147/OPTH.S445005