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Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) Jul 2022Royal jelly is a yellowish-white substance with a gel texture that is secreted from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young worker bees. It consists mainly of...
Royal jelly is a yellowish-white substance with a gel texture that is secreted from the hypopharyngeal and mandibular glands of young worker bees. It consists mainly of water (50-56%), proteins (18%), carbohydrates (15%), lipids (3-6%), minerals (1.5%), and vitamins, and has many beneficial properties such as antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, anticancer, antioxidant, antidiabetic, immunomodulatory, and anti-aging. Royal jelly has been used since ancient times in traditional medicine, cosmetics and as a functional food due to its high nutritional value. The main bioactive substances are royalactin, and 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA). Other important bioactive molecules with antioxidant and photoprotective skin activity are polyphenols. However, they present difficulties in extraction and in use as they are unstable physicochemically, and a higher temperature causes color change and component degradation. In the present study, a new encapsulation and delivery system consisting of liposomes and cyclodextrins incorporating royal jelly has been developed. The new delivery system aims to the elimination of the stability disadvantages of royal jelly's sensitive component 10-HDA, but also to the controlled release of its ingredients and, more particularly, 10-HDA, for an enhanced bioactivity in cosmeceutical applications.
PubMed: 35893731
DOI: 10.3390/ph15080907 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Jul 2022The purposes of this study were to explore the potential possibility of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) use in feeding broiler chickens. A total of 216 healthy...
The purposes of this study were to explore the potential possibility of 10-hydroxy-trans-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) use in feeding broiler chickens. A total of 216 healthy 1-day-old chicks were divided into 2 treatments at random (diets supplemented with 0 or 40 mg/kg 10-HDA, respectively) with 6 replicates of 18 birds each, and were then reared for 42 days. The results found that a diet supplemented with 10-HDA significantly increased average daily gain of broiler chickens in d 22~42 and d 0~42. Compared with the control group, dietary inclusion of 10-HDA markedly increased the serum concentrations of immunoglobulin (Ig) G at d 21, as well as IgM and interleukin (IL)-10 at d 42, while decreasing the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α at d 21, as well as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-1β at d 42. Furthermore, broiler chickens fed a diet with 10-HDA had a higher (p < 0.05) serum activity of superoxide dismutase at d 42. Additionally, serum malondialdehyde content also decreased notably at d 21 and d 42. These results made it clear that 10-HDA increased the growth performance of broiler chickens, possibly by enhancing immune function and antioxidant capacity.
PubMed: 35883394
DOI: 10.3390/ani12141846 -
Journal of the International Society of... 2022Excessive production of free radicals caused by many types of exercise results in oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance.... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10 supplementation improves high-intensity interval exercise performance via changes in plasmatic and salivary biomarkers of oxidative stress and muscle damage in swimmers: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot trial.
BACKGROUND
Excessive production of free radicals caused by many types of exercise results in oxidative stress, which leads to muscle damage, fatigue, and impaired performance. Supplementation with royal jelly (RJ) or coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) has been shown to attenuate exercise-induced oxidant stress in damaged muscle and improve various aspects of exercise performance in many but not all studies. Nevertheless, the effects of treatments based on RJ plus CoQ10 supplementation, which may be potentially beneficial for reducing oxidative stress and enhancing athletic performance, remain unexplored. This study aimed to examine whether oral RJ and CoQ10 co-supplementation could improve high-intensity interval exercise (HIIE) performance in swimmers, inhibiting exercise-induced oxidative stress and muscle damage.
METHODS
Twenty high-level swimmers were randomly allocated to receive either 400 mg of RJ and 60 mg of CoQ10 (RJQ) or matching placebo (PLA) once daily for 10 days. Exercise performance was evaluated at baseline, and then reassessed at day 10 of intervention, using a HIIE protocol. Diene conjugates (DC), Schiff bases (SB), and creatine kinase (CK) were also measured in blood plasma and saliva before and immediately after HIIE in both groups.
RESULTS
HIIE performance expressed as number of points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation (FINA points) significantly improved in RJQ group (p = 0.013) compared to PLA group. Exercise-induced increase in DC, SB, and CK levels in plasma and saliva significantly diminished only in RJQ group (p < 0.05). Regression analysis showed that oral RJQ administration for 10 days was significantly associated with reductions in HIIE-induced increases in plasmatic and salivary DC, SB, and CK levels compared to PLA. Principal component analysis revealed that swimmers treated with RJQ are grouped by both plasmatic and salivary principal components (PC) into a separate cluster compared to PLA. Strong negative correlation between the number of FINA points and plasmatic and salivary PC1 values was observed in both intervention groups.
CONCLUSION
The improvements in swimmers' HIIE performance were due in significant part to RJQ-induced reducing in lipid peroxidation and muscle damage in response to exercise. These findings suggest that RJQ supplementation for 10 days is potentially effective for enhancing HIIE performance and alleviating oxidant stress.
ABBREVIATIONS
RJ, royal jelly; CoQ10, coenzyme Q10; HIIE, high-intensity interval exercise; DC, diene conjugates; SB, Schiff bases; CK, creatine kinase; RJQ, royal jelly plus coenzyme Q10; PLA, placebo; FINA points, points according to a single assessment system developed and approved by the International Swimming Federation; ROS, reactive oxygen species; 10H2DA, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid; AMPK, 5'-AMP-activated protein kinase; FoxO3, forkhead box O3; MnSOD, manganese-superoxide dismutase; CAT, catalase; E, optical densities; PCA, principal component analysis; PC, principal component; MCFAs, medium-chain fatty acids; CaMKKβ, Ca/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase β; TBARS, thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; MDA, malondialdehyde.
Topics: Biomarkers; Creatine Kinase; Dietary Supplements; Fatty Acids; Muscles; Oxidants; Oxidative Stress; Pilot Projects; Plasma; Polyesters; Schiff Bases; Swimming; Ubiquinone
PubMed: 35813842
DOI: 10.1080/15502783.2022.2086015 -
ACS Omega May 202210-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is an α,β-unsaturated medium-chain carboxylic acid containing a terminal hydroxyl group. It has various unique properties and great...
10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA) is an α,β-unsaturated medium-chain carboxylic acid containing a terminal hydroxyl group. It has various unique properties and great economic value. We improved the two-step biosynthesis method of 10-HDA. The conversion rate of the intermediate product -2-decenoic acid in the first step of 10-HDA synthesis could reach 93.1 ± 1.3% by combining transporter overexpression and permeation technology strategies. Moreover, the extracellular -2-decenoic acid content was five times greater than the intracellular content when 2.0% (v/v) triton X-100 and 1.2% (v/v) tween-80 were each used. In the second step of 10-HDA synthesis, we regenerated NAD(P)H by overexpressing a glucose dehydrogenase with the P450 enzyme (CYP153A33/M228L-CPR) in , improving the catalytic performance of the -2-decenoic acid terminal hydroxylation. Finally, the yield of 10-HDA was 486.5 mg/L using decanoic acid as the substrate with two-step continuous biosynthesis. Our research provides a simplified production strategy to promote the two-step continuous whole-cell catalytic biosynthesis of 10-HDA and other α,β-unsaturated carboxylic acid derivatives.
PubMed: 35664602
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c00972 -
Nutrients May 2022Royal jelly (RJ) is a natural bee product that contains a variety of biologically active ingredients and has antitumor, antiallergic, antibacterial and immune-regulating...
Royal jelly (RJ) is a natural bee product that contains a variety of biologically active ingredients and has antitumor, antiallergic, antibacterial and immune-regulating effects. Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the intestine that can cause abdominal pain and diarrhea. With this study, we aimed to explore the protective effect of RJ on DSS-induced colitis in mice. The physiochemical parameters (water, protein, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, total sugar, starch, ash and acidity) of the RJ samples used in this study met the requirements of the international and Chinese national standards. Treatment with RJ improved symptoms and colonic cell apoptosis and decreased intestinal permeability by increasing the expression of tight-junction protein, goblet cells and their secretion mucin, MUC2, in DSS-induced ulcerative colitis mice. RJ also reduced the expression of proinflammatory cytokine IL-6 and increased the expression of anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 and sIgA. DSS resulted in an increase in the relative abundance of , , (, and ) and in the colon and a decrease in the relative abundance of . In the RJ treatment group, the relative abundance of the above intestinal flora was improved by treatment with 2.0 g/kg RJ. These results suggested that RJ alleviated DSS-induced colitis by improving the colonic mucosal barrier.
Topics: Animals; Bees; Colitis; Cytokines; Dextran Sulfate; Fatty Acids; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Mice; Sodium
PubMed: 35631210
DOI: 10.3390/nu14102069 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2022The development of functional fermented beverages enriched with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been pursued because of the health benefits of GABA; however, few studies...
The development of functional fermented beverages enriched with γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) has been pursued because of the health benefits of GABA; however, few studies have described GABA production by yeast. Therefore, this study aimed to produce fermented apple beverages enriched with GABA produced by SC125. Golden Delicious apples were fermented by SC125 to produce a novel functional beverage; commercial yeast was used as the control. The GABA, organic acid, and volatile compound content during the fermentation process was investigated by high-performance liquid chromatography and headspace solid-phase microextraction/gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. A yield of 898.35 ± 10.10 mg/L GABA was achieved by the efficient bioconversion of L-monosodium glutamate. Notably, the SC125-fermented beverage produced several unique volatile compounds, such as esters, alcohols, 6-decenoic acid, and 3-hydroxy-2-butanone, and showed significantly enhanced contents of organic acids, including malic acids, citric acid, and quinic acid. Sensory analysis demonstrated that the SC125-fermented apple beverage had improved aroma, flavor, and overall acceptability. In conclusion, a fermented functional apple beverage containing GABA was efficiently produced using SC125.
PubMed: 35563926
DOI: 10.3390/foods11091202 -
RSC Advances May 2021A comprehensive approach of untargeted and targeted fatty acid bioprofiling of different royal jelly commercial and pharmaceutical products based on HPTLC-image analysis...
Royal jelly fatty acids bioprofiling using TLC-MS and digital image analysis coupled with chemometrics and non-parametric regression for discovering efficient biomarkers against melanoma.
A comprehensive approach of untargeted and targeted fatty acid bioprofiling of different royal jelly commercial and pharmaceutical products based on HPTLC-image analysis and melanoma cytotoxic activity together with chemometric analysis was applied in this study for discovering efficient biomarkers. Principal component analysis based on HPTLC-image analysis fingerprints of fatty acid loading plots were used to determine the chemical markers responsible for classification of royal jelly samples into fresh and lyophilized ones. These markers were identified using the HPTLC-MS technique as 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid, 3,10-dihydroxydecanoic acid, 10-hydroxy-2-decenoic acid, decanedioic acid and 10-hydroxydecanoic acid. These discriminating markers were quantified the HPTLC-imaging technique for targeted profiling using two different methods: parametric and non-parametric regression. The non-parametric regression method exhibited superiority in terms of linearity, accuracy and precision. Biomarkers were determined from the 3D-loading plot of orthogonal projection to latent structures model based on the fatty acid quantitative data together with the melanoma cytotoxic activity data. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid showed the greatest reduction in melanoma cell viability followed by decanedioic acid then 8-hydroxyoctanoic acid. The present study is considered the first attempt to discriminate fresh and lyophilized royal jelly samples based on their holistic lipidomic profile to discover efficient fatty acid reducing melanoma cell viability.
PubMed: 35478617
DOI: 10.1039/d1ra00580d -
Experimental Biology and Medicine... Jun 2022We herein report the synthesis of poly (9-decenoic acid-1-vinylimidazole--isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticles containing indocyanine green (ICG) in one pot and in water...
We herein report the synthesis of poly (9-decenoic acid-1-vinylimidazole--isopropylacrylamide) nanoparticles containing indocyanine green (ICG) in one pot and in water phase throughout the reaction. We have shown that copolymers of 9-decenoic acid and 1-vinylimidazole, or 9-decenoic acid alone, have an enhanced sensitivity to pH values between 7.4 and 6.8 and are superior to the widely used acrylic acid. We have also shown that incorporation of acidic comonomers leads to the favorable outcome of a higher fluorescence signal intensity in lower pH values, whereas the opposite is true of basic comonomers, where the fluorescence signal intensity is lower at low pH values. It was shown that to keep the pH response favorable the molar ratio of basic comonomers to acidic comonomers should roughly equal 1:4. We controlled the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of the nanoparticles from around 30 to 38°C for different applications by adding acrylamide comonomers. Finally, the nanoparticles at varying pH values, when imaged by an ultrasound switchable fluorescence (USF) imaging system, showed pH sensitivity and thermosensitivity at physiological and tumor pH.
Topics: Acrylamides; Acrylic Resins; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Imidazoles; Nanoparticles; Optical Imaging; Temperature
PubMed: 35470688
DOI: 10.1177/15353702221087648 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2022To investigate the relationship among the gut microbiome, serum metabolomic profile and RNA m6A methylation in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), 16S...
To investigate the relationship among the gut microbiome, serum metabolomic profile and RNA m6A methylation in patients with sepsis-associated encephalopathy (SAE), 16S rDNA technology, metabolomics and gene expression validation were applied. Serum and feces were collected from patients with and without (SAE group and non-SAE group, respectively, = 20). The expression of serum markers and IL-6 was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and blood clinical indicators were detected using a double antibody sandwich immunochemiluminescence method. The expression of RNA mA regulator were checked by Q-RTPCR. The gut microbiome was analyzed by 16S rDNA sequencing and the metabolite profile was revealed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In the SAE group, the IL-6, ICAM-5 and METTL3 levels were significantly more than those in the non-SAE group, while the FTO levels were significantly decreased in the SAE group. The diversity was decreased in the SAE gut microbiome, as characterized by a profound increase in commensals of the , , and , a decrease in []__group, while depletion of opportunistic organisms of the , , and genera were observed in both groups. The abundance of was positively correlated with the expression of METTL3. The changes between the intestinal flora and the metabolite profile showed a significant correlation. was negatively correlated with 2-ketobutyric acid, 9-decenoic acid, and l-leucine, and positively correlated with Glycyl-Valine _group was positively correlated with 2-methoxy-3-methylpyazine, acetaminophen, and synephrine acetonide. The gut microbiota diversity was decreased. The serum metabolites and expression of RNA m6A regulators in PBMC were significantly changed in the SAE group compared to the non-SAE group. The results revealed that serum and fecal biomarkers could be used for SAE screening.
PubMed: 35432460
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.859727 -
Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) Feb 2022Persistent infections caused by biofilms pose a major threat to global public health. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a main fatty acid in royal jelly, has been...
Persistent infections caused by biofilms pose a major threat to global public health. 10-Hydroxy-2-decenoic acid (10-HDA), a main fatty acid in royal jelly, has been shown to possess various biological activities. The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of 10-HDA on the biofilms and virulence of and its potential molecular mechanism. Quantitative crystal violet staining indicated that 10-HDA significantly reduced the biofilm biomass at sub-minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) levels (1/32MIC to 1/2MIC). Scanning electron microscope (SEM) observations demonstrated that 10-HDA inhibited the secretion of extracellular polymeric substances, decreased bacterial adhesion and aggregation, and disrupted biofilm architecture. Moreover, 10-HDA could significantly decrease the biofilm viability and effectively eradicated the mature biofilms. It was also found that the hemolytic activity of was significantly inhibited by 10-HDA. qRT-PCR analyses revealed that the expressions of global regulators , , and α-hemolysin gene were downregulated by 10-HDA. These results indicate that 10-HDA could be used as a potential natural antimicrobial agent to control the biofilm formation and virulence of .
Topics: Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 35268586
DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051485