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International Journal of Clinical... 2023Sealants are effective in preventing and arresting pit and fissure caries. Newer brands of sealants continue to be developed despite the lack of scientifically based...
BACKGROUND
Sealants are effective in preventing and arresting pit and fissure caries. Newer brands of sealants continue to be developed despite the lack of scientifically based information addressing the caries-preventive properties of these materials. Hence, laboratory tests play a vital role in providing the necessary information regarding the efficacy of new products in a short period of time.
OBJECTIVES
To compare and evaluate the viscosity, resin tag length, microleakage, and shear bond strength between conventional and hydrophilic sealants.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A total of 40 extracted third molars were selected. Only 20 were evaluated for microleakage and resin tag length and another 20 for shear bond strength evaluation between group I-ClinPro and group II-UltraSeal XT hydro. After sealant placement, specimens were immersed in 0.1% rhodamine dye, followed by thermocycling. Microleakage testing was done using a confocal laser scanning microscope and resin tag length evaluation using a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and shear bond strength using an Universal Instron machine. Viscosity was assessed using an Anton Paar viscometer. Results were subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software version 20.
RESULTS
Viscosity and mean microleakage scores for group I (0.92 MPa and 1.50) were found to be higher than for group II (0.72 MPa and 0.60). Mean resin tag length and mean shear bond strength for group I (7.46 ± 0.95 μm and 13.71 ± 0.94 MPa) were found to be less compared to group II (10.03 ± 1.00 μm and 20.39 ± 0.98 MPa). The results were found to be statistically significant ( < 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Group II was found to be less viscous, which resulted in the formation of resin tags of sufficient length and showed less microleakage and higher shear bond strength than group I.
HOW TO CITE THIS ARTICLE
Prabakar J, Jeevanandan G, Kengadaran S. Evaluation of Viscosity, Depth of Penetration, Microleakage, and Shear Bond Strength of Conventional and Hydrophilic Sealants. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2023;16(5):745-750.
PubMed: 38162245
DOI: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-2684 -
Journal of International Society of... 2023To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of three commercially available desensitizing mouthwashes on dentinal tubule occlusion using a scanning electron microscope...
AIM
To compare and evaluate the effectiveness of three commercially available desensitizing mouthwashes on dentinal tubule occlusion using a scanning electron microscope (SEM).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Twenty-seven premolar maxillary teeth were collected and cleaned to remove debris and tissue using an ultrasonic scaler. Enamel was removed with the help of a high-speed plain cut tungsten carbide fissure bur under continuous water spray. Dentinal discs measuring 5 mm × 5 mm × 3 mm were prepared from the coronal region of the extracted teeth using a double-sided carborundum disc and straight micromotor handpiece. Using carborundum paper, the discs were polished and washed with distilled water. The discs were etched using 37% phosphoric acid to remove any smear layer that was caused by the grinding process and to simulate dentinal hypersensitivity by opening the dentinal tubules. The specimens were again washed and stored in distilled water until use. Samples were then randomly allocated into Group A: calcium sodium phosphosilicate mouthwash, Group B: potassium nitrate mouthwash, and Group C: dipotassium oxalate monohydrate mouthwash. The specimens were immersed in a test tube filled with the respective mouthwash and vigorously shaken for 60 s for simulating the natural mouth rinsing action. This procedure was repeated for 7 days, twice daily. To compare and assess the proportion of dentinal tubule occlusion, all the samples were processed and examined under an SEM.
RESULTS
The efficacy of the mouthwash on the obliteration of dentinal tubules was compared using the Kruskal-Walis analysis of variance test followed by the Mann-Whitney test for pairwise comparison. Group A showed completely occluded tubules in 5 (55.6) and mostly occluded tubules in 4 (44.4). Group B showed mostly occluded in 4 samples (44.4) and partially occluded in 5 samples (55.6) and Group C showed completely occluded tubules in 3 samples (33.3) and mostly occluded tubules in 6 samples (66.7). A value of 0.05 or less is regarded as statistically significant. * ≤ 0.05 is statistically significant. Between Group A and Group B as well as between Group B and Group C, there was a statistically significant difference. However, a statistically significant difference between Group A and Group C does not exist.
CONCLUSION
The calcium sodium phosphosilicate group was shown to have the most occlusion of the dentinal tubule, followed by dipotassium oxalate monohydrate and potassium nitrate group.
PubMed: 38124731
DOI: 10.4103/jispcd.JISPCD_97_23 -
Dental Materials Journal Jan 2024This study aimed to apply finite element analysis to evaluate the effects of pile materials with different elastic moduli and cement materials on the stress distribution...
Influence of restorative materials on the mechanical properties of maxillary first molars with different degrees of cryptic fractures and defects: A finite element analysis.
This study aimed to apply finite element analysis to evaluate the effects of pile materials with different elastic moduli and cement materials on the stress distribution between the remaining tooth tissue and cryptic fracture defects. A three-dimensional finite element model was established for 20 maxillary first molars with hidden fissures and mesial tongue-tip defects. Two levels of hidden cracks and three types of pile and adhesive materials were used in the design. The stress distribution and maximum stress peak in the remaining tooth tissue and crack defects were determined by simulating the normal bite, maximum bite, and lateral movement forces. When titanium posts, zinc phosphate binders, and porcelain crowns were used to repair the two types of deep cracked teeth, the maximum principal stress at the crack and dentin was the smallest. As the crack depth increased, the maximum principal stress of the residual dentin and crack defects increased.
Topics: Crowns; Finite Element Analysis; Post and Core Technique; Dental Materials; Molar; Stress, Mechanical; Dental Stress Analysis; Dentin
PubMed: 38104999
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-151 -
Global Pediatric Health 2023This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents residing in Pakistan toward pits and fissure sealants in children. This descriptive,...
This study aimed to evaluate the knowledge, attitude, and practices of parents residing in Pakistan toward pits and fissure sealants in children. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out between November 2022 to March 2023. An online questionnaire was distributed through various social media platforms. Independent t-test and Multiple Linear Regression analysis were performed. A total of 570 participants were recruited. For protection against tooth decay, most of the participants 456(80%) believed that fissure sealants should be placed to protect teeth from decay. Placement of fissure sealants was considered to be a cost-effective measure by majority of the 480 (84.2%) respondents. Fissure sealants are one of the most effective preventive measures against tooth decay. The knowledge, attitude and practice of parents were some being aware of fissure sealants and some were not. It appeared to support the placement of fissure sealants for their children.
PubMed: 38024465
DOI: 10.1177/2333794X231214090 -
Cureus Oct 2023Numerous aspects of dentistry have been transformed by smart materials. In recent years, there have been advancements in dental materials that exhibit improved... (Review)
Review
Numerous aspects of dentistry have been transformed by smart materials. In recent years, there have been advancements in dental materials that exhibit improved biological compatibility. These materials are specifically designed to interact effectively with the fluids found in the oral cavity, including saliva and gingival crevicular fluids. The search for the optimum restorative material results in the development of a more recent generation of dental materials known as smart materials. Smart materials react to stimuli, including stress, temperature, moisture, pH, electric field, and magnetic field, in a regulated way. Some of them are biomimetic and can imitate the dentin and enamel seen in natural teeth. These resources herald the start of a new era in dentistry known as "Smart Dentistry," and they project a promising future in terms of improved dependability and efficiency. These types of diverse materials can pick up and perform definite functionalities regarding adjustments in the nearby surroundings. Based on their capacity for recognition, analysis, and discrimination, these materials might be able to foresee problems in the near future. The superior biocompatibilities of smart materials, which have brought about a new generation of biosmart dentistry, are a crucial component of their utilization in numerous dental applications. We should use any material with intelligence as we progress in innovation and advanced technology. Additionally, we should purposefully incorporate intelligence into existing materials through design. Smart materials have proven advantageous in the field of dentistry, particularly in restorative applications. Various dental products, including smart composites, resin-modified glass ionomer materials, pit, and fissure sealants releasing amorphous calcium phosphate (ACP), smart ceramics, and compomers have all witnessed positive advancements due to the integration of smart materials.
PubMed: 38021683
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.47185 -
The Journal of Clinical Pediatric... Nov 2023Pit and fissure sealants play an essential role in preventive dentistry. This study evaluates the microleakage levels of a new and colored flowable composite applied as...
Pit and fissure sealants play an essential role in preventive dentistry. This study evaluates the microleakage levels of a new and colored flowable composite applied as a sealant after three preparation techniques. A total of 24 non-carious mandibular permanent molars with deep pits and fissures were included in the study. Pit and fissures were prepared with 37% phosphoric acid, tungsten carbide bur and fissurotomy burs (SS WHITE Dental, New Jersey, USA) using conventional, enameloplasty and fissurotomy techniques. All samples were thermocycled following the placement of Rainbow Flow (PPH CERKAMED Wojciech Pawłowski, Poland) as a sealant and sections were taken after immersion in methylene blue dye. The microleakage levels of the samples were examined under a stereomicroscope (Olympus SZX-7 Olympus SZ-61 Stereo Microscope) at 2.8× magnification to analyze the dye penetration of the flowable composite. The 144 sections were examined and scoring for microleakage was done by examining the dye penetration from the occlusal border to the base of the fissure. Considering all sections regardless of the preparation technique, it was found that 16.6% of the sections have no leakage. Regarding the microleakage scores, the mean score of the conventional group was 1.87 ± 0.98, the mean score of the enameloplasty group was 1.88 ± 1.14, and the mean score of the fissurotomy group was 1.81 ± 1.1. The median scores of the conventional, enameloplasty and fissurotomy groups were 2, 2 and 1.5, respectively. The present study reports no difference between the microleakage level of a colored flowable composite material used as a pit and fissure sealant following three fissure preparation techniques and supports the clinical use of this material.
Topics: Humans; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Dental Leakage; Dental Enamel; Composite Resins
PubMed: 37997243
DOI: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.086 -
BMC Oral Health Nov 2023The present study aimed to evaluate the flexural strength, degree of conversion, and demineralization-prevention ability of an experimental fissure sealant containing...
Evaluation of flexural strength, degree of conversion, and demineralization-prevention properties in adjacent tooth structures of an experimental fissure sealant containing nano-calcium-phosphate compounds.
BACKGROUND
The present study aimed to evaluate the flexural strength, degree of conversion, and demineralization-prevention ability of an experimental fissure sealant containing nano-calcium-phosphate compounds.
METHODS
An experimental sealant was formulated using silica and nano hydroxyapatite filler particles. The control group consisted of the DENU Seal (n = 10, each group). The flexural bond strength was evaluated by UTM. DC was evaluated by FTIR. To evaluate the demineralization-prevention ability, Cl V cavities in 10 third molar teeth restored with two sealant products, followed by an acid challenge then the Vickers microhardness test was carried out.
RESULTS
The mean flexural strength in the commercial group was higher than the experimental group. However, the mean flexural modulus was not significantly different between the two groups. In the experimental group, DC was significantly higher than the commercial group. Adjacent to the interface, the decrease in microhardness in the experimental group was significantly less than the commercial group. However, on the tooth surface, there were no significant differences between the two groups. In the experimental group, the decrease in microhardness at the interface was less than at the tooth surface, however the situation was opposite in the commercial group.
CONCLUSIONS
Incorporating hydroxyapatite into the sealant structure might prevent demineralization, without adverse effects on flexural modulus and degree of conversion.
Topics: Humans; Dental Enamel; Pit and Fissure Sealants; Flexural Strength; Phosphates; Materials Testing; Tooth Demineralization; Calcium Compounds
PubMed: 37990312
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03617-4 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Oct 2023OSA is a common problem in children and adolescents. Angle class II malocclusion, a tendency toward the vertical type of growth, causes a decrease in the volume of the...
BACKGROUND
OSA is a common problem in children and adolescents. Angle class II malocclusion, a tendency toward the vertical type of growth, causes a decrease in the volume of the oral air space, increasing the risk of OSAS. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between cephalometric and OSA parameters, to develop collaborative approaches between orthodontists and somnologists in the treatment of adolescents with OSA.
METHODS
We analyzed data from 41 adolescents with OSA. Their mean age was 15.8 ± 1.08 years. Orthodontic and polysomnographic examinations of patients were conducted. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 19.0.0.
RESULTS
Most often in patients with distal occlusion, a violation of the harmony in the development of the dental system was observed. The sagittal incisive fissure, characteristic of a distal occlusion, was absent due to the palatal inclination of the upper incisors in 25 (60.98%) patients. The SNB was 79.4 ± 3.1°, indicating a distal position of the mandible relative to the anterior cranial base. The SNA exceeded the normal value, which is one of the prerequisites for mandibular retrognathia. The ANB angle was 4.3 ± 1.9°. Tonsillar hypertrophy affected 6 patients, 21 had adenoid hypertrophy, and 3 had both of them. Movements of the masticatory muscles during sleep were recorded in 22.0% of patients.
CONCLUSION
To improve the quality of diagnosis and treatment of OSA, a multidisciplinary approach is needed that will correct the processes of child growth and development.
PubMed: 37959316
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12216851 -
NMC Case Report Journal 2023Hemorrhagic pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are rare, accounting for 1.1%-8.0% of all PA cases. They are reported to occur more frequently in older populations, with a male...
Hemorrhagic pilocytic astrocytomas (PAs) are rare, accounting for 1.1%-8.0% of all PA cases. They are reported to occur more frequently in older populations, with a male predominance. In this study, we report a case of a 14-year-old boy who presented with a headache, vertigo, and diplopia. As per his brain computed tomography scan, a small hematoma was observed in the left inferior cerebellar peduncle. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed repeated minor bleeding from the lesion and mild expansion, with no neurological deficits. Four years later, the patient developed nausea, vomiting, and left abducens palsy. MRI revealed a mulberry-shaped mass surrounded by a hypointense rim, suggesting a cavernous angioma. The lesion was surgically resected via midline occipital craniotomy with the opening of the cerebellomedullary fissure. Histopathological examination of the lesion revealed PA. Next-generation sequencing analyses revealed that PAs harbored mutations in the , , and genes but not in the gene. To the best of our knowledge, there are yet no reported studies on these mutations in PAs to date. Thus, PA should be considered in the differential diagnosis of cerebellar hemorrhage, especially in young adults and children..
PubMed: 37953905
DOI: 10.2176/jns-nmc.2023-0152