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Journal of Applied Oral Science :... 2024Specific products containing natural resources can contribute to the innovation of complete denture hygiene.
UNLABELLED
Specific products containing natural resources can contribute to the innovation of complete denture hygiene.
OBJECTIVE
To conduct an in vitro evaluation of experimental dentifrices containing essential oils of Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth (BvK), Copaifera officinalis (Co), Eucalyptus citriodora (Ec), Melaleuca alternifolia (Ma) and Pinus strobus (Ps) at 1%.
METHODOLOGY
The variables evaluated were organoleptic and physicochemical characteristics, abrasiveness (mechanical brushing machine) simulating 2.5 years, and microbial load (Colony Forming Units - CFU/mL), metabolic activity (XTT assay) and cell viability (Live/Dead® BacLight™ kit) of the multispecies biofilm (Streptococcus mutans: Sm, Staphylococcus aureus: Sa, Candida albicans: Ca and Candida glabrata: Cg). Specimens of heat-polymerized acrylic resins (n=256) (n=96 specimens for abrasiveness, n=72 for microbial load count, n=72 for biofilm metabolic activity, n=16 for cell viability and total biofilm quantification) with formed biofilm were divided into eight groups for manual brushing (20 seconds) with a dental brush and distilled water (NC: negative control), Trihydral (PC: positive control), placebo (Pl), BvK, Co, Ec, Ma or Ps. After brushing, the specimens were washed with PBS and immersed in Letheen Broth medium, and the suspension was sown in solid specific medium. The organoleptic characteristics were presented by descriptive analysis. The values of density, pH, consistency and viscosity were presented in a table. The data were analyzed with the Wald test in a generalized linear model, followed by the Kruskal-Wallis test, Dunn's test (mass change) and the Bonferroni test (UFC and XTT). The Wald test in Generalized Estimating Equations and the Bonferroni test were used to analyze cell viability.
RESULTS
All dentifrices showed stable organoleptic characteristics and adequate physicochemical properties. CN, Ec, Ps, Pl and PC showed low abrasiveness. There was a significant difference between the groups (p<0.001) for microbial load, metabolic activity and biofilm viability.
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that the BvK, Ec and Ps dentifrices are useful for cleaning complete dentures, as they have antimicrobial activity against biofilm. The dentifrices containing Bowdichia virgilioides Kunth showed medium abrasiveness and should be used with caution.
Topics: Biofilms; Dentifrices; Oils, Volatile; Denture, Complete; Materials Testing; Time Factors; Reproducibility of Results; Toothbrushing; Colony Count, Microbial; Staphylococcus aureus; Statistics, Nonparametric; Streptococcus mutans; Analysis of Variance; Microbial Viability; Candida albicans; Reference Values; Acrylic Resins
PubMed: 38695444
DOI: 10.1590/1678-7757-2023-0397 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8%... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial Comparative Study
Evaluation and comparison of the effects of a new paste containing 8% L-Arginine and CaCO3 plus KNO3 on dentinal tubules occlusion and dental sensitivity: a randomized, triple blinded clinical trial study.
BACKGROUND
Dentin hypersensitivity, often occurring after dental treatments or from erosive lesions, is a prevalent patient complaint. This study introduces a paste combining 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate to evaluate its impact on dentinal tubules occlusion, dentin permeability, and tooth sensitivity.
METHODS
Dentin surfaces from 24 third molars (thickness: 2 mm) were divided into two groups of 12. One received the experimental paste, while the other received a placebo without desensitizer. Permeability and sealing ability were assessed through scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and dentin permeability measurement. The pastes' effects on hypersensitivity were then examined in a triple-blind, randomized parallel-armed clinical trial with 16 eligible patients. Sensitivity to cold, touch, and spontaneous stimuli was recorded using the VAS scale at various intervals post-treatment. Statistical analysis was conducted using Shapiro-Wilk, Mann-Whitney U, Friedman, and Wilcoxon tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
The permeability test demonstrated a significant reduction in dentin permeability in the experimental group (P = 0.002) compared to the control (P = 0.178). SEM images revealed most dentinal tubules in the intervention samples to be occluded. Clinically, both groups showed a significant decrease in the three types of evaluated sensitivity throughout the study. However, no significant difference in sensitivities between the two groups was observed, with the exception of cold sensitivity at three months post-treatment (P = 0.054).
CONCLUSION
The innovative desensitizing paste featuring 8% L-arginine, calcium carbonate, and potassium nitrate effectively occluded dentinal tubules and reduced dentin permeability. It mitigated immediate and prolonged dentin hypersensitivity to various stimuli, supporting its potential role in managing dentin hypersensitivity.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
http://irct.ir : IRCT20220829055822N1, September 9th, 2022.
Topics: Humans; Dentin Sensitivity; Arginine; Calcium Carbonate; Nitrates; Male; Female; Potassium Compounds; Dentin Desensitizing Agents; Adult; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Dentin Permeability; Dentin; Toothpastes; Young Adult; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38685035
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04298-3 -
Pharmaceutics Apr 2024This work assessed the influence of the amount of dentifrice and fluoride (F) concentration in the product on the pH and inorganic components of and dual-species...
This work assessed the influence of the amount of dentifrice and fluoride (F) concentration in the product on the pH and inorganic components of and dual-species biofilms. The biofilms were treated with suspensions of fluoride dentifrices containing 550 or 1100 ppm of F (550 F or 1100 F, respectively) administered at comparable intensities: (i-1) 550 F/0.08 g or 1100 F/0.04 g; (i-2) 550 F/0.16 g or 1100 F/0.08 g; and (i-3) 550 F/0.32 g or 1100 F/0.16 g. A placebo dentifrice (without NaF, 0.32 g) was used as a negative control. After the last treatment, the biofilm pH was measured and the F, calcium (Ca), and phosphorus (P) concentrations were determined. Data were subjected to an ANOVA/Kruskal-Wallis test, and a Student-Newman-Keuls test. The highest biofilm pH and F concentrations (biomass and fluid) were observed for 1100 F at i-3. Overall, 1100 F resulted in F levels similar to 550 F for i-1 and i-2. In addition, 550 F applied at i-2 and i-3 led to higher F in the biomass/fluid compared to 1100 F applied at i-1 and i-2, respectively. In biomass, the lowest Ca concentrations were observed for 1100 F at i-3. The conclusion drawn is that the treatment intensity holds greater significance as a parameter compared to the concentration of F or the amount of dentifrice when considered individually.
PubMed: 38675223
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics16040562 -
Archives of Oral Biology Jul 2024An ex-vivo study was aimed at (i) programming clinically validated robot three-year random toothbrushing, (ii) evaluating cervical macro- and microwear patterns on all...
OBJECTIVES
An ex-vivo study was aimed at (i) programming clinically validated robot three-year random toothbrushing, (ii) evaluating cervical macro- and microwear patterns on all tooth groups of different functional age, (iii) documenting and codificating wear related morphological features at the cemento-enamel junction in young teeth and on roots in older teeth.
DESIGN
Following ethical approval random toothbrushing (44 strokes per tooth horizontally, rotating, vertically; 2x/d) with manual toothbrushes and low-abrasive dentifrice was performed in an artificial oral cavity with brushing-force 3.5 N on 14 extracted human teeth. Morphological features were examined by SEM at baseline and after simulated 3 years using the replication technique. 3D-SEM analyses were carried out with a four-quadrant back scattered electron detector. Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney-test was used for statistical analyses.
RESULTS
3-year random toothbrushing with horizontal, rotating and vertical brushing movements revealed morphological features classified as four enamel patterns, one dentin pattern and three cervical patterns. Negative impacts were enamel, cementum and dentin loss. Positive impact on oral health was removing dental calculus and straightening cervical traumatic and iatrogenic damages. The volume loss varied from x̅=34.25nl to x̅=87.75nl. Wear extended apically from 100 to 1500 micrometres.
CONCLUSION
Robot simulated toothbrushing in an artificial oral cavity, with subsequent SEM and 3D-SEM assessment, elucidated both negative and oral health-contributing micromorphology patterns of cervical wear after simulated 3-year random toothbrushing. Cervical macro- and microwear of cementum revealed, for the first time, what we describe as overhanging enamel peninsulas and enamel islands on roots in young teeth, but no enamel islands on roots from older teeth after root cementum loss. In contrast, many older teeth exhibited enamel peninsulas.
Topics: Humans; Toothbrushing; Tooth Wear; Tooth Cervix; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Robotics; Dental Enamel; Dental Cementum; Dentin; Dentifrices; In Vitro Techniques
PubMed: 38669743
DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105981 -
Scientific Reports Apr 2024The study aimed to compare various toothpastes and mouthwashes on permanent tooth dentin after erosive and abrasive challenges. 130 sound premolars dentin were randomly...
The study aimed to compare various toothpastes and mouthwashes on permanent tooth dentin after erosive and abrasive challenges. 130 sound premolars dentin were randomly submitted to an initial erosive challenge and a cycle of erosive and abrasive challenges for five days. The five experimental groups (n = 26) were: (1) Control group (artificial saliva), (2) Elmex erosion protection toothpaste and mouthwash, (3) Vitis anticaries biorepair toothpaste and mouthwash, (4) Oral B Pro-expert toothpaste and Oral B Fluorinse mouthwash, and (5) MI Paste ONE toothpaste and Caphosol mouthwash. Microhardness, surface roughness values, and the topographical characteristics of the dentin surface were assessed. The highest percentage of recovered dentin microhardness (%RDMH) value was observed in groups 2 and 4, followed by groups 5 and 3, respectively. The %RDMH values in groups 2 and 4 did not demonstrate a significant difference (p = 0.855). The highest percentage of improvement in surface roughness was recorded in groups 2 and 4, with no significant differences (p = 0.989). The atomic force microscopy (AFM) findings were consistent with the surface roughness data. The best recovery of dentin microhardness and roughness were measured with the Elmex and Oral B toothpaste and mouthwash, followed by MI Paste ONE toothpaste and Caphosol mouthwash and Vitis anticaries biorepair toothpaste and mouthwash.
Topics: Toothpastes; Mouthwashes; Humans; Dentin; Tooth Erosion; Surface Properties; Hardness; In Vitro Techniques
PubMed: 38653765
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-59631-1 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Root caries is preventable and can be arrested at any stage of disease development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mineral exchange and...
BACKGROUND
Root caries is preventable and can be arrested at any stage of disease development. The aim of this study was to investigate the potential mineral exchange and fluorapatite formation within artificial root carious lesions (ARCLs) using different toothpastes containing 5,000 ppm F, 1,450 ppm F or bioactive glass (BG) with 540 ppm F.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The crowns of each extracted sound tooth were removed. The remaining roots were divided into four parts (n = 12). Each sample was randomly allocated into one of four groups: Group 1 (Deionised water); Group 2 (BG with 540 ppm F); Group 3 (1,450 ppm F) and Group 4 (5,000 ppm F). ARCLs were developed using demineralisation solution (pH 4.8). The samples were then pH-cycled in 13 days using demineralisation solution (6 h) and remineralisation solution (pH 7) (16 h). Standard tooth brushing was carried out twice a day with the assigned toothpaste. X-ray Microtomography (XMT) was performed for each sample at baseline, following ARCL formation and after 13-day pH-cycling. Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and F Magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (F-MAS-NMR) were also performed.
RESULTS
XMT results showed that the highest mineral content increase (mean ± SD) was Group 4 (0.09 ± 0.05), whilst the mineral content decreased in Group 1 (-0.08 ± 0.06) after 13-day pH-cycling, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4 (p < 0.05). SEM scans showed that mineral contents within the surface of dentine tubules were high in comparison to the subsurface in all toothpaste groups. There was evidence of dentine tubules being either partially or completely occluded in toothpaste groups. F-MAS-NMR showed peaks between - 103 and - 104ppm corresponding to fluorapatite formation in Groups 3 and 4.
CONCLUSION
Within the limitation of this laboratory-based study, all toothpastes were potentially effective to increase the mineral density of artificial root caries on the surface, however there was evidence of mineral loss within the subsurface for Groups 1, 3 and 4.
Topics: Pilot Projects; Toothpastes; Root Caries; Humans; X-Ray Microtomography; Apatites; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; Fluorides; Tooth Remineralization; Cariostatic Agents; In Vitro Techniques; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
PubMed: 38649931
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04061-8 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024This study examines the oral health benefits of heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143, particularly its potential in oral microbiota alterations and... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
The impact of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143 toothpaste on gingivitis and oral microbiota in adults: a randomized, double-blind, crossover, placebo-controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
This study examines the oral health benefits of heat-killed Lacticaseibacillus paracasei GMNL-143, particularly its potential in oral microbiota alterations and gingivitis improvement.
METHODS
We assessed GMNL-143's in vitro interactions with oral pathogens and its ability to prevent pathogen adherence to gingival cells. A randomized, double-blind, crossover clinical trial was performed on gingivitis patients using GMNL-143 toothpaste or placebo for four weeks, followed by a crossover after a washout.
RESULTS
GMNL-143 showed coaggregation with oral pathogens in vitro, linked to its surface layer protein. In patients, GMNL-143 toothpaste lowered the gingival index and reduced Streptococcus mutans in crevicular fluid. A positive relationship was found between Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans and gingival index changes, and a negative one between Campylobacter and gingival index changes in plaque.
CONCLUSION
GMNL-143 toothpaste may shift oral bacterial composition towards a healthier state, suggesting its potential in managing mild to moderate gingivitis.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ID NCT04190485 ( https://clinicaltrials.gov/ ); 09/12/2019, retrospective registration.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Dental Plaque Index; Double-Blind Method; Gingivitis; Lacticaseibacillus paracasei; Microbiota; Retrospective Studies; Toothpastes; Cross-Over Studies
PubMed: 38643116
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04251-4 -
PloS One 2024This in-vitro study aimed to analyse the effect of brushing and different brushing parameters (kind of toothpaste, kind of toothbrush, brushing force) on erosive tooth...
This in-vitro study aimed to analyse the effect of brushing and different brushing parameters (kind of toothpaste, kind of toothbrush, brushing force) on erosive tooth wear of primary bovine enamel and dentin. Specimens were prepared from primary bovine enamel or dentin (each group n = 12) and cyclically eroded (6 × 60 s/d, citric acid, pH 2.4) and brushed with children's toothbrushes (2 × 15 s/d) over 5 days. The brushing parameters under investigation were: toothpaste (fluoridated, fluoride-free), toothbrush (manual; rotating-oscillating and sonic, each at two different activation modes) and brushing force (1 N, 2 N). Specimens that were only eroded and not brushed served as controls. Enamel and dentin wear was quantified using widefield confocal microscopy. Statistical analysis was performed using three- and one-way ANOVAs followed by Scheffe's (enamel) or Tamhane's (dentin) post-hoc tests (p < 0.05). Brushing with the fluoridated toothpaste was able to significantly reduce erosive wear in enamel (by 15 to 37%, 6 of 10 groups) and in dentin (by 58 to 72%, all groups), while brushing with the fluoride-free toothpaste was not different from the controls. Considering the kind of toothpaste and brushing force, slight differences between the toothbrushes were observed in enamel, but not in dentin. Within the same toothbrush and activation mode, almost no differences between 1 and 2 N brushing force were detected. In conclusion, erosive tooth wear on primary bovine dental hard tissue mainly depends on the kind of toothpaste, rather than on the kind of toothbrush and the brushing force.
Topics: Child; Cattle; Animals; Humans; Tooth Erosion; Tooth Abrasion; Toothpastes; Toothbrushing; Dentin; Dental Enamel; Tooth Wear
PubMed: 38626124
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0302261 -
BMC Oral Health Apr 2024Peri-implant disease and health are associated with microbial dental plaque. Therefore, oral hygiene plays a role in preventing and treating these diseases. This study... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
BACKGROUND
Peri-implant disease and health are associated with microbial dental plaque. Therefore, oral hygiene plays a role in preventing and treating these diseases. This study aimed to determine the relationships among knowledge of peri-implant status, oral hygiene habits, and peri-implant disease and health.
METHODS
A total of 144 implants in nonsmokers with controlled systemic disease were included in the study. Peri-implant disease and the conditions of the implants were determined with periodontal indices and radiographs based on the 2017 World Workshop on the Classification of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases and Conditions and The EFP S3 level clinical practice guideline. Individuals were asked 66 questions regarding demographic information, oral hygiene habits and history, and knowledge of peri-implant diseases. One-way ANOVA was used to compare the three peri-implant disease and condition categories.
RESULTS
There was a significant difference between groups regarding toothpaste type (p < 0.05). Gum protection toothpaste was greater in the peri-implant health group. Patients' use of interdental products was very low; often, no products were used for implant prosthesis. There was no significant difference among the groups regarding oral hygiene product use or oral hygiene habits (p > 0.05). There was a significant difference between groups regarding frequency of visit (p < 0.05). The frequency of visits to the dentist for pain was greater for individuals with peri-implantitis. There is a significant difference between the groups' answers for the causative and initiating factors of peri-implant disease (p < 0.05). The peri-implant health group answered that microbial dental plaque is the most crucial initiating factor of peri-implant diseases, and bleeding on probing is the most critical determinant of peri-implant diseases at a higher rate than the other groups.
CONCLUSIONS
Patients' oral hygiene habits and knowledge levels are almost similar according to peri-implant status. Knowledge does not reflect a patient's oral hygiene behavior. Clinicians should ensure that individuals' oral hygiene practices align with their increased awareness regarding peri-implant illnesses.
Topics: Humans; Peri-Implantitis; Oral Hygiene; Dental Implants; Dental Plaque; Toothpastes; Habits
PubMed: 38605356
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04211-y -
Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Mar 2024The study evaluated the influence of whitening dentifrice containing activated charcoal on microhardness (MH), surface roughness (Ra) and colorimetry of tooth enamel.
BACKGROUND
The study evaluated the influence of whitening dentifrice containing activated charcoal on microhardness (MH), surface roughness (Ra) and colorimetry of tooth enamel.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A total of 60 healthy bovine incisor teeth were used and divided into: G1 (regular non-whitening toothpaste), G2 (conventional whitening toothpaste), G3 (activated charcoal based whitening toothpaste) and G4 (10% carbamide peroxide gel - PC10). Groups G1, G2 and G3 underwent simulated toothbrushing for 14 days, while G4 received bleaching treatment for the same time. The readings of MH, Ra and colorimetry were performed before any intervention (T0 - baseline) and at the end of 14 days of the proposed treatments (T1). After confirming the normality of the data, the results of MH, Ra and colorimetry were subjected to 2-factor ANOVA for repeated measures (α = 5%).
RESULTS
For MH, there were no statistical differences in G1, G2 and G3, only in G4. Considering Ra, a significant increase was observed in G2 and G3, with no statistical differences found in the other groups. Regarding colorimetry, the average color difference (ΔE) was greater in the G4 group (11.30 ± 4.31), even compared to the groups submitted to the whitening dentifrices: G2 (5.13 ± 2.75) and G3 (5.86 ± 3.66).
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that the use of a whitening toothpaste containing activated charcoal caused deleterious effects on the enamel Ra, but did not affect the microhardness of the substrate, besides promoting a color change inferior to the regular non-bleaching toothpaste or PC10 gel. Whitening dentifrice, charcoal, roughness, microhardness.
PubMed: 38600939
DOI: 10.4317/jced.60785