-
Drug Discoveries & Therapeutics Jun 2024Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium, causes inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, and serious systemic diseases, such as sepsis. In the...
Staphylococcus aureus, a Gram-positive bacterium, causes inflammatory skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis, and serious systemic diseases, such as sepsis. In the skin and nasal environment, peptidoglycan (PGN)-degrading enzymes, including lysozyme and lysostaphin, affects S. aureus PGN. However, the effects of PGN-degrading enzymes on the acute innate immune-inducing activity of S. aureus have not yet been investigated. In this study, we demonstrated that PGN-degrading enzymes induce acute silkworm hemolymph melanization by S. aureus. Insoluble fractions of S. aureus treated with lysozyme, lysostaphin, or both enzymes, were prepared. Melanization of the silkworm hemolymph caused by the injection of these insoluble fractions was higher than that of S. aureus without enzyme treatment. These results suggest that structural changes in S. aureus PGN caused by PGN-degrading enzymes affect the acute innate immune response in silkworms.
PubMed: 38925960
DOI: 10.5582/ddt.2024.01026 -
BMJ Open Jun 2024Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are more at risk for the neurodevelopmental disorders attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder...
INTRODUCTION
Children with atopic dermatitis (AD) are more at risk for the neurodevelopmental disorders attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) with parallel increases in global prevalences. Children afflicted with these conditions appear to share similar problems in sensory modulation but investigational studies on the underlying aetiology are scarce. This scoping review aims to find knowledge gaps, collate hypotheses and to summarise available evidence on the shared pathophysiology of AD, ADHD and ASD in children.
METHODS AND ANALYSIS
Our study will follow the methodological manual published by the Joanna Briggs Methodology for Scoping Reviews and will be reported in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses Extension for Scoping Reviews. The following electronic databases will be searched for studies focused on children with AD and symptoms of ADHD and/or ASD: Medline ALL via Ovid, Embase, Web of Science Core Collection and the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials via Wiley.
ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION
This review does not require ethics approval as it will not be conducted with human participants. We will only use published data. Our dissemination strategy includes peer review publication and conference reports.
Topics: Humans; Dermatitis, Atopic; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Systematic Reviews as Topic; Child; Research Design
PubMed: 38925697
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-081280 -
JMIR Dermatology Jun 2024Online patient-oriented platforms such as PatientsLikeMe (PLM) offer a venue for individuals with various diagnoses to share experiences and build community, though they...
Online patient-oriented platforms such as PatientsLikeMe (PLM) offer a venue for individuals with various diagnoses to share experiences and build community, though they may not be representative of the larger patient population. This potentially limits generalizability and raises concerns about the spread of misinformation, emphasizing the need for informed use and health care provider engagement.
Topics: Humans; Dermatology; Internet; Self-Help Groups; Social Support
PubMed: 38924778
DOI: 10.2196/50453 -
La Medicina Del Lavoro Jun 2024Contact dermatitis is a common cutaneous inflammatory condition, triggered by exposure to irritant substances or allergens. Nickel is the most prevalent allergen, a...
Contact dermatitis is a common cutaneous inflammatory condition, triggered by exposure to irritant substances or allergens. Nickel is the most prevalent allergen, a metal widely used in accessories, furniture, office materials, food and in industry, with multiple exposure pathways, making it difficult to assess which exposure is causing allergic dermatitis. Here, we report a case of an administrative worker with chronic hand eczema, limited to the radial metacarpophalangeal region of the left hand, caused by occupational exposure to nickel, confirmed by nickel deposition test on the hand and a positive test with a metallic stapler used at her workplace.
Topics: Humans; Nickel; Dermatitis, Allergic Contact; Dermatitis, Occupational; Female; Hand Dermatoses; Adult; Occupational Exposure; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38922838
DOI: 10.23749/mdl.v115i3.15931 -
Veterinary Sciences May 2024(1) Background: Dysbiosis is frequently observed in Canine Atopic Dermatitis (CAD). Antimicrobial treatment may be necessary to treat flare ups and the use of topical...
(1) Background: Dysbiosis is frequently observed in Canine Atopic Dermatitis (CAD). Antimicrobial treatment may be necessary to treat flare ups and the use of topical treatments is beneficial to prevent the development of bacterial resistance. Wipes are an easy way to apply antiseptic agents on the skin. The aim of this study was to evaluate the benefits of 3% chlorhexidine impregnated wipes (Pyoskin wipes, MP Labo, France) on local areas of dysbiosis in dogs with CAD. (2) Methods: A total of 20 dogs suffering from CAD presented with localised areas of dysbiosis were included in this study. Affected areas were cleansed with the daily application of chlorhexidine wipes once a day for 14 days. Follow-up visits were scheduled after one and two weeks. Clinical signs (lesions and pruritus), dysbiosis scored by cytological counts (cocci and ) and investigator and owner global appreciation were evaluated. (3) Results: A statistically significant decrease in clinical scores and cytological counts were observed as soon as D7 and until D14. Both owner and investigator appreciation were considered high (4) Conclusions: The use of chlorhexidine impregnated wipes is a useful and easy way to manage localised dysbiosis in atopic dogs and allows limiting of systemic medication to prevent bacterial resistance.
PubMed: 38921987
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060240 -
Veterinary Sciences May 2024The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of a gentle shampoo and a mousse containing Adelmidrol, tapioca starch and a non-prescription antimicrobial complex on...
Effects of a Protocol Combining a Non-Irritating Shampoo and an Adelmidrol-Based Adsorbent Mousse on Seborrhoea and Other Signs and Symptoms Secondary to Canine Atopic Dermatitis: A Multicenter, Open-Label Uncontrolled Clinical Trial.
The present study aimed at evaluating the effect of a gentle shampoo and a mousse containing Adelmidrol, tapioca starch and a non-prescription antimicrobial complex on seborrhoea and other clinical signs secondary to canine atopic dermatitis (cAD). Forty-six dogs with cAD-associated seborrhoea and/or pruritus > 4 cm on the pruritus visual analogue scale (P-VAS) and/or bacterial/ overgrowth were enrolled. The mousse was applied twice daily, and dogs were evaluated at days (D)0, 7, 14 and optionally 28, by means of a skin seborrheic index (SSI), P-VAS, cAD lesion index (CADLI), and a semiquantitative cytological score. The mean SSI value improved during the first two weeks (4.1 ± 0.37 to 1.9 ± 0.30; < 0.0001). The mean P-VAS score (cm) decreased from 6.6 ± 0.19 at D0 to 3.8 ± 0.31 at D14 ( < 0.0001). The mean CADLI score dropped from 13.7 ± 1.24 to 8.5 ± 1.14 at D14 ( < 0.001). The cytological score for bacteria and decreased from 3.2 ± 0.10 and 3.2 ± 0.11, respectively, to 1.2 ± 0.19 and 1.2 ± 0.24 ( < 0.0001). All the investigated signs further improved at D28. Altogether, these observations suggest that the tested protocol might be useful in managing cAD-associated signs.
PubMed: 38921976
DOI: 10.3390/vetsci11060229 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are chronic skin diseases that affect the mental health of patients. The relationship between AD and psoriasis and cognitive processes in... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Atopic dermatitis and psoriasis are chronic skin diseases that affect the mental health of patients. The relationship between AD and psoriasis and cognitive processes in patients remains unclear. The aim of the review was to answer the question of whether AD and psoriasis have an impact on cognitive decline in patients.
METHOD
A systematic literature search was conducted on PubMed and EBSCO to identify case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort studies that evaluated the association between atopic dermatitis and psoriasis and cognitive impairment.
RESULTS
Most of the studies included in the review confirmed cognitive decline in patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
CONCLUSIONS
It seems that atopic dermatitis and psoriasis may negatively affect cognitive processes such as working memory, concentration, attention, and speed of motor reactions. Psychological interventions targeting distorted cognitive processing could improve the quality of life of patients with atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
PubMed: 38921285
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12121170 -
Current Issues in Molecular Biology Jun 2024This study examines the synergistic interaction between the immunomodulatory functions of lactic acid bacteria postbiotics and the anti-inflammatory properties of L....
This study examines the synergistic interaction between the immunomodulatory functions of lactic acid bacteria postbiotics and the anti-inflammatory properties of L. extract through a combined fermentation process. Using atopic dermatitis (AD) as a model, characterized by an immune imbalance that leads to skin inflammation, we developed a fermented product, MB-2006, and compared its effects to those of the heat-killed probiotics (LAC) and (LRH). Our experiments focused on elucidating the mechanism of action of MB-2006 in AD-like HaCaT keratinocyte cells, particularly its impact on the NF-κB pathway, a pivotal regulator of inflammation. MB-2006 proved more effective in reducing inflammation markers, such as IL-4 and thymic stromal lymphopoietin (TSLP), and in inhibiting NF-κB activation compared to LAC and LRH. Significantly, MB-2006 also reduced the expression of thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), highlighting a synergistic effect that enhances its therapeutic potential. These results suggest that the combined fermentation of L. extract with lactic acid bacteria enhanced both the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects, presenting a promising integrative approach to treating conditions like AD. Further studies are needed to validate these results in clinical settings and fully explore the potential of this synergistic fermentation process.
PubMed: 38921035
DOI: 10.3390/cimb46060364 -
Gels (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common dermatological disease affecting both children and adults. No drug-free emulgel has been developed and studied in vitro and in vivo...
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a common dermatological disease affecting both children and adults. No drug-free emulgel has been developed and studied in vitro and in vivo for the treatment of AD. The aim of this study was to develop and assess the efficacy of a topical emulgel containing hyaluronic acid, glycerol, Calendula officinalis, Aloe vera, polyphenols and EGF for the concomitant treatment in patients with AD aged over 14. Objective skin barrier function parameters were included, such as transepidermal water loss (TEWL), skin temperature, pH, stratum corneum hydration, skin elasticity and erythema. The subjective opinion of the patients was determined including acceptability, absorption, comfort of use and tolerability, as well as the degree of improvement in patients' quality of life. We observed an improvement in the subjective parameters studied and statistically significant differences in the objective parameters. Specifically, we found an improvement in TEWL ( = 0.006), erythema ( = 0.008) and hydration ( < 0.001), parameters indicating an improvement in the epidermal barrier. One hundred per cent of patients were satisfied with the product. Therefore, these results suggest that the product may contribute to the treatment of AD.
PubMed: 38920917
DOI: 10.3390/gels10060370 -
Frontiers in Medicine 2024Riehl's melanosis is a pigmented dermatitis that manifests as brown-gray facial pigmentation with pigment incontinence and infiltration of cells in the upper dermis. The...
Riehl's melanosis is a pigmented dermatitis that manifests as brown-gray facial pigmentation with pigment incontinence and infiltration of cells in the upper dermis. The associated inflammation is induced by a variety of products such as drugs and cosmetics. Henna, commonly referred to as a hypoallergenic cosmetic, has been reported to cause Riehl's melanosis in some cases. Although skin depigmenting agents have been occasionally used, satisfactory results have not been obtained and no established therapeutic strategies exist to treat Riehl's melanosis. Meanwhile, picosecond lasers effectively treat other hyperpigmentation disorders. In this study, we report safe and effective treatment of henna induced-atypical Riehl's melanosis using a 755-nm picosecond Alexandrite laser. Immunohistochemical analyses revealed a potential role of CD8-positive lymphocytes in henna-induced inflammation and hyperpigmentation of the basal layer, and a role of melanophages in the pigmented dermis of Riehl's melanosis.
PubMed: 38919937
DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2024.1401938