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MicrobiologyOpen Aug 2023In medical, environmental, and industrial processes, the accumulation of bacteria in biofilms can disrupt many processes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are receiving...
In medical, environmental, and industrial processes, the accumulation of bacteria in biofilms can disrupt many processes. Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are receiving increasing attention in the development of new substances to avoid or reduce biofilm formation. There is a lack of parallel testing of the effect against biofilms in this area, as well as in the testing of other antibiofilm agents. In this paper, a high-throughput screening was developed for the analysis of the antibiofilm activity of AMPs, differentiated into inhibition and removal of a biofilm. The sulfate-reducing bacterium Desulfovibrio vulgaris was used as a model organism. D. vulgaris represents an undesirable bacterium, which is considered one of the major triggers of microbiologically influenced corrosion. The application of a 96-well plate and steel rivets as a growth surface realizes real-life conditions and at the same time establishes a flexible, simple, fast, and cost-effective assay. All peptides tested in this study demonstrated antibiofilm activity, although these peptides should be individually selected depending on the addressed aim. For biofilm inhibition, the peptide DASamP1 is the most suitable, with a sustained effect for up to 21 days. The preferred peptides for biofilm removal are S6L3-33, in regard to bacteria reduction, and Bactenecin, regarding total biomass reduction.
Topics: Antimicrobial Peptides; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Biofilms; Biomass; Corrosion
PubMed: 37642483
DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1376 -
Scientific Reports Aug 2023Animal and human feces typically include intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Hydrogen sulfide and acetate are the end products of their dissimilatory sulfate...
Animal and human feces typically include intestinal sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB). Hydrogen sulfide and acetate are the end products of their dissimilatory sulfate reduction and may create a synergistic effect. Here, we report NADH and NADPH peroxidase activities from intestinal SRB Desulfomicrobium orale and Desulfovibrio piger. We sought to compare enzymatic activities under the influence of various temperature and pH regimes, as well as to carry out kinetic analyses of enzymatic reaction rates, maximum amounts of the reaction product, reaction times, maximum rates of the enzyme reactions, and Michaelis constants in cell-free extracts of intestinal SRB, D. piger Vib-7, and D. orale Rod-9, collected from exponential and stationary growth phases. The optimal temperature (35 °C) and pH (7.0) for both enzyme's activity were determined. The difference in trends of Michaelis constants (K) during exponential and stationary phases are noticeable between D. piger Vib-7 and D. orale Rod-9; D. orale Rod-9 showed much higher K (the exception is NADH peroxidase of D. piger Vib-7: 1.42 ± 0.11 mM) during the both monitored phases. Studies of the NADH and NADPH peroxidases-as putative antioxidant defense systems of intestinal SRB and detailed data on the kinetic properties of this enzyme, as expressed by the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide-could be important for clarifying evolutionary mechanisms of antioxidant defense systems, their etiological role in the process of dissimilatory sulfate reduction, and their possible role in the development of bowel diseases.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Antioxidants; NAD; NADP; Cell Extracts; Desulfovibrio; Peroxidases; Defense Mechanisms; Sulfates
PubMed: 37626119
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-41185-3 -
Journal of Advanced Research Oct 2023The perturbations of gut microbiota could interact with excessively activated immune responses and play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC)....
INTRODUCTION
The perturbations of gut microbiota could interact with excessively activated immune responses and play key roles in the etiopathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC). Desulfovibrio, the most predominant sulfate reducing bacteria (SRB) resided in the human gut, was observed to overgrow in patients with UC. The interactions between specific gut microbiota and drugs and their impacts on UC treatment have not been demonstrated well.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to elucidate whether Desulfovibrio vulgaris (D. vulgaris, DSV) and its flagellin could activate nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptors (NLR) family of apoptosis inhibitory proteins (NAIP) / NLR family caspase activation and recruitment domain-containing protein 4 (NLRC4) inflammasome and promote colitis, and further evaluate the efficacy of eugeniin targeting the interaction interface of D. vulgaris flagellin (DVF) and NAIP to attenuate UC.
METHODS
The abundance of DSV and the occurrence of macrophage pyroptosis in human UC tissues were investigated. Colitis in mice was established by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and gavaged with DSV or its purified flagellin. NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis were evaluated in vivo and in vitro. The effects of eugeniin on blocking the interaction of DVF and NAIP/NLRC4 and relieving colitis were also assessed.
RESULTS
The abundance of DSV increased in the feces of patients with UC and was found to be associated with disease activity. DSV and its flagellin facilitated DSS-induced colitis in mice. Mechanistically, RNA sequencing showed that gene expression associated with inflammasome complex and pyroptosis was upregulated after DVF treatment in macrophages. DVF was further demonstrated to induce significant macrophage pyroptosis in vitro, depending on NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation. Furthermore, eugeniin was screened as an inhibitor of the interface between DVF and NAIP and successfully alleviated the proinflammatory effect of DVF in colitis.
CONCLUSION
Targeting DVF-induced NAIP/NLRC4 inflammasome activation and macrophage pyroptosis ameliorates UC. This finding is of great significance for exploring the gut microbiota-host interactions in UC development and providing new insights for precise treatment.
Topics: Humans; Mice; Animals; Inflammasomes; Flagellin; Desulfovibrio vulgaris; Colitis, Ulcerative; Macrophages; Calcium-Binding Proteins; CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins; Neuronal Apoptosis-Inhibitory Protein
PubMed: 37586642
DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2023.08.008 -
Microorganisms Jul 2023The relationship between the microbiota profile and exposure to stress is not well understood. Therefore, we used a rat model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS)...
The relationship between the microbiota profile and exposure to stress is not well understood. Therefore, we used a rat model of unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS) to investigate this relationship. Depressive-like behaviors were measured in Female Sprague Dawley rats using the sucrose preference test and the Porsolt swim test. Anxiety-like behaviors were measured with the light-dark box test. Fecal corticosterone, cecal microbiota (composition and organic acids), plasma gut permeability (lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, LBP) and plasma inflammation (12 cytokines) markers were measured. Atypical behaviors were observed in female rats following UCMS, but no depressive-like behaviors were observed. Circulating concentrations of cytokines granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant 1 were higher in UCMS-exposed female rats; plasma LBP and cecal organic acid levels remained unchanged. Our results reflect a resilient and adaptive phenotype for female SD rats. The relative abundance of taxa from the Clostridiales order and family did, however, correlate both positively and negatively with anxiety-like behaviors and plasma cytokine concentrations, regardless of UCMS exposure, supporting the brain-to-gut influence of mild anxiety with a microbiota profile that may involve inflammatory pathways.
PubMed: 37512945
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11071773 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases Aug 2023An 84-year-old man in Japan who had undergone endovascular aortic repair 9 years earlier had an infected aneurysm develop. We detected Desulfovibrio desulfuricans MB at...
An 84-year-old man in Japan who had undergone endovascular aortic repair 9 years earlier had an infected aneurysm develop. We detected Desulfovibrio desulfuricans MB at the site. The patient recovered after surgical debridement, artificial vessel replacement, and appropriate antimicrobial therapy. Clinicians should suspect Desulfovibrio spp. infection in similar cases.
Topics: Male; Humans; Aged, 80 and over; Desulfovibrio desulfuricans; Aneurysm; Japan
PubMed: 37486321
DOI: 10.3201/eid2908.230403 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2023Mediation by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is responsible for pyrite (FeS) formation. The origin of the Dachang tin polymetallic ore field is related to the...
Mediation by sulphate-reducing bacteria (SRB) is responsible for pyrite (FeS) formation. The origin of the Dachang tin polymetallic ore field is related to the mineralisation of submarine hydrothermal vent sediments. Here, we investigated SRB in these ores via morphological, chemical, and isotopic analyses. Polarised and scanning electron microscopy indicated that trace SRB fossils in the metal sulphide ore were present in the form of tubular, beaded, and coccoidal bodies comprising FeS and were enclosed within a pyrrhotite (FeS) matrix in the vicinity of micro-hydrothermal vents. The carbon (C), nitrogen (N), and oxygen (O) contents in the FeS synthesised by SRB were high, and a clear biological Raman signal was detected. No such signals were discerned in the peripheral FeS. This co-occurrence of FeS, FeS, and the remains of bacteria (probably chemoautotrophic bacteria) was interpreted as the coprecipitation process of SRB-mediated FeS formation, which has, to the best of our knowledge, not been reported before. Our study also illustrates that combined energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and isotopic analysis can be used as a novel methodology to document microbial-mediated processes of mineral deposition in submarine hydrothermal vent ecology on geological time scales.
Topics: Tin; China; Sulfides; Bacteria; Desulfovibrio; Sulfates
PubMed: 37468706
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38827-x -
Preventive Veterinary Medicine Aug 2023In Danish pig production, gastro-intestinal diseases account for most of the antimicrobials (AM) used in growing pigs. Diarrhoea is most frequently caused by Lawsonia...
Productivity parameters, antimicrobial consumption, and prevalence of enteric pathogens before and after intramuscular vaccination against Lawsonia intracellularis in naturally infected Danish weaner and finisher pig herds.
In Danish pig production, gastro-intestinal diseases account for most of the antimicrobials (AM) used in growing pigs. Diarrhoea is most frequently caused by Lawsonia intracellularis (LI), Brachyspira pilosicoli (BP), E coli fimbria type F4 (F4) and E. coli fimbria type F18 (F18). With a new LI vaccine available from 2019, it was relevant to investigate the effect of this vaccine in a Danish field study including both weaner and finisher sites. The aim was to evaluate the efficacy of Porcilis® Lawsonia Vet. in naturally LI-infected pig herds by comparing of productivity parameters, AM consumption and dynamics of enteric pathogens over two 6-months periods before and after LI vaccination. Further, faecal sock samples were collected from each site before and after vaccination and analysed by qPCR for excretion levels of LI, BP, F18 and F4. In total, 28 weaner and 41 finisher sites were included in the study. Vaccination reduced Feed Conversion Ratio by 0.12 Feed Unit/kg (p = 0.029) and 0.08 Feed Unit/kg (p = 0.005) in weaners and finishers, respectively. Increased Average Daily Weight Gain of 45.6 gr./day (p < 0.001) was found in the finishers. Mortality risk fell by 8.8% in weaners (RR = 0.912; p < 0.001). AM prescriptions for oral group treatments were reduced by 38.8% active compound/kg pig produced (p = 0.005) or 33.3% Weighted Animal Daily Doses per 100 animals per day in finishers (p = 0.004). LI prevalence was reduced in weaners and finishers (both p < 0.001) and BP prevalence was reduced in finishers (p = 0.043). Mean excretion levels of LI and BP decreased at weaner sites (-1.32 and -1.02 log(10) copies/gr faeces, respectively; both p < 0.001) and at finisher sites (-1.04 and -1.16 log(10) copies/gr faeces, respectively; both p < 0.001). Prevalence and excretion levels of F18 and F4 were unaffected by LI vaccination. In conclusion, vaccination against LI using Porcilis® Lawsonia Vet. improved productivity parameters, cut AM consumption, and reduced prevalence and excretion levels of LI and BP in naturally LI-infected pig herds.
Topics: Animals; Swine; Lawsonia Bacteria; Escherichia coli; Prevalence; Anti-Infective Agents; Vaccination; Vaccines; Denmark; Swine Diseases; Desulfovibrionaceae Infections
PubMed: 37451064
DOI: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2023.105973 -
Cells Jun 2023Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neuroinflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiological background. A variety of diverse factors have been... (Review)
Review
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, progressive neuroinflammatory disease with a complex pathophysiological background. A variety of diverse factors have been attributed to the propagation of inflammation and neurodegeneration in MS, mainly genetic, immunological, and environmental factors such as vitamin D deficiency, infections, or hormonal disbalance. Recently, the importance of the gut-brain axis for the development of many neurological conditions, including stroke, movement disorders, and neuroinflammatory disorders, has been postulated. The purpose of our paper was to summarize current evidence confirming the role of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS and related disorders, such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMO-SD). For this aim, we conducted a systematic review of the literature listed in the following databases: Medline, Pubmed, and Scopus, and were able to identify several studies demonstrating the involvement of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS and NMO-SD. It seems that the most relevant bacteria for the pathophysiology of MS are those belonging to , , , , , , , and , while and have been demonstrated to play a role in the pathophysiology of NMO-SD. Following this line of evidence, there is also some preliminary data supporting the use of probiotics or other agents affecting the microbiome that could potentially have a beneficial effect on MS/NMO-SD symptoms and prognosis. The topic of the gut microbiome in the pathophysiology of MS is therefore relevant since it could be used as a biomarker of disease development and progression as well as a potential disease-modifying therapy.
Topics: Humans; Multiple Sclerosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Neuromyelitis Optica; Vitamin D Deficiency; Inflammation
PubMed: 37443793
DOI: 10.3390/cells12131760 -
The Journal of Biological Chemistry Aug 2023The obligately anaerobic sulfite-reducing bacterium Bilophila wadsworthia is a common human pathobiont inhabiting the distal intestinal tract. It has a unique ability to...
The obligately anaerobic sulfite-reducing bacterium Bilophila wadsworthia is a common human pathobiont inhabiting the distal intestinal tract. It has a unique ability to utilize a diverse range of food- and host-derived sulfonates to generate sulfite as a terminal electron acceptor (TEA) for anaerobic respiration, converting the sulfonate sulfur to HS, implicated in inflammatory conditions and colon cancer. The biochemical pathways involved in the metabolism of the C2 sulfonates isethionate and taurine by B. wadsworthia were recently reported. However, its mechanism for metabolizing sulfoacetate, another prevalent C2 sulfonate, remained unknown. Here, we report bioinformatics investigations and in vitro biochemical assays that uncover the molecular basis for the utilization of sulfoacetate as a source of TEA (STEA) for B. wadsworthia, involving conversion to sulfoacetyl-CoA by an ADP-forming sulfoacetate-CoA ligase (SauCD), and stepwise reduction to isethionate by NAD(P)H-dependent enzymes sulfoacetaldehyde dehydrogenase (SauS) and sulfoacetaldehyde reductase (TauF). Isethionate is then cleaved by the O-sensitive isethionate sulfolyase (IseG), releasing sulfite for dissimilatory reduction to HS. Sulfoacetate in different environments originates from anthropogenic sources such as detergents, and natural sources such as bacterial metabolism of the highly abundant organosulfonates sulfoquinovose and taurine. Identification of enzymes for anaerobic degradation of this relatively inert and electron-deficient C2 sulfonate provides further insights into sulfur recycling in the anaerobic biosphere, including the human gut microbiome.
Topics: Humans; Alkanesulfonates; Bilophila; Sulfites; Sulfur; Taurine; Gastrointestinal Microbiome
PubMed: 37414148
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbc.2023.105010 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2023A growing number of studies implies a strong association between gut microbiota and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the causal impact between gut...
BACKGROUND
A growing number of studies implies a strong association between gut microbiota and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). However, the causal impact between gut microbiota and COPD remains unclear. As a result, we used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to investigate the connection between gut microbiota and COPD in this study.
METHODS
The largest available genome-wide association study (GWAS) of gut microbiota was obtained from the MiBioGen consortium. Summary-level dataset for COPD were obtained from the FinnGen consortium. The main analysis method for determining the causal link between gut microbiota and COPD was inverse variance weighted (IVW). Subsequently, pleiotropy and heterogeneity tests were performed to determine the reliability of the results.
RESULTS
IVW method identified 9 bacterial taxa nominally associated with the risk of COPD. Class Actinobacteria ( = 0.020), genus ( = 0.024), genus ( = 0.002) and genus ( = 0.018) were protective against COPD. In addition, order Desulfovibrionales ( = 0.011), family Desulfovibrionaceae ( = 0.039), family Peptococcaceae ( = 0.020), family Victivallaceae ( = 0.012) and genus ( = 0.017) were associated with a higher risk of COPD. No pleiotropy or heterogeneity were found.
CONCLUSION
According to the findings of this MR analysis, a causal relationship exists between certain gut microbiota and COPD. New insights into the mechanisms of COPD mediated by gut microbiota are provided.
PubMed: 37405157
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1196751