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The American Journal of Case Reports Jun 2023BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars from severe burns cause physical and psychological stress. Proper treatment, including CO₂ laser systems, can alleviate these burdens by...
BACKGROUND Hypertrophic scars from severe burns cause physical and psychological stress. Proper treatment, including CO₂ laser systems, can alleviate these burdens by enabling skin remodeling and collagen production. This study assessed the efficacy of a new laser device with 2 wavelengths (10 600 nm/1540 nm) and 2 scanning units on hypertrophic burn scar management. CASE REPORT A 34-year-old African woman sought treatment for a large hypertrophic burn scar on her right foot. The scar, formed at age 9, was complicated by infection. She underwent 2 CO₂ sessions (Scar3 scanner), followed by 3 cycles of fractional CO₂ +1540 nm laser (µScan DOT scanner) once a month, combined with topical hyaluronic acid. She also had 2 maintenance sessions with a 595-nm dye laser to prevent scar reactivation. The CO₂ and 1540 nm laser synergy improved laxity through volumetric thermal effects, causing contraction and stimulation. This led to a softer, smaller scar with less consistency. The patient experienced significant improvement in quality of life due to alleviation of pain and restored footwear comfort. CONCLUSIONS The hypertrophic burn scar was effectively treated using 10 600 nm and 1540 nm wavelengths, along with dye laser treatment for recurrence prevention.
Topics: Female; Humans; Child; Adult; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic; Treatment Outcome; Quality of Life; Carbon Dioxide; Hypertrophy; Burns; Lasers, Gas; Laser Therapy
PubMed: 37276191
DOI: 10.12659/AJCR.939022 -
The Journal of Dermatological Treatment Dec 2023Onychopapilloma is a rare benign nail tumor affecting the distal matrix and the nail bed. Currently, the only available treatment is surgical resection, which has a...
Onychopapilloma is a rare benign nail tumor affecting the distal matrix and the nail bed. Currently, the only available treatment is surgical resection, which has a recurrence rate of 20% and may lead to various complications. Here we report a new method to treat onychopapilloma with pulsed dye laser (PDL). We retrospectively analyzed 13 cases and evaluated disease classification, dermoscopic examination, laser treatment parameters, photographs before and after treatment, and treatment outcome. The site distribution of onychopapilloma was consistent with previous reports. PDL treatment was performed with 595 nm laser, with 1.5 ms pulse duration, spot diameter 3-5 mm, and 11.5-13.5 J/cm fluence. Irradiation covered the telangiectatic area up to the edge of the nail folds, with the terminal response of purpura occurrence. The overall effective rate was 77%; the effective rates for erythronychia, leukonychia, and melanonychia were 88%, 67%, and 50%, respectively. PDL treatment for onychopapilloma provides an alternative to traditional surgery with comparable effectiveness but much less risk for complications.
Topics: Humans; Lasers, Dye; Retrospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Purpura; Low-Level Light Therapy; Nail Diseases
PubMed: 37260138
DOI: 10.1080/09546634.2023.2213363 -
Journal of Burn Care & Research :... Mar 2024Currently, most burn models for preclinical testing are on animals. For obvious ethical, anatomical, and physiological reasons, these models could be replaced with...
Currently, most burn models for preclinical testing are on animals. For obvious ethical, anatomical, and physiological reasons, these models could be replaced with optimized ex vivo systems. The creation of a burn model on human skin using a pulsed dye laser could represent a relevant model for preclinical research. Six samples of excess human abdominal skin were obtained within one hour after surgery. Burn injuries were induced on small samples of cleaned skin using a pulsed dye laser on skin samples, at varying fluences, pulse numbers and illumination duration. In total, 70 burn injuries were performed on skin ex vivo before being histologically and dermato-pathologically analyzed. Irradiated burned skin samples were classified with a specified code representing burn degrees. Then, a selection of samples was inspected after 14 and 21 days to assess their capacity to heal spontaneously and re-epithelize. We determined the parameters of a pulsed dye laser inducing first, second, and third degree burns on human skin and with fixed parameters, especially superficial and deep second degree burns. After 21 days with the ex vivo model, neo-epidermis was formed. Our results showed that this simple, rapid, user-independent process creates reproducible and uniform burns of different, predictable degrees that are close to clinical reality. Human skin ex vivo models can be an alternative to and complete animal experimentation, particularly for preclinical large screening. This model could be used to foster the testing of new treatments on standardized degrees of burn injuries and thus improve therapeutic strategies.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Burns; Skin; Epidermis; Lasers, Dye; Wound Healing
PubMed: 37202124
DOI: 10.1093/jbcr/irad071 -
ACS Omega Apr 2023Myopia (nearsightedness) and presbyopia (aging eye) are the most common refractive errors of the human eye. Technology has advanced toward correcting aberration using...
Myopia (nearsightedness) and presbyopia (aging eye) are the most common refractive errors of the human eye. Technology has advanced toward correcting aberration using various surgical procedures, including laser surgery, as well as prescribing corrective lenses. Hence, the effect of various laser wavelengths on the eye has been extensively studied over the last few decades. Usually, excimer lasers are used for this purpose, which increases the cost of the procedure because they are unique and difficult to manufacture and require regular maintenance. Due to the absorption properties, visible wavelengths do not interact with the corneal layers and hence are currently not used for eye surgery. This study presents the first clinical evidence that a 532 nm laser in combination with an eye-safe fluorescein dye that is in wide clinical use in ophthalmology can be utilized for high-precision ablation purposes due to the photochemical reaction that occurs on an ex vivo porcine eye. Our results show the promise of utilizing inexpensive visible wavelength lasers in the ablation of biological tissues, reducing the high costs of ophthalmological surgical procedures, as well as in other applications.
PubMed: 37125139
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c05541 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023This paper is focused on the utilization of hybrid catalysts obtained from layered double hydroxides containing molybdate as the compensation anion (Mo-LDH) and graphene...
This paper is focused on the utilization of hybrid catalysts obtained from layered double hydroxides containing molybdate as the compensation anion (Mo-LDH) and graphene oxide (GO) in advanced oxidation using environmentally friendly HO as the oxidation agent for the removal of indigo carmine dye (IC) from wastewaters at 25 °C using 1 wt.% catalyst in the reaction mixture. Five samples of Mo-LDH-GO composites containing 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt% GO labeled as HTMo-xGO (where HT is the abbreviation used for Mg/Al in the brucite type layer of the LDH and x stands for the concentration of GO) have been synthesized by coprecipitation at pH 10 and characterized by XRD, SEM, Raman, and ATR-FTIR spectroscopy, determination of the acid and base sites, and textural analysis by nitrogen adsorption/desorption. The XRD analysis confirmed the layered structure of the HTMo-xGO composites and GO incorporation in all samples has been proved by Raman spectroscopy. The most efficient catalyst was found to be the catalyst that contained 20%wt. GO, which allowed the removal of IC to reach 96.6%. The results of the catalytic tests indicated a strong correlation between catalytic activity and textural properties as well as the basicity of the catalysts.
PubMed: 37109860
DOI: 10.3390/ma16083025 -
Romanian Journal of Ophthalmology 2023To report perioperative findings of patients with multiple failed-dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and to determine the success rate of revision external (rEx-DCR) performed...
To report perioperative findings of patients with multiple failed-dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) and to determine the success rate of revision external (rEx-DCR) performed by a modified technique. Thirty-one eyes of 31 patients (19 women, 12 men) with recurrent dacryocystitis or epiphora following at least one previous failed-DCR were assessed regarding the time from initial surgery to recurrence and revision surgery, type of primary surgery (endoscopic, transcanalicular, Ex-DCR), recurrence number, stent usage and the success rate. Relief of epiphora and positive dye test were established as functional and anatomical successes, respectively. The mean age was 43.0 years (8-78), with a mean follow-up period of 21.4 months (6-46). The mean reoperation number was 1.4 (1-5). The mean time from initial surgery to recurrence was 15.2 months (1-55) and to rEx-DCR, 19.8 months (4-65). Untouched medial canthal ligament was observed in 28 (90.3%), improper rhinostomy location in 26 (83.8%), inadequate osteotomy size in 25 (80.6%), single-anterior-flap-only in 5 (16.1%), membranous ostial scar formation in four (12.5%) and no flap in three (9.6%) patients. The success rate was 93.5%, which was lower than our primary modified Ex-DCR (99.1%). The most common reasons for recurrence were small and unsuitable osteotomy locations with intact medial canthal ligaments. "Double-mucosal flap" approach with an anterior sacco-mucosal complex suspension increases the functional success rate, and stent implantation is not obligatory if canalicular problems or small/ atrophic sacs do not exist. The knowledge of technical strategy and teaching pearls improves the success rates of primary and revision surgeries. DCR = dacryocystorhinostomy, Ex-DCR = external DCR, EE-DCR = endoscopic endonasal DCR, TC-LA-DCR = transcanalicular laser-assisted DCR.
Topics: Male; Humans; Female; Adult; Dacryocystorhinostomy; Nasolacrimal Duct; Lasers; Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases; Endoscopy; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 37089808
DOI: 10.22336/rjo.2023.4 -
Lasers in Medical Science Apr 2023The aim of this study was the evaluation of the in vitro efficacy of a carbon dioxide (CO) laser, a tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (TP/DP)...
The aim of this study was the evaluation of the in vitro efficacy of a carbon dioxide (CO) laser, a tetracalcium phosphate/dicalcium phosphate anhydrate (TP/DP) desensitizer and the combination of the desensitizer and additional CO laser irradiation as a treatment modality for cervical dentin hypersensitivity. A total of 48 dental specimens, prepared from extracted human premolars and molars, were divided into four groups: a control group, a TP/DP desensitizer paste group, a CO laser (10.600-nm wavelength) group, and a paste and laser group. The specimens were coated with nail varnish except in the marked area and were then immersed in 2% methylene blue dye for 1 h. The specimens were then washed, dried, and cut longitudinally. Thereafter, photos of 40 dentin specimens were taken and evaluated. The area of penetration was assessed and reported as percentage of the dentin surface area. Additionally eight dental specimens were examined with the aid of a scanning electron microscope and evaluated. Significant differences in the penetration depth were found for all experimental groups compared to the control group. The lowest penetration area was detected in the paste-laser group (16.5%), followed by the laser (23.7%), the paste (48.5%), and the control group (86.2%). The combined treatment of the CO laser and a TP/DP desensitizer was efficient in sealing the dentinal surface and could be a treatment option for cervical dentin hypersensitivity.
Topics: Humans; Dentin; Dentin Sensitivity; Carbon Dioxide; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Lasers
PubMed: 37069368
DOI: 10.1007/s10103-023-03767-5 -
Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Anisotropic gold nanoparticles have been recognized as promising agents for medical diagnostics and cancer therapy due to their wide functionality, photothermal effect,...
Anisotropic gold nanoparticles have been recognized as promising agents for medical diagnostics and cancer therapy due to their wide functionality, photothermal effect, and ability for optical signal amplification in the near-infrared range. In this work, a simple and rapid method for the preparation of bone-shaped gold nanoparticles coated with a dye-impregnated silica shell with an aminated surface is proposed. The possibility of further functionalization the nanostructures with a delivery vector using folic acid as an example is demonstrated. The average size of the resulting tags does not exceed 70 nm, meeting the criteria of cell endocytosis. The prepared tags exhibit surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) spectra at excitation with lasers of 632.8 and 785 nm. Cell imaging is performed on HeLa cells based on the most pronounced SERS bands as a tracking signal. The obtained images, along with scanning electron microscopy of cell samples, revealed the tendency of tags to agglomerate during endocytosis followed by the "hot spots" effect. To evaluate the toxic and proliferative effect of the nanotags, an MTT assay was performed with two HeLa and HEP G2 cell lines. The results revealed higher viability for HEP G2 cells.
PubMed: 37049360
DOI: 10.3390/nano13071267 -
Lasers in Surgery and Medicine Jul 2023Postoperative bile leakage is a common complication of hepatobiliary surgery and frequently requires procedural intervention. Bile-label 760 (BL-760), a novel...
Assessment of a novel biliary-specific near-infrared fluorescent dye (BL-760) for intraoperative detection of bile ducts and biliary leaks during hepatectomy in a preclinical swine model.
OBJECTIVES
Postoperative bile leakage is a common complication of hepatobiliary surgery and frequently requires procedural intervention. Bile-label 760 (BL-760), a novel near-infrared dye, has emerged as a promising tool for identifying biliary structures and leakage, owing to its rapid excretion and strong bile specificity. This study aimed to assess the intraoperative detection of biliary leakage using intravenously administered BL-760 compared with intravenous (IV) and intraductal (ID) indocyanine green (ICG).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Laparotomy and segmental hepatectomy with vascular control were performed on two 25-30 kg pigs. ID ICG, IV ICG, and IV BL-760 were administered separately, followed by an examination of the liver parenchyma, cut liver edge, and extrahepatic bile ducts for areas of leakage. The duration of intra- and extrahepatic fluorescence detection was assessed, and the target-to-background (TBR) of the bile ducts to the liver parenchyma was quantitatively measured.
RESULTS
In Animal 1, after intraoperative BL-760 injection, three areas of leaking bile were identified within 5 min on the cut liver edge with a TBR of 2.5-3.8 that was not apparent to the naked eye. In contrast, after IV ICG administration, the background parenchymal signal and bleeding obscured the areas of bile leakage. A second dose of BL-760 demonstrated the utility of repeated injections, confirming two of the three previously visualized areas of bile leakage and revealing one previously unseen leak. In Animal 2, neither ID ICG nor IV BL-760 injections showed obvious areas of bile leakage. However, fluorescence signals were observed within the superficial intrahepatic bile ducts after both injections.
CONCLUSIONS
BL-760 enables the rapid intraoperative visualization of small biliary structures and leaks, with the benefits of fast excretion, repeatable intravenous administration, and high-fluorescence TBR in the liver parenchyma. Potential applications include the identification of bile flow in the portal plate, biliary leak or duct injury, and postoperative monitoring of drain output. A thorough assessment of the intraoperative biliary anatomy could limit the need for postoperative drain placement, a possible contributor to severe complications and postoperative bile leak.
Topics: Swine; Animals; Fluorescent Dyes; Bile; Hepatectomy; Bile Ducts; Indocyanine Green
PubMed: 37003294
DOI: 10.1002/lsm.23661 -
Current Protocols Mar 2023The fluorescent dyes Hoechst (HO) and Chromomycin A3 (CA3) are commonly used for bivariate flow karyotyping to distinguish individual chromosomes from one another based...
The fluorescent dyes Hoechst (HO) and Chromomycin A3 (CA3) are commonly used for bivariate flow karyotyping to distinguish individual chromosomes from one another based on differences in base composition and DNA content. However, analysis of chromosomes using this fluorescent dye combination requires a flow cytometer equipped with lasers of specific wavelengths and higher power than is typical of conventional flow cytometers. This unit presents a chromosome staining technique with a dye combination of DAPI and propidium iodide (PI). Chromosomes stained using this dye combination can be analyzed on conventional flow cytometers equipped with a typical configuration of lasers and optics. © 2023 The Authors. Current Protocols published by Wiley Periodicals LLC. Basic Protocol 1: Cell culture and metaphase harvest of suspension cell line Alternate Protocol 1: Cell culture and metaphase harvest of adherent cell line Basic Protocol 2: Preparation of chromosome suspension using polyamine isolation buffer Basic Protocol 3: Staining chromosomes with DAPI and propidium iodide Alternate Protocol 2: Staining chromosomes with Hoechst and Chromomycin A3 Basic Protocol 4: Bivariate flow karyotyping on a cell analyzer Basic Protocol 5: Bivariate flow karyotyping on a cell sorter Basic Protocol 6: Purification of flow-sorted chromosomes.
Topics: Chromomycin A3; DNA; Propidium; Chromosomes; Karyotyping; Fluorescent Dyes
PubMed: 36920094
DOI: 10.1002/cpz1.718