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Lin Chuang Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai... Feb 2024This article discusses otoscopic middle ear mastoid surgery from multiple perspectives. Firstly, it discusses the indications and contraindications for surgery from the...
This article discusses otoscopic middle ear mastoid surgery from multiple perspectives. Firstly, it discusses the indications and contraindications for surgery from the nature of the lesion and the imaging manifestations; secondly, it recommends the applicable equipment and describes the surgical approach in detail; finally, it summarizes the principles of the management of the operative cavity of the mastoid process in the middle ear from the perspectives of function and reconstruction. The purpose of this article is to illustrate otoscopic middle ear mastoid surgery with the aim of providing reference or guidance for performing related surgeries.
Topics: Humans; Mastoid; Consensus; Ear, Middle; Endoscopy; Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear
PubMed: 38297860
DOI: 10.13201/j.issn.2096-7993.2024.02.003 -
JNMA; Journal of the Nepal Medical... Dec 2023Chronic otitis media is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation for the...
INTRODUCTION
Chronic otitis media is a chronic inflammation of the middle ear and mastoid cavity, with recurrent ear discharges or otorrhoea through a tympanic perforation for the past 3 months. It is a common cause of hearing impairment, disability, and poor scholastic performance and can lead to fatal intracranial infections and acute mastoiditis. This study aimed to find out the prevalence of chronic otitis media among patients visiting community-based static outreach clinics.
METHODS
A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among patients visiting the community-based static outreach clinics from 1 January 2017 to 31 December 2019. The ethical approval was taken from the Ethical Review Board. The diagnosis of chronic otitis media was done using otoscopy. The records of patients coming to outreach clinics visiting for ear, nose and throat care were reviewed using a pre-designed study proforma. A systematic random sampling method was used. The point estimate was calculated at a 95% Confidence Interval.
RESULTS
Among 385 patients, 37 (9.61%) (6.67-12.55, 95% Confidence Interval) had chronic otitis media. The mean age of patients with chronic otitis media was 27.59±13.24 years, with 28 (75.67%) patients aged between 18-60 years. Among them, 30 (81.08%) had unilateral and 34 (91.89%) had a mucosal type.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of chronic otitis media was lower than in other studies done in similar settings.
KEYWORDS
community health services; otitis media; patients; prevalence.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Cross-Sectional Studies; Otitis Media; Ear, Middle; Ear Diseases; Tympanic Membrane Perforation; Chronic Disease
PubMed: 38289754
DOI: 10.31729/jnma.8369 -
HNO Mar 2024In 1873, Hermann Schwartze and Adolf Eysell described a new surgical technique for treating mastoid disease using a mallet, chisels, and gouges of various sizes...
BACKGROUND
In 1873, Hermann Schwartze and Adolf Eysell described a new surgical technique for treating mastoid disease using a mallet, chisels, and gouges of various sizes instead of trephines or drill instruments also called "modern mastoidectomy." On the 150th jubilee of this landmark article, we pay tribute by studying the reception and implementation of mastoidectomy in the 2 years following its publication.
METHODS
The commentaries published in the otological and medical literature between the second part of 1873 to the end of 1875 were studied with an emphasis on the three specialized otological journals and the otological textbooks that existed during this period.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION
The princeps paper Ueber die künstliche Eröffnung des Warzenfortsatzes ("On the artificial opening of the mastoid process") by Hermann Schwartze and Adolf Eysell published in 1873 was rapidly disseminated in the medical literature for nearly 1 year, and then entered a phase of evaluation followed by a phase of extension and implementation, before finding its definitive place in the history of mastoid process surgery.
Topics: Humans; Mastoidectomy; Mastoid; Ear Diseases; Surgical Instruments
PubMed: 38289500
DOI: 10.1007/s00106-023-01418-3 -
Cureus Dec 2023Bezold's abscess (BA) is a rare complication of otitis media that presents as a lateral neck abscess below the mastoid tip. BA incidence has recently decreased due to...
Bezold's abscess (BA) is a rare complication of otitis media that presents as a lateral neck abscess below the mastoid tip. BA incidence has recently decreased due to early diagnosis and prompt antibiotic intervention. We present a 42-year-old male with a complicated otitis media developing a 10 cm BA. Treatment of the lesion included surgical drainage and mastoidectomy, accompanied by intravenous (IV) broad-spectrum antibiotic administration. The patient experienced no adverse events during or after surgery and was placed on postoperative observation. However, on postoperative day (POD) 2, the patient left the hospital against medical advice and did not undergo further follow-up.
PubMed: 38288217
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51298 -
Frontiers in Physiology 2023Anatomical differences between sexes in the vestibular system have been reported. It has also been demonstrated that there is a sex difference in balance control while...
The sex effect on balance control while standing on vestibular-demanding tasks with/without vestibular simulations: implication for sensorimotor training for future space missions.
Anatomical differences between sexes in the vestibular system have been reported. It has also been demonstrated that there is a sex difference in balance control while standing on vestibular-demanding tasks. In 2024, NASA expects to send the first female to the Moon. Therefore, to extend the current knowledge, this study attempted to examine whether different sexes respond differently to vestibular-disrupted and vestibular-demanding environments. A total of fifteen males and fifteen females participated in this study. The vestibular function was quantified through different SOT conditions (SOT1: baseline; SOT5: vestibular demanding by standing with blindfolded and sway reference surface). The vestibular stimulation (VS) was applied either unilaterally or bilaterally to vestibular system to induce the sensory-conflicted and challenging tasks. Thus, a total of 6 conditions (2 SOT conditions X 3 VSs: no-VS, unilateral VS, and bilateral VS) were randomly given to these participants. Three approaches can be quantified the balance control: 1) the performance ratio (PR) of center of gravity trajectories (CoG), 2) the sample entropy measure (SampEn) of CoG, and 3) the total traveling distance of CoG. A mixed three-way repeated ANOVA measure was used to determine the interaction among the sex effect, the effect of SOT, and the effect of VS on balance control. A significant sex effect on balance control was found in the PR of CoG in the anterior-posterior (AP) direction ( = 0.026) and in the SampEn of CoG in both AP and medial-lateral (ML) directions ( = 0.025, < 0.001, respectively). Also, a significant interaction among the sex effect, the effect of SOT, and the effect of VS on balance control was observed in PR of CoG in the ML direction ( < 0.001), SampEn of CoG in the AP and ML directions ( = 0.002, < 0.001, respectively), and a traveling distance in AP direction ( = 0.041). The findings in the present study clearly revealed the necessity to take sex effect into consideration while standing in vestibular-perturbed or/and vestibular demanding tasks. Also, the results in the present study could be a fundamental reference for future sensorimotor training.
PubMed: 38264329
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1298672 -
Iranian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology Jan 2024Ear symptoms of granulomatosis with polyangiitis can range from ear fullness and otalgia to conductive or sensory neural hearing loss and sudden deafness. Cochlear...
INTRODUCTION
Ear symptoms of granulomatosis with polyangiitis can range from ear fullness and otalgia to conductive or sensory neural hearing loss and sudden deafness. Cochlear implantation in these patients faces two challenges: access to the round window and control of mastoid and middle ear inflammation. The combined approach in cochlear implantation is a classic trans-facial recess approach facilitated by a trans-canal view.
CASE REPORT
In this case report, we present the "combined approach" in a 20-year-old lady with granulomatosis with polyangiitis who underwent cochlear implantation successfully using the combined approach.
CONCLUSION
Post-operative results suggest that the "combine approach" seems to be a safe, easy, and fast cochlear implantation technique for chronic otitis media with an atelectatic middle ear and retracted tympanic membrane or narrow facial recess space. It is a single-stage surgery that has no need for the obliteration of the ear and has less morbidity.
PubMed: 38259692
DOI: 10.22038/IJORL.2023.75088.3520 -
Frontiers in Neurology 2023The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the degree of high jugular bulb (HJB) and mastoid pneumatization using high-resolution computed...
PURPOSE
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the degree of high jugular bulb (HJB) and mastoid pneumatization using high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT).
METHODS
Between April 2019 and June 2022, HRCT of the temporal bone was retrospectively analyzed in 1,025 patients. By excluding the other coexistent pathologies, 113 patients with HJBs were recruited for the study. The degree of the HJBs were defined as follows: Grade I, JB situated between inferior annulus of tympanic membrane and cochlear basal turn (CBT). Grade II, JB situated between CBT and lateral semicircular canal (LSC). Grade III, JB situated above LSC. The volume of mastoid pneumatization was based on HRCT images using a 3D reconstruction.
RESULTS
There were 32 male and 81 female subjects (mean age, 41.2 ± 14.0 years; age range, 18-80 years). The male group included 16 Grade I, 28 Grade II and 6 Group III HJB subjects. The female group included 38 Grade I, 62 Grade II and 31 Group III HJB cases. In the different groups of HJB, the mastoid cell volume differences were also not statistically significant ( = 0.165). In the classification, Grade II was most common (90/181, 49.7%).
CONCLUSION
This study found no correlation between mastoid air cell volume and HJB, suggesting that HJB may not affect the mastoid air cell development and disease occurrence. These data must be considered exploratory, requiring more extensive cross-sectional studies.
PubMed: 38259651
DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1331604 -
Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2024Traumatic intracranial aneurysms (TICAs) are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all intracranial aneurysms. However, they are associated with a mortality rate of over...
Traumatic intracranial aneurysms (TICAs) are rare, accounting for less than 1% of all intracranial aneurysms. However, they are associated with a mortality rate of over 50%. The case presented herein focuses on a posterior communicating artery TICA caused by violent aggression. A 41-year-old man with massive subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), on admission to hospital, had a CT angiography that showed a ruptured left posterior communicating artery aneurysm with continuous blood loss and underwent neurosurgical cooling. The CT scan also showed fractures of the mandible, mastoid and left styloid process, as well as brain contusions caused by blows and kicks. Despite medical treatment and surgery, after four days, he died. The assault dynamics were recorded by a camera in the bar. The damage was caused by kicks to the neck and head. The forensic neuropathological examination showed the primary injury (SAH, subdural hemorrhage, cerebral contusions, head-neck fractures), as well as secondary damage following the attack (cerebral infarcts, edema, supratentorial hernia, midbrain hemorrhage). The coil was intact and well positioned. In this case, circumstantial information, medical records, and the type of injury could shed light on the mechanism of the production of a TICA. In addition, the CT angiography and histological investigations helped to distinguish a recent and traumatic aneurysm from a pre-existing one. Following precise steps, the study of aneurysms can be helpful in clarifying their traumatic origin even when the victim was taking drugs. The aim of this study is also to share the diagnostic process that we used in the forensic field for the assessment of suspected traumatic aneurysms.
PubMed: 38255080
DOI: 10.3390/healthcare12020192 -
Brazilian Journal of Otorhinolaryngology 2024The objective of this study is to demonstrate any inner ear injury caused by drilling in mastoid surgery with prestin, outer hair cell motor protein specific to the...
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to demonstrate any inner ear injury caused by drilling in mastoid surgery with prestin, outer hair cell motor protein specific to the cochlea.
METHODS
The patients with chronic otitis media requiring mastoidectomy (n = 21) and myringoplasty (n = 21) were included. Serum prestin level obtained from blood samples was measured before surgery and on postoperative days 0, 3, and 7 using Human Prestin (SLC26A5) ELISA Kit. All patients underwent the Pure Tone Audiometry (PTA) test before surgery and on the postoperative 7th day. The drilling time was also recorded for all patients who underwent mastoidectomy.
RESULTS
In both mastoidectomy and myringoplasty groups, the postoperative serum prestin levels increased on days 0 and 7 (p = 0.002, p = 0.001 and p = 0.005, p = 0.001, respectively). There was no significant difference in the serum prestin levels between the two groups, postoperatively. The PTA thresholds at day 7 did not change in either group. A significant decline at 2000 Hz of bone conduction hearing threshold in both groups and a decline at 4000 Hz in the myringoplasty group were found. There was no correlation between the drilling time and the increase of prestin levels in the postoperative day 0, 3, and 7.
CONCLUSION
Our results showed that mastoid drilling is not related to a significant inner ear injury. Although the myringoplasty group was not exposed to drill trauma, there was a similar increase in serum prestin levels as the mastoidectomy group. Also, a significant decline at 2000 Hz of bone conduction hearing threshold in both groups and a decline at 4000 Hz in the myringoplasty group were found. These findings suggest that suction and ossicular manipulation trauma can lead to an increase in serum prestin levels and postoperative temporary or permanent SNHL at 2000 and 4000 Hz.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
Level-4.
Topics: Humans; Ear, Inner; Ear, Middle; Mastoid; Myringoplasty; Tympanoplasty
PubMed: 38237483
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjorl.2023.101380