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Gels (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2023Olive oil bigels structured with monoglycerides, gelatin, and κ-carrageenan were designed for the partial substitution of pork backfat in fermented sausages. Two...
Olive oil bigels structured with monoglycerides, gelatin, and κ-carrageenan were designed for the partial substitution of pork backfat in fermented sausages. Two different bigels were used: bigel B60 consisted of 60% aqueous and 40% lipid phase; and bigel B80 was formulated with 80% aqueous and 20% lipid phase. Three different pork sausage treatments were manufactured: control with 18% pork backfat; treatment SB60 with 9% pork backfat and 9% bigel B60; and treatment SB80 with 9% pork backfat and 9% bigel B80. Microbiological and physicochemical analyses were carried out for all three treatments on 0, 1, 3, 6, and 16 days after sausage preparation. Bigel substitution did not affect water activity or the populations of lactic acid bacteria, total viable counts, , and during the fermentation and ripening period. Treatments SB60 and SB80 presented higher weight loss during fermentation and higher TBARS values only on day 16 of storage. Consumer sensory evaluation did not identify significant differences among the sausage treatments in color, texture, juiciness, flavor, taste, and overall acceptability. The results show that bigels can be utilized for the formulation of healthier meat products with acceptable microbiological, physicochemical, and organoleptic characteristics.
PubMed: 37102952
DOI: 10.3390/gels9040340 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023White spot lesions (WSLs) have long been a noteworthy complication during orthodontic treatment. Recently, an increasing number of orthodontists have found that...
White spot lesions (WSLs) have long been a noteworthy complication during orthodontic treatment. Recently, an increasing number of orthodontists have found that adolescents undergoing orthodontic treatment with clear aligners are at a higher risk of developing WSLs. The oral microbiota and metabolites are considered the etiologic and regulatory factors of WSLs, but the specific impact of clear aligners on the oral microbiota and metabolites is unknown. This study investigated the differences in the salivary microbiome and metabolome between adolescents with and without WSLs treated with clear aligners. Fifty-five adolescents (aged 11-18) with Invisalign appliances, 27 with and 28 without WSLs, were included. Saliva samples were analyzed using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UPLC-MS/MS); the data were further integrated for Spearman correlation analysis. The relative abundances of 14 taxa, including , , , , , , , , , and , were significantly higher in the WSL group than in the control group. Metabolomic analysis identified 27 potential biomarkers, and most were amino acids, including proline and glycine. The metabolites were implicated in 6 metabolic pathways, including alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism; glycine, serine and threonine metabolism; and aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis. There was a correlation between the salivary microbial and metabolomic datasets, reflecting the impact of clear aligners on the metabolic activity of the oral flora. A concordant increase in the levels of , , and some amino acids had predictive value for WSL development. In summary, when adolescents undergo long-term clear aligner therapy with poor oral hygiene habits, clear aligners can disrupt the balance of the oral microecosystem and lead to oral microbiota dysbiosis, thereby increasing the risk of developing WSLs. Our findings might contribute to the understanding of the pathogenesis of WSLs and provide candidate biomarkers for the diagnosis and treatment of WSLs associated with clear aligners.
Topics: Adolescent; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Chromatography, Liquid; Tandem Mass Spectrometry; Orthodontic Appliances, Removable; Microbiota; Bacteria; Metabolome; Amino Acids; Glycine; Dental Caries
PubMed: 37082715
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1119616 -
Annals of Laboratory Medicine Sep 2023
Topics: Humans; Micrococcaceae; Bacteremia; Catheters; Republic of Korea
PubMed: 37080756
DOI: 10.3343/alm.2023.43.5.520 -
PloS One 2023Conversion of curtilage land into cropland or grassland can have substantial effects on soil nutrition and microbial activities; however, these effects remain ambiguous....
Conversion of curtilage land into cropland or grassland can have substantial effects on soil nutrition and microbial activities; however, these effects remain ambiguous. This is the first study to compare the soil organic carbon (SOC) fractions and bacterial communities in rural curtilage, converted cropland, and grassland compared with cropland and grassland. This study determined the light fraction (LF) and heavy fraction (HF) of organic carbon (OC), dissolved organic carbon (DOC), microbial biomass carbon (MBC), and the microbial community structure by conducting a high-throughput analysis. Curtilage soil had significantly lower OC content, the DOC, MBC, LFOC and HFOC of grassland and cropland soils were 104.11%, 55.58%, 264.17%, and 51.04% higher than curtilage soil averagely. Cropland showed notably high bacterial richness and diversity, with Proteobacteria (35.18%), Actinobacteria (31.48%), and Chloroflexi (17.39%) predominating in cropland, grassland, and curtilage soil, respectively. Moreover, DOC and LFOC contents of converted cropland and grassland soils were 47.17% and 148.65% higher than curtilage soil while MBC content was 46.24% lower than curtilage soil averagely. Land conversion showed more significant effects on microbial composition than land-use differences. The abundant Actinobacteria and Micrococcaceae population and the low MBC contents indicated a "hungry" bacterial state in the converted soil, whereas the high MBC content, Acidobacteria proportion, and relative abundance of functional genes in the fatty acid and lipid biosynthesis indicated a "fat" bacterial state in cropland. This study contributes to the improvement of soil fertility and the comprehension and efficient use of curtilage soil.
Topics: Soil; Carbon; Agriculture; Bacteria; Biomass; China
PubMed: 37023077
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0283802 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are considered essential for bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis and cell wall assembly. is a representative Gram-positive bacterial...
Penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) are considered essential for bacterial peptidoglycan biosynthesis and cell wall assembly. is a representative Gram-positive bacterial species that causes bacterial canker in tomato. plays a significant role in maintaining cell morphological characteristics and stress responses in . The current study demonstrated that the deletion of commonly enhances bacterial pathogenicity in and revealed the mechanisms through which this occurs. The expression of interrelated virulence genes, including , and , were significantly upregulated in △ mutants. Compared with those in wild-type strains, exoenzyme activities, the formation of biofilm, and the production of exopolysaccharides (EPS) were significantly increased in △ mutants. It is noteworthy that EPS were responsible for the enhancement in bacterial pathogenicity, with the degree of necrotic tomato stem cankers intensifying with the injection of a gradient of EPS from . These findings highlight new insights into the role of affecting bacterial pathogenicity, with an emphasis on EPS, advancing the current understanding of phytopathogenic infection strategies for Gram-positive bacteria.
Topics: Solanum lycopersicum; Virulence; Micrococcaceae; Gram-Positive Bacteria; Biofilms; Plant Diseases
PubMed: 36982399
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065324 -
Journal of Clinical Microbiology Apr 2023Rothia, Kocuria, Arthrobacter, and Pseudoglutamicibacter are bacterial species within the family . Knowledge of human infections due to these bacteria is limited. This... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Rothia, Kocuria, Arthrobacter, and Pseudoglutamicibacter are bacterial species within the family . Knowledge of human infections due to these bacteria is limited. This study aimed to examine features of infections caused by non-Micrococcus (NMM). Findings of NMM from blood cultures and other sterile cultures from 2012 to 2021 were identified from the records of the Department of Clinical Microbiology in Region Skåne, Lund, Sweden. Medical records were retrospectively reviewed. True infection was defined as having signs of infection, no other more likely pathogen, and no other focal infection, together with two positive blood cultures or one positive blood culture and an intravascular device. A total of 197 patients with findings of NMM in blood cultures were included. Among adult patients with bacteremia, 29 patients (22%) were considered to have a true infection. Adults with true infection were significantly more likely to have malignancy (69%), leukopenia (62%), and treatment with chemotherapeutics (66%) compared to patients with contaminated samples (24%, 3%, and 8%, respectively) (0.001). A total of 31 patients had findings of NMM in other sterile cultures, and infections were considered true in joints (= 4), a pacemaker (= 1), and peritoneal dialysis fluid (= 1). Infections due to NMM occur but are rare. Growth of NMM in blood cultures should be suspected to be a true infection mainly in immunocompromised patients.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Micrococcaceae; Micrococcus; Arthrobacter; Retrospective Studies; Bacteremia
PubMed: 36946723
DOI: 10.1128/jcm.01484-22 -
Data in Brief Jun 2023is a coryneform bacterium in the family of species isolated from hostile environments are capable of producing interesting bioactive compounds, some of which may be a...
is a coryneform bacterium in the family of species isolated from hostile environments are capable of producing interesting bioactive compounds, some of which may be a new class of antibiotics Here, we present the complete genome sequence of sp. ES1 isolated from Schirmacher Oasis in East Antarctica. Genomic DNA sequencing was performed using the Illumina MiSeq sequencer. sp. ES1 has a genome size of 3,964,927 bp and a GC content of 65.73%. The raw genome sequences have been deposited in the NCBI Sequence Read Archive database under the accession number, SRR20664316.
PubMed: 36942092
DOI: 10.1016/j.dib.2023.109052 -
International Journal of Molecular... Mar 2023Medicinal plants play an important role in the discovery of new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity, thanks to their pharmacological properties. However,...
Genomic, Molecular, and Phenotypic Characterization of sp. OVS8, an Endophytic Bacterium Isolated from and Contributing to the Bioactive Compound Content of the Essential Oil of the Medicinal Plant L.
Medicinal plants play an important role in the discovery of new bioactive compounds with antimicrobial activity, thanks to their pharmacological properties. However, members of their microbiota can also synthesize bioactive molecules. Among these, strains belonging to the genera are commonly found associated with the plant's microenvironments, showing plant growth-promoting (PGP) activity and bioremediation properties. However, their role as antimicrobial secondary metabolite producers has not been fully explored. The aim of this work was to characterize the sp. OVS8 endophytic strain, isolated from the medicinal plant L., from molecular and phenotypic viewpoints to evaluate its adaptation and influence on the plant internal microenvironments and its potential as a producer of antibacterial volatile molecules (VOCs). Results obtained from the phenotypic and genomic characterization highlight its ability to produce volatile antimicrobials effective against multidrug-resistant (MDR) human pathogens and its putative PGP role as a producer of siderophores and degrader of organic and inorganic pollutants. The outcomes presented in this work identify sp. OVS8 as an excellent starting point toward the exploitation of bacterial endophytes as antibiotics sources.
Topics: Humans; Oils, Volatile; Plants, Medicinal; Origanum; Arthrobacter; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Endophytes; Genomics
PubMed: 36902273
DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054845 -
Scientific Reports Mar 2023The present study elucidates identification and characterization of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degrading novel bacterial strain, Micrococcus sp. KS2, isolated from soil...
The present study elucidates identification and characterization of dimethyl phthalate (DMP) degrading novel bacterial strain, Micrococcus sp. KS2, isolated from soil contaminated with municipal wastewater. Statistical designs were exercised to achieve optimum values of process parameters for DMP degradation by Micrococcus sp. KS2. The screening of the ten important parameters was performed by applying Plackett-Burman design, and it delivered three significant factors (pH, temperature, and DMP concentration). Further, response surface methodology involving central composite design (CCD) was implemented to examine mutual interactions among variables and achieve their optimal response. The predicted response indicated that maximum DMP degradation (99.67%) could be attained at pH 7.05, temperature 31.5 °C and DMP 289.19 mg/l. The strain KS2 was capable of degrading up to 1250 mg/l of DMP in batch mode and it was observed that oxygen was limiting factor in the DMP degradation. Kinetic modeling of DMP biodegradation indicated that Haldane model fitted well with the experimental data. During DMP degradation, monomethyl phthalate (MMP) and phthalic acid (PA) were identified as degradation metabolites. This study provides insight into DMP biodegradation process and proposes that Micrococcus sp. KS2 is a potential bacterial candidate to treat effluent containing DMP.
Topics: Micrococcus; Phthalic Acids; Biodegradation, Environmental; Kinetics; Sewage
PubMed: 36890143
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-29256-x -
Computational and Structural... 2023In this study, we investigated the change in microbiome composition of wild Sichuan takin () during winter and spring and analyzed the physiological implications for...
In this study, we investigated the change in microbiome composition of wild Sichuan takin () during winter and spring and analyzed the physiological implications for such changes. Diversity analyses of the microbiome (average 15,091 high-quality reads per sample) in 24 fecal samples (15 from winter, 9 from spring) revealed that spring samples had higher species diversity and were compositionally different from winter samples (P < 0.05). Taxonomic composition analysis showed that the relative abundance increased in spring for (2.7% vs. 0.9% in winter, P < 0.001) and (1.9% vs. 1% in winter, P < 0.05). Substantial increases in relative abundance of and were identified in spring and winter, respectively. Mann-Whitney U and ANCOM identified seven differentially abundant genera: , , 1, UCG 008, 2 and . All seven genera were significantly more abundant in spring (average 0.016-1.2%) than winter (average 0-0.16%), with the largest difference found in (1.21% in spring vs. 0.16% in winter). The other six genera were undetectable in winter. Functional prediction and pathway analysis revealed that biosynthesis of cofactors (ko01240) had the highest gene count ratios in the winter, followed by the two-component system (ko02020). Seasonal variation affects the gut microbiomes in wild Sichuan takins, with winter associated with lower species diversity and spring with enrichment of cellulose-degrading genera and phytopathogens. Such changes were crucial in their adaptation to the environment, particularly the difference in food abundance.
PubMed: 36814720
DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2022.12.035