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Pilot and Feasibility Studies May 2024Paediatric oncology/haematology patients and their families are confronted with a life-threatening situation for which music therapy can be a cross-linguistic field of...
Interaction-focused music therapy with cancer-affected children and their significant others: a randomized controlled feasibility study with subsequent intervention (INMUT).
BACKGROUND
Paediatric oncology/haematology patients and their families are confronted with a life-threatening situation for which music therapy can be a cross-linguistic field of action. The creative act of making music together offers the possibility to strengthen competences and make conflicts tangible. Besides its complementing of evidence-based biomedical care, there is little research on the feasibility and efficacy of interactive music therapy including the diagnosed child and their significant others.
METHODS
We conducted an assessor blind, prospective, multicentric feasibility randomized controlled trial (RCT) with subsequent intervention. Including overall 52 child-significant other dyads, INMUT investigates interaction-focused music therapy with cancer-affected children and their significant others (INMUT-KB; n = 21) compared to music therapy only with the child (MUT-K; n = 21) and a wait-list group (WLG; n = 10). The measurement points include the screening for a cancer diagnosis, psychometric baseline (pre-T1), initial assessment (T1/T2), music therapy sessions (T3-T9), final assessment (T10), final psychometric evaluation (post-T10), and 3-month follow-up (cat-T11). Feasibility and acceptability of the (1) research methodology, (2) intervention and (3) estimation of effect sizes will be assessed using qualitative and quantitative data. The proposed primary outcome includes the parent-child interaction (APCI), and the proposed secondary outcomes refer to subjective goal achievement (GAS), quality of life (KINDL), system-related functional level (EXIS), psychosocial stress (BAS), psychosomatic complaints (SCL-9k), and resources (WIRF). We plan to investigate the efficacy of INMUT-KB and MUT-K post-intervention (post-T10) within the RCT design and at 3-month follow-up (cat-T11).
DISCUSSION
This study will provide insights into the feasibility of INMUT and the final sample needed for a confirmatory RCT. We will reflect on successfully implemented study procedures and, if necessary, provide recommendations for changes considering the design, procedures, measures, and statistical analyses. The discussion will conclude with an evaluation whether a confirmatory RCT is worth the investment of future resources, including the calculated number of child-significant other dyads needed based on the efficacy trends derived from this feasibility study.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05534282; date of registration: June 23, 2022.
PubMed: 38807165
DOI: 10.1186/s40814-024-01490-8 -
BMC Oral Health May 2024The purpose of this study was to test how musical flow using baroque (BM) and classical era music (CM) as a non-pharmacological therapy can control anxiety and pain... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to test how musical flow using baroque (BM) and classical era music (CM) as a non-pharmacological therapy can control anxiety and pain levels among patients undergoing IPI (Immediate post-extraction implants).
METHODS
78 patients who required an IPI were enrolled in this randomized clinical trial. Each patient was assigned to one of the three experimental groups with a simple randomization: Group I (n = 26) listened to BM; Group II (n = 27) listened to CM; and Group III (n = 25) did not listen to music and was the control group (C). The physiological dependent variables analyzed were systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2). The psychological dependent variable analyzed was modified dental anxiety scale (MDAS) and visual analogue scale (VAS), measured before and after surgery. In all cases, the level of statistical significance was set at p < 0.01.
RESULTS
Statistically significant differences were found in the SBP decrease in the CM group (p = 0.001, CI = 1.9716-6.5840) and the BM group (p = 0.003, CI = 1.4450-6.4396). Anxiety levels during the intervention decreased in both groups that listened to music: BM group (p = 0.002, CI = 0.645-2.662) and CM group (p = 0.000, CI = 1.523-3.884).
CONCLUSIONS
Patients undergoing IPI placement surgery can register lower levels of SBP when listening to BM and CM than patients who were not exposed to the musical flow, improving their anxiety levels.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Prospective Studies; Music Therapy; Middle Aged; Dental Anxiety; Adult; Immediate Dental Implant Loading; Music; Heart Rate; Pain Measurement; Blood Pressure; Aged; Pain, Postoperative
PubMed: 38807113
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04366-8 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024In modern times there is increasing acceptance that music-based interventions are useful aids in the clinical treatment of a range of neurological and psychiatric... (Review)
Review
In modern times there is increasing acceptance that music-based interventions are useful aids in the clinical treatment of a range of neurological and psychiatric conditions, including helping to reduce the perception of pain. Indeed, the belief that music, whether listening or performing, can alter human pain experiences has a long history, dating back to the ancient Greeks, and its potential healing properties have long been appreciated by indigenous cultures around the world. The subjective experience of acute or chronic pain is complex, influenced by many intersecting physiological and psychological factors, and it is therefore to be expected that the impact of music therapy on the pain experience may vary from one situation to another, and from one person to another. Where pain persists and becomes chronic, aberrant central processing is a key feature associated with the ongoing pain experience. Nonetheless, beneficial effects of exposure to music on pain relief have been reported across a wide range of acute and chronic conditions, and it has been shown to be effective in neonates, children and adults. In this comprehensive review we examine the various neurochemical, physiological and psychological factors that underpin the impact of music on the pain experience, factors that potentially operate at many levels - the periphery, spinal cord, brainstem, limbic system and multiple areas of cerebral cortex. We discuss the extent to which these factors, individually or in combination, influence how music affects both the quality and intensity of pain, noting that there remains controversy about the respective roles that diverse central and peripheral processes play in this experience. Better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie music's impact on pain perception together with insights into central processing of pain should aid in developing more effective synergistic approaches when music therapy is combined with clinical treatments. The ubiquitous nature of music also facilitates application from the therapeutic environment into daily life, for ongoing individual and social benefit.
PubMed: 38800683
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1361857 -
MedRxiv : the Preprint Server For... May 2024No effective therapies exist to prevent degeneration from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease. Therapies integrating music and/or dance are promising...
BACKGROUND
No effective therapies exist to prevent degeneration from Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) to Alzheimer's disease. Therapies integrating music and/or dance are promising as effective, non-pharmacological options to mitigate cognitive decline.
OBJECTIVE
To deepen our understanding of individuals' relationships (i.e., histories, experiences and attitudes) with music and dance that are not often incorporated into music- and dance-based therapeutic design, yet may affect therapeutic outcomes.
METHODS
Eleven older adults with MCI and five of their care partners/ spouses participated (4M/12F; Black: n=4, White: n=10, Hispanic/ Latino: n=2; Age: 71.4±9.6). We conducted focus groups and administered questionnaires that captured aspects of participants' music and dance relationships. We extracted emergent themes from four major topics, including: (1) experience and history, (2) enjoyment and preferences, (3) confidence and barriers, and (4) impressions of music and dance as therapeutic tools.
RESULTS
Thematic analysis revealed participants' positive impressions of music and dance as potential therapeutic tools, citing perceived neuropsychological, emotional, and physical benefits. Participants viewed music and dance as integral to their lives, histories, and identities within a culture, family, and/ or community. Participants also identified lifelong engagement barriers that, in conjunction with negative feedback, instilled persistent low self-efficacy regarding dancing and active music engagement. Questionnaires verified individuals' moderately-strong music and dance relationships, strongest in passive forms of music engagement (e.g., listening).
CONCLUSIONS
Our findings support that individuals' music and dance relationships and the associated perceptions toward music and dance therapy may be valuable considerations in enhancing therapy efficacy, participant engagement and satisfaction for individuals with MCI.
PubMed: 38798436
DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.09.24307114 -
Asian Journal of Psychiatry Jul 2024Traditional healing considers a holistic approach when diagnosing and treating patients for mental ailments, and is the preferred approach globally. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Traditional healing considers a holistic approach when diagnosing and treating patients for mental ailments, and is the preferred approach globally.
OBJECTIVE
This review documented traditional healing approaches for treatment of schizophrenia used in different regions globally.
METHODS
PICO framework was used to facilitate literature search from Google Scholar, PubMed, Medline, Cochrane, Scopus, APA PsycINFO, and Web search. Studies documenting methods of treatment from the perspective of traditional healers, patients and/or caregivers were included and also studies which investigated herbal plants used in traditional healing in vitro and in vivo were included. Review articles, magazine/newspaper articles, editorials, letters, comments/opinion articles, and articles with inaccessible full text were excluded. The risk of bias was assessed using MMAT and SYRCLE tools. University Capacity Development Programme funded this review.
RESULTS
74 articles were included, these documented traditional healing practices used in Africa, Asia, America, Europe, and Oceania. Common approach globally was herbal medicine. Other reported methods included faith-based healing, consultation with the ancestors, performing rituals, acupuncture, and music and yoga therapies. Inhumane approaches included starving, beating, cutting and confining patients. In some cases, traditional healing was used as adjunctive treatment. The overall risk of bias for studies in this review was low.
CONCLUSION
Traditional healing contributes in bridging the treatment gap for schizophrenia in developing countries. However, there is a lack of standardisation of the approaches employed in the different regions, and the safety and effectiveness of some of these approaches remain questionable.
Topics: Humans; Schizophrenia; Medicine, Traditional; Phytotherapy
PubMed: 38797088
DOI: 10.1016/j.ajp.2024.104081 -
Journal of Personalized Medicine May 2024Numerous previous studies have shown the effectiveness of music therapy in enhancing cognitive functions in patients with dementia. Despite this, robust evidence in this...
Numerous previous studies have shown the effectiveness of music therapy in enhancing cognitive functions in patients with dementia. Despite this, robust evidence in this field, especially concerning the comparison of different music therapy types, is lacking. Therefore, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focusing on music therapy and cognitive functions in dementia patients, termed by "music" AND "dementia" OR "Alzheimer's disease" AND "cognitive", were identified from primary electronic databases to conduct this network meta-analysis (NMA). The primary outcome focused on the impact on cognitive functions, and the secondary outcome was the comparison of dropout rates between the intervention groups and the usual care control groups. Standardized mean difference (SMD) values and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were computed for effect evaluation. This study protocol has been registered in IPLASY (INPLASY202430082). A total of 14 RCTs with 1056 participants were enrolled, examining interventions including Active Music Therapy (AMT), Active Music Therapy with Singing (AMT + Sing), Rhythmic Music Therapy (RMT), Listening to Music (LtM), and Singing (Sing). The results indicated that RMT, AMT + Sing, and AMT all significantly improve cognitive functions in dementia patients, of which the SMD were 0.76 (95% CI = 0.32-1.21), 0.79 (95% CI = 0.03-1.49), and 0.57 (0.18-0.96), respectively. Compared with the control group (usual care), no music therapy type was associated with an increased dropout risk. In conclusion, music therapy can improve cognitive functions in patients with dementia without increasing the risk of dropout, particularly RMT, AMT + Sing, and AMT.
PubMed: 38793079
DOI: 10.3390/jpm14050497 -
Children (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024The role of music in the NICU continues to evolve, with recent studies documenting the positive impact of music therapy for hospitalized infants and families. With many...
BACKGROUND
The role of music in the NICU continues to evolve, with recent studies documenting the positive impact of music therapy for hospitalized infants and families. With many potential benefits and no substantial adverse effects reported to date in medically stable infants, we aimed to create a clinical guideline to integrate this therapy into the NICU operations.
METHODS
we launched and implemented a pilot music therapy clinical program within a subunit of a level-III NICU, building upon available evidence.
RESULTS
In this report, we describe our experience with initial program development and early outcomes in terms of population served, frequency of music therapy, and therapeutic modalities employed to implement service delivery.
CONCLUSION
we highlight the importance of establishing practices that are aligned with currently available data and recommendations, in order to facilitate delivery of a safe, evidence-based, meaningful therapeutic experience with monitoring of preliminary effects of the therapy on all those involved in the experience.
PubMed: 38790528
DOI: 10.3390/children11050533 -
PloS One 2024Listening to music is a crucial tool for relieving stress and promoting relaxation. However, the limited options available for stress-relief music do not cater to...
Listening to music is a crucial tool for relieving stress and promoting relaxation. However, the limited options available for stress-relief music do not cater to individual preferences, compromising its effectiveness. Traditional methods of curating stress-relief music rely heavily on measuring biological responses, which is time-consuming, expensive, and requires specialized measurement devices. In this paper, a deep learning approach to solve this problem is introduced that explicitly uses convolutional neural networks and provides a more efficient and economical method for generating large datasets of stress-relief music. These datasets are composed of Mel-scaled spectrograms that include essential sound elements (such as frequency, amplitude, and waveform) that can be directly extracted from the music. The trained model demonstrated a test accuracy of 98.7%, and a clinical study indicated that the model-selected music was as effective as researcher-verified music in terms of stress-relieving capacity. This paper underlines the transformative potential of deep learning in addressing the challenge of limited music options for stress relief. More importantly, the proposed method has profound implications for music therapy because it enables a more personalized approach to stress-relief music selection, offering the potential for enhanced emotional well-being.
Topics: Humans; Music; Stress, Psychological; Neural Networks, Computer; Music Therapy; Deep Learning; Male; Female; Adult; Sound Spectrography; Young Adult
PubMed: 38787824
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0300607 -
Behavioral Sciences (Basel, Switzerland) Apr 2024The purpose of this inquiry was to test the new 'Music Therapy Assessment for Older Adults' (MTAOA) tool in Canada and the United States, and to establish its content...
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this inquiry was to test the new 'Music Therapy Assessment for Older Adults' (MTAOA) tool in Canada and the United States, and to establish its content and predictive utility.
METHODS
A pilot study using an explanatory descriptive methods design was chosen; = 18 music therapists completed an online survey about their experiences in administering the assessment and 50% ( = 9) were invited for a follow-up interview.
RESULTS
The results indicated that the MTAOA was a beneficial assessment tool that contained relevant domains (89%) to develop a music therapy treatment plan; 89% of music therapists also noted they would continue to use and recommend the MTAOA. The data produced beneficial information that were used to revise the assessment form to ensure inclusive language and reduce any potential inherent or unconscious biases.
CONCLUSIONS
Future research is needed to assess the utility of the revised MTAOA in other global regions where music therapists work with older adults.
PubMed: 38785845
DOI: 10.3390/bs14050354 -
Frontiers in Psychology 2024Many autistic children experience motor skill deficits which can impact other areas of functioning, and research on therapeutic interventions for motor skills in autism...
BACKGROUND
Many autistic children experience motor skill deficits which can impact other areas of functioning, and research on therapeutic interventions for motor skills in autism is in a preliminary stage. Music-based therapies have been used extensively to address motor skills in non-autistic populations. Though a handful of studies exist on the effects of music-based therapies for movement in autistic children, none have investigated the possibility of administering sessions via telehealth. This mixed-methods pilot study investigated whether nine Neurologic Music Therapy (NMT) sessions via telehealth would improve motor and attention skills in autistic children.
METHODS
Five autistic children between five and 10 years of age participated in the study, with support from their caregivers. Motor skills were assessed using the Bruininks-Oseretsky Test of Motor Proficiency second edition, short form (BOT-2 SF), and a selective attention and sustained attention task were taken from the Test of Everyday Attention for Children, Second Edition (TEA-Ch2). Caregivers and the two neurologic music therapists involved in the study provided qualitative input about the perceived effectiveness of telehealth NMT for the children involved. Their responses were analyzed using qualitative content analysis. Caregivers also filled out a Sensory Profile 2 assessment prior to the onset of sessions so that each child's sensory profile could be compared to their motor and attention results.
RESULTS
Statistically significant improvements in motor skills were observed between pre-test assessment and a two-week follow-up assessment. Results from attention test scores were not significant. Caregivers and neurologic music therapists generally perceived sessions positively and noted the importance of having caregivers actively involved. When compared with individual progress on the BOT-2 SF assessment, sensory profile results revealed that children with fewer sensory sensitivities tended to improve the most on motor skills. The improvements in motor skills and positive caregiver and therapist views of telehealth indicate that NMT motor interventions administered via telehealth are a promising avenue of therapeutic support for movement skill development in autistic children.
PubMed: 38778884
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1355942