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Dental Materials Journal Jun 2024No effective technique exists for removing adhesive remnants following bracket debonding. We propose that fluorescence imaging using europium ions (Eu) offers an...
No effective technique exists for removing adhesive remnants following bracket debonding. We propose that fluorescence imaging using europium ions (Eu) offers an effective solution for minimizing iatrogenic enamel damage. This study aimed to assess the impact of different mixing ratios of monomer mixtures on the photoluminescence and flexural properties of a newly developed fluorescent adhesive. Four monomer blends with varying urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) to triethylene glycol dimethacrylate (TEGDMA) ratios were prepared and polymerized. The blends contained 0.1 wt% of tris(1,3-diphenyl-1,3-propanedionato)(1,10-phenanthroline) Eu(III), [Eu(DBM)Phen], as the phosphor. Optical measurements and flexural tests were conducted for each resin specimen. The emission spectra exhibited narrow bands corresponding to the 4f-4f transitions of the Eu ions. The photoluminescence properties remained unaffected by the mixing ratio, whereas the mechanical properties tended to improve with higher UDMA content. We conclude that the Eu(DBM)Phen-containing resin shows promise as a fluorescent orthodontic adhesive that contributes to preserving enamel health.
PubMed: 38925979
DOI: 10.4012/dmj.2023-319 -
Dentistry Journal Jun 2024This in vitro study assessed the effect of different primers on the shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic brackets bonded to...
This in vitro study assessed the effect of different primers on the shear bond strength (SBS) and adhesive remnant index (ARI) of orthodontic brackets bonded to reinforced polyetheretherketone (PEEK) substrate. A total of 40 specimens were randomly distributed to two groups based on the primer used for orthodontic bonding: group 1 (control)-Transbond XT adhesive with Visio.link primer and group 2 (test)-orthodontic adhesive (Transbond XT) with traditional orthodontic primer. After bonding, specimens were thermocycled followed by SBS testing and ARI scoring of debonded specimens. Data were analyzed using the unpaired independent -test and the Chi-square test. Group 1 specimens showed significantly higher SBS values (21.38 ± 1.48 MPa) compared to group 2 specimens (18.63 ± 1.29 MPa) ( < 0.0001). Adhesive remnant index scores showed no significant variations in bond failure modes and distributions between groups. The SBS obtained by the tested primers exceeded the clinically recommended value. Consequently, there is a comparable clinical application for both tested primers in orthodontic bonding, especially the traditional orthodontic primer, where the availability of Visio.link in clinical practice is not ensured.
PubMed: 38920889
DOI: 10.3390/dj12060188 -
Cureus May 2024The development of ceramic brackets in orthodontics three decades ago emerged as a response to the increasing patient demand for less visible orthodontic... (Review)
Review
The development of ceramic brackets in orthodontics three decades ago emerged as a response to the increasing patient demand for less visible orthodontic appliances. While these brackets provide superior aesthetics, they are characterized by lower fracture toughness and higher bond strength in contrast to metal brackets. These properties present challenges during the debonding step, including the risk of enamel micro-fractures and cracks. Historically, various strategies have been developed to address challenges associated with debonding, reduce patient discomfort, and ensure that the bond failure site is confined to the bracket-adhesive interface. This included the use of specially designed debonding pliers, electrothermal debonding, ultrasonic technique, and chemical agents. Recently, there has been a shift towards utilizing different types of laser irradiation for this purpose. The burgeoning strategy, however, requires diligent scientific scrutiny to establish a standardized protocol with particular laser parameters and ultimately achieve the goal of enhancing the patient experience by reducing discomfort. This article offers a narrative review of laser-aided debonding of ceramic brackets, aimed at comparing different laser types, presenting their benefits and downsides, validating the efficiency of each method, and summarizing the published literature on this subject. It also provides insights for orthodontists on reducing patient discomfort that usually accompanies debonding ceramic brackets by delving into the science behind the use of lasers for this purpose.
PubMed: 38915986
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61050 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024Failure of orthodontic bracket bonds is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. This study investigated the impact of Er: YAG laser-based removal of adhesive... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Failure of orthodontic bracket bonds is a common occurrence during orthodontic treatment. This study investigated the impact of Er: YAG laser-based removal of adhesive from the bases of metal and ceramic brackets for re-bonding.
METHODS
A total of 168 extracted premolars were collected from patients. 84 metal brackets were used to be bonded on the buccal surface of the premolars in Groups 1, 2, 3 and 4, while 84 ceramic brackets were applied in Groups I, II, III and IV. Group 1/I represented the initial bonding group, with Group 2/II being the re-bonding group with new brackets, while Groups 3/III and 4/ IV received recycled brackets treated by Er: YAG laser or flaming respectively. Both the first and second de-bonding were performed in all samples using a universal testing machine to determine the shear bond strength (SBS). The adhesive remnant index (ARI) was evaluated using a stereo-microscope. The new and the treated bracket bases were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Differences in initial bonding and re-bonding ability were analyzed through one-way ANOVAs, and differences in ARI were assessed with the Kruskal-Wallis test.
RESULTS
Greater amounts of adhesive residue were observed on ceramic brackets treated by laser. The SBS values for recycled metal brackets in Group 3 (26.13 MPa) were comparable to Group 1 (23.62 MPa) whereas they differed significantly from Group 4 (12.54 MPa). No significant differences in these values were observed when comparing the 4 groups with ceramic brackets. ARI score in Group 4 (2-3 points) differed significantly from the three other groups (P < 0.05). For Group I, II, III and IV, similar ARI scores were observed (P > 0.05). SEM analysis didn't show apparent damage of bracket bases consisting of either metal or ceramic material treated by Er: YAG laser.
CONCLUSIONS
Er: YAG laser treatment was superior to flame treatment as a means of removing adhesive without damaging the brackets. SBS values and ARI scores following Er: YAG laser treatment were similar to those for new brackets, offering further support for Er: YAG laser treatment as a viable means of recycling debonded brackets.
Topics: Orthodontic Brackets; Lasers, Solid-State; Humans; Dental Bonding; Ceramics; Dental Debonding; Shear Strength; Dental Stress Analysis; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Materials Testing; Surface Properties; Bicuspid; Dental Alloys; Resin Cements
PubMed: 38902669
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04504-2 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) May 2024CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) is an imaging investigation that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial structures. The purpose of this study is to...
CBCT (cone beam computed tomography) is an imaging investigation that provides three-dimensional (3D) images of craniofacial structures. The purpose of this study is to determine the mechanical behavior of an orthodontic system where the lingual treatment technique was used in a 25-year-old female patient from whom a set of CBCT scans was used. CBCT images were processed through software programs such as Invesalius, Geomagic, and Solid Works, to create models containing virtual solids. These models were then imported into Ansys Workbench 2019 R3 (a finite element method software program) for successive simulations to generate displacement maps, deformations, stress distributions, and diagrams. We observed that in the lingual technique, the lowest force occurring on the maxillary teeth is at 1.1, while the highest force appears at 2.3. In the mandible, the lowest force occurs at 4.6, and the highest force at 3.1. The values of the forces and the results of the finite element method can represent a basis for the innovation of new orthodontic springs and also of bracket elements. Thus, by using new technologies, orthodontic practice can be significantly improved for the benefit of patients. Other virtual methods and techniques can be used in future studies, including the application of virtual reality for orthodontic diagnosis.
PubMed: 38893697
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics14111171 -
BioMed Research International 2024To evaluate the enamel bonding ability and orthodontic adhesive resin degree of conversion using the experimental bracket design. . Thirteen bovine teeth were used in...
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the enamel bonding ability and orthodontic adhesive resin degree of conversion using the experimental bracket design. . Thirteen bovine teeth were used in the study. The experimental bracket was modified with a translucent region in the center of its body. After enamel etching, Orthocem orthodontic adhesive (FGM, Joinville, Brazil) was applied on the bracket base for bonding. The groups were divided as follows ( = 10 per group): (1) control (CB) with standard brackets and (2) spot bracket (SB) with experimental brackets featuring a 0.8 mm translucent region at the center using carbide bur. Shear bond strength (SBS) was evaluated after 24 hours in a universal testing machine and adhesive remnant index (ARI). The degree of conversion (DC) was analyzed using Raman spectroscopy ( = 3 per group). Data were then analyzed using Student's -test and Mann-Whitney statistical methods.
RESULTS
The SB group exhibited a higher mean SBS (10.33 MPa) compared to the CB Group (8.77 MPa). However, there was no statistical difference between the groups ( = 0.376). Both SB and CB groups had a mean ARI score of 1. Raman analysis revealed a higher degree of conversion in the SB group (49.3%) compared to the CB group (25.9%).
CONCLUSIONS
The experimental support showed a higher degree of adhesive conversion, although there was no significant increase in bond strength.
Topics: Orthodontic Brackets; Animals; Cattle; Dental Bonding; Dental Enamel; Composite Resins; Shear Strength; Polymerization; Materials Testing; Dental Cements; Resin Cements
PubMed: 38884017
DOI: 10.1155/2024/7457900 -
Case Reports in Dentistry 2024Root resorption is a commonly recognized risk of orthodontic treatment and can range from minimal changes at the apex to aggressive and extensive erosion of tooth...
Root resorption is a commonly recognized risk of orthodontic treatment and can range from minimal changes at the apex to aggressive and extensive erosion of tooth structure. The following report is aimed at presenting a rare case of idiopathic aggressive preeruptive root resorption in a maxillary second premolar of a young child prior to orthodontic force. During phase I orthodontic treatment, the maxillary premolar required surgical exposure with a bracket and chain to assist in its eruption. Before the exposure, a cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) was captured to aid in localizing the premolar and its relationship to vital structures. In addition to identifying relevant anatomy, the image also revealed an incidental finding of extensive external cervical root resorption. The risks, benefits, prognosis, and alternatives of continuing with surgical exposure of the affected premolar were presented to the guardian. The informed and consented decision was made to continue with the exposure and subsequent orthodontic treatment to align the tooth in the arch. Upon eruption to the occlusal plane, the tooth was amenable to endodontic pulp vitality testing, Endo Ice, and a follow-up CBCT. It was determined that there was advanced aggressive progression of the resorptive process. The Patel Classification 3Cd/Class 4 Heithersay ECR diagnosis and a poor prognosis ultimately resulted in the extraction of the tooth. Management of this case highlights a number of important clinical features including the rarity of advanced preeruptive idiopathic external cervical root resorption, a multidisciplinary approach (orthodontic, endodontic, and surgical) to diagnose and manage the ECR, and the importance of prescribing and acquisition of appropriate imaging to aid in the early diagnosis of the entity. This case report will add to the body of knowledge of a rare incidence of advanced ECR on a young patient with a nontraumatized, unerupted maxillary second premolar.
PubMed: 38884009
DOI: 10.1155/2024/6590778 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Tooth movement in orthodontic therapy is connected to the frictional force that is created as the wire passes over the bracket. It is possible for teeth to move quickly...
Tooth movement in orthodontic therapy is connected to the frictional force that is created as the wire passes over the bracket. It is possible for teeth to move quickly when friction is at a minimum. Wires coated with nanoparticles have been found to reduce friction as a result of current developments in the orthodontics sector. Having an antimicrobial property is an added benefit. To reduce the friction generated by brackets, wires, and bands by lessening their cytotoxicity, this study examines the potential use of TiO2 nanoparticles in orthodontics. A monolayer of L929 was utilized in an indirect cytotoxicity test to evaluate the cytotoxicity of the coated orthodontic wire. The absence of reactive zones in our sample data demonstrates that TiO2 is not cytotoxic. Considering the results of our study, we conclude that TiO2 is secure for use as a coating for orthodontic devices.
PubMed: 38882869
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_824_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024Nano-coating of orthodontic brackets with a combination or hybrid of metals and metal oxides may reduce the streptococcus mutans count and incidence of enamel...
Nano-coating of orthodontic brackets with a combination or hybrid of metals and metal oxides may reduce the streptococcus mutans count and incidence of enamel decalcification seen around brackets in patients undergoing fixed orthodontic treatment. In total, 255 orthodontic brackets (3M Unitek, Monrovia, California, USA) were divided into one control group (group I) of 60 and three experimental groups of 65 each (groups II, III, and IV). The experimental group brackets were coated with a combination of silver-zinc oxide, copper oxide -zinc oxide, and silver-copper oxide nanoparticles using physical vapour deposition method. The two nanoparticles used for each group were mixed in the ratio of 1:1 by weight for providing a uniform hybrid coating. Sixty brackets from each group were used for microbiological evaluation of antibacterial activity against Streptococcus mutans in blood agar medium, and the remaining five brackets from each experimental group were used for SEM analysis to check the uniformity of the coating. Nano-coated brackets demonstrated better antibacterial properties than uncoated brackets. Copper oxide-zinc oxide nanoparticles coated brackets demonstrated better antibacterial properties than the silver-zinc oxide and silver- copper oxide coated brackets.
PubMed: 38882773
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_1190_23 -
Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Apr 2024In this, study's objective is to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets that have been adhered to enamel using a conventional...
AIM
In this, study's objective is to assess the shear bond strength (SBS) of metal and ceramic orthodontic brackets that have been adhered to enamel using a conventional acid etch/primer and self-etching primer (SEP) adhesive method.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
One hundred excised human premolars were bonded on brackets and were divided into group 1 -Metal brackets were bonded on teeth and group 2 -Ceramic brackets were bonded on teeth. These two groups were further subdivided: subgroup 1a - 25 metal brackets bonded using conventional acid etch/primer adhesive system, subgroup 1b - 25 metal brackets bonded using SEP, subgroup 2a - 25 ceramic brackets bonded using conventional acid etch/primer adhesive system, and subgroup 2b - 25 ceramic brackets bonded using SEP; brackets were debonded using a computerized Instron universal testing machine.
RESULTS
The mean value of SBS of metal and ceramic brackets bonded using conventional acid etch/primer adhesive systems had higher SBS than those bonded using SEP. SBS ranged from 7.95 to 12.24 MPa which was in the acceptable clinical range.
CONCLUSION
SBS values of all four subgroups exceeded the range of 6-8 MPa observed to be acceptable for routine clinical use.
PubMed: 38882726
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_386_23