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Cureus Dec 2023is a commensal microorganism found in the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of mammals and birds and it rarely affects humans. Human...
is a commensal microorganism found in the mucous membranes of the upper respiratory and digestive tracts of mammals and birds and it rarely affects humans. Human pasteurellosis typically results from infection through bites or scratches from animals, with dogs and cats being the most common sources. However, various vertebrates, such as rats, rabbits, tigers, and lions, can also transmit the infection. We report a case involving a young woman who developed a hand phlegmon on her right forearm following a rare and unusual human bite during a brawl. Her condition improved after both surgical and medical treatment.
PubMed: 38292999
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.51408 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Nov 2023This study investigates the size distribution, microbial composition, and antibiotic resistance (ABR) of airborne bioaerosols at a suburban location in Doha, Qatar...
This study investigates the size distribution, microbial composition, and antibiotic resistance (ABR) of airborne bioaerosols at a suburban location in Doha, Qatar between October 2021 and January 2022. Samples were collected using an Andersen six-stage viable cascade impactor and a liquid impinger. Findings showed that the mean bacteria concentration (464 CFU/m) was significantly higher than that of fungi (242 CFU/m) during the study period. Both bacteria and fungi were most abundant in the aerodynamic size fractions of 1.10-2.21 μm, with peak concentrations observed in the mornings and lowest concentrations in the afternoons across all size fractions. A total of 24 different culturable species were identified, with the most abundant ones being Pasteurella pneumotropica (9.71%), Pantoea spp. 1 (8.73%), and Proteus penneri (7.77%) spp. At the phylum level, the bacterial community configurations during the autumn and winter seasons were nearly identical as revealed by molecular genomics, with Proteobacteria being the most predominant, followed by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteriota, and Planctomycetota. However, there was a significant variation in dominant genera between autumn and winter. The most abundant genera included Sphingomonas, Paraburkholderia, Comamonas, Bacillus, and Lysinibacillus. Several bacterial genera identified in this study have important public health and ecological implications, including the risk of respiratory tract infections. Furthermore, the study found that ABR was highest in December, with bioaerosols exhibiting resistance to at least 5 out of 10 antibiotics, and 100% resistance to Metronidazole in all samples. Metagenomics analysis revealed the presence of various airborne bacteria that were not detected through culture-dependent methods. This study provides valuable insights into the airborne microbial composition, temporal variability and ABR in the Arabian Gulf region.
PubMed: 37598930
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122401 -
PloS One 2023A range of analytical methods (GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, microbiological and microscopic techniques, PCR) was used to assay a range of potential chemical and biological...
A range of analytical methods (GC-MS, LC-MS, voltammetry, microbiological and microscopic techniques, PCR) was used to assay a range of potential chemical and biological contaminants in soil and dandelion samples. The results provide the first comprehensive safety analysis of dandelion as a herbal product. Samples were collected from three different sites in Poland where the local population collects dandelion plants for their own consumption: Rudenka (a mountain meadow in the European Ecological Network of Natura 2000 protection area, free of agrotechnical treatments for over 30 years), Warszawa 1 (dense single-family housing with heavy traffic), and Warszawa 2 (recreation area with heavy traffic near a coal-fired heat and power plant). The assays of heavy metals and other chemical pollutants (PAHs, PCBs, dioxins, pesticides, mycotoxins) confirm that all collected soil and dandelion samples were chemically pure; however, 95 species of pathogenic bacteria were detected, including "carnivorous" Vibrio vulnificus, zoonotic Pasteurella pneumotropica, Pasteurella canis, Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Staphylococcus lentus and Francisella tularensis as well as 14 species of pathogenic fungi and one protozoan parasite (Giardia intestinalis). The discovery of septicemia agents V. vulnificus, Fusobacterium mortiferum and Rahnella aquatilis in the soil surrounding dandelion roots and in the flowers, G. intestinalis in dandelion leaves and roots samples, all collected in Warsaw, is highly disturbing. This finding underlines the need for increased caution when collecting dandelion in densely populated areas with a large population of pets. Thorough washing of the harvested plants is necessary before using them for consumption, especially in the case of making salads from fresh dandelion leaves, which is becoming increasingly popular among people leading healthy and an environmentally friendly lifestyle.
Topics: Humans; Taraxacum; Environmental Pollutants; Soil; Metals, Heavy; Plant Leaves; Soil Pollutants
PubMed: 36662824
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0280810 -
Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022The available data on antimicrobial resistance in pets are limited compared to those collected for food-producing animals. Bacterial urinary tract infections are some of...
The available data on antimicrobial resistance in pets are limited compared to those collected for food-producing animals. Bacterial urinary tract infections are some of the most important indications for antimicrobial use in pets, and empiric antimicrobial treatments are often administered in the presence of clinical signs. In this study, the results obtained from the laboratory investigations carried out on dogs and cats with urinary tract infections coming from veterinary clinics and practices in Central Italy were evaluated to provide additional data concerning the bacterial urinary pathogens and their antimicrobial resistance patterns in pets. A total of 635 isolates were collected from urine samples. was the most common species recovered in dogs and cats, followed by and spp. Furthermore, it was possible to isolate bacteria not usually described in other studies concerning pets such as , , and (also known as ). Based on the antimicrobial susceptibility results, 472/635 (74.3%) isolates were resistant to at least one antibiotic and 285/635 (44.8%) isolates were classified as multidrug-resistant. Monitoring the antibiotic resistance profiles in pet infections is important not only for the public health implications, but also to collect data useful for the treatment of diseases in pets.
PubMed: 36290021
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11101363 -
SAGE Open Nursing 2021Knowledge management-based nursing care has a positive effect in preventing healthcare associated infections (HAIs). Therefore, nursing professionals can utilize key...
INTRODUCTION
Knowledge management-based nursing care has a positive effect in preventing healthcare associated infections (HAIs). Therefore, nursing professionals can utilize key strategies of knowledge management to support clinical decision making, reorganize nursing actions, and maximize patient outcomes.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of knowledge management-based nursing care educational training on HAI prevention behavior at the High Care Unit (HCU) of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang.
METHODS
A quasiexperimental design with a pretest, educational training intervention, and posttest were conducted on 15 nurses in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang, which lasted for 16 days. Furthermore, observation of nursing care documentation, nurses' handwashing compliance, and presence of infection-causing bacteria in the HCU staff and environment (hands rub handle, medical record, and patient's bed) was carried out pre (day 1-7) and post training (day 10-16). Subsequently, educational training related to knowledge management-based nursing care was conducted for 2 days (day 8-9) by the Doktor Mengabdi Team of Universitas Brawijaya.
RESULTS
The knowledge level and completeness of the nursing care documentation in the HCU room significantly increased after the training (< .05). Also, compliance to the six steps five moments of nurses' handwashing increased after the training (> .05). Infection-causing bacteria were found in the HCU environment and staff before and after the training involving , , , , , , and . Therefore, increased knowledge of HCU nurses and complete documentation ( = .890; = .054), increased knowledge of HCU nurses and handwashing compliance ( = .770; = .086), and handwashing compliance and bacterial presence ( = .816; = .084) all had a positive correlation.
CONCLUSION
Knowledge management-based nursing care educational training increased infection prevention behavior in the HCU of Saiful Anwar Hospital Malang.
PubMed: 34869859
DOI: 10.1177/23779608211044601 -
Experimental Animals Feb 2022We surveyed mouse microbiological contamination rates by testing rates for common contaminants using serological, culture, and parasitological methods. A total of 21,292...
We surveyed mouse microbiological contamination rates by testing rates for common contaminants using serological, culture, and parasitological methods. A total of 21,292 experimentally housed mice from 206 animal facilities, including hospitals, universities, companies, and research institutes, were tested over a 6-year period from 2014 to 2019. The most commonly found contaminants were various species of nonpathogenic protozoa (47.2%). The most common pathogenic bacteria were Staphylococcus aureus (21.2%), Pasteurella pneumotropica (12.5%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (5.8%). Mouse hepatitis virus (6.1%) was detected, but no other viral or bacterial pathogens were found. These results establish that the main pathogens that currently contaminate mouse facilities in Korea are opportunistic pathogens and that contamination with important pathogens, such as those in Categories B or C, has decreased.
Topics: Animals; Bacteria; Mice; Republic of Korea; Staphylococcal Infections; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 34707028
DOI: 10.1538/expanim.21-0083 -
Veterinary World Dec 2020Knowledge of potentially pathogenic bacteria presents in the oral cavity of dogs and cats may be helpful in determining appropriate treatment for infected bite wounds....
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Knowledge of potentially pathogenic bacteria presents in the oral cavity of dogs and cats may be helpful in determining appropriate treatment for infected bite wounds. About 120.000 people are exposed to dog and cat bites every year in Algeria, but little is known about the dog and cat oral flora causing bite wound complications. The purpose of this study was to identify potential zoonotic bacteria from oral cavity of dogs and cats and to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics to contribute to the treatment of bite wound infection.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Oral swabs from 100 stray dogs and 100 stray cats were collected and cultured in several media: Chocolate agar, MacConkey agar, and Mannitol Salt Agar. Bacterial isolates were identified using several commercial kits of the analytical profile index and tested for antibiotic susceptibility by disk diffusion method.
RESULTS
Overall, 185/200 (92.5%) dogs and cats carried zoonotic bacteria in their mouths, of which 55.13% (102/185) had at least two bacterial pathogens. 374 pathogenic strains belonging to 15 genera were isolated: Eleven were Gram-negative (, , , , , , , and ) and four were Gram-positive (, , and , ). Fifty-one strains of were isolated from 44 carriers of (21 , 21 , and 9 spp.). strains were tested for antibiotic resistance. Resistance to at least one drug was observed in 8 (15.68%) of isolates and two strains (3.92%) were found to be multidrug-resistant (to two or more drugs). Erythromycin, penicillin, and ampicillin were the antimicrobials to which the isolates showed greater resistance (7.84%, 5.88%, and 3.92%, respectively).
CONCLUSION
To the best of our knowledge, this study is the first in Algeria to detect potential human pathogenic bacteria in the oral cavity of dogs and cats. It reveals that these animals have multiple zoonotic bacteria in their mouths including species, which may be multidrug-resistant.
PubMed: 33488002
DOI: 10.14202/vetworld.2020.2806-2814 -
IDCases 2020is an important bacterial pathogen in both animals and humans. Most reported Pasteurella infections in humans involve skin and soft tissues, often after an animal bite,...
is an important bacterial pathogen in both animals and humans. Most reported Pasteurella infections in humans involve skin and soft tissues, often after an animal bite, scratch, or lick to an open wound. We report a case of septic arthritis with in a diabetic and cardiopathic patient who was the victim of a rat bite in the street, with a good evolution after medical and surgical treatment.
PubMed: 33209584
DOI: 10.1016/j.idcr.2020.e00989 -
Identification of a large repetitive RTX immunogen in a highly virulent Rodentibacter heylii strain.Microbes and Infection 2021Rodentibacter (R.) heylii is frequently detected in laboratory rodents. Repeats in toxin (RTX) toxins are considered important virulence factors of this major murine...
Rodentibacter (R.) heylii is frequently detected in laboratory rodents. Repeats in toxin (RTX) toxins are considered important virulence factors of this major murine pathogen. We evaluated the virulence of a R.heylii strain negative for all known RTX toxin genes and Muribacter (M.) muris, a commensal in mice, in experimental infections of C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice. Experimental intranasal infection with 10 CFU of the pnxI-, pnxII- and pnxIII- R. heylii strain resulted in 75% and 100% mortality in C57BL/6 and BALB/c mice, respectively. In early losses, multiple internal organs were infected and purulent bronchopneumonia was the main pathology. Intranasal application of M. muris did not result in mortality or severe weight loss. Immunoproteomics led to the identification of a surface-associated and specific immunogen, which was designated as R. heylii immunogen A (RhiA) and which was exclusively recognised by sera obtained from mice infected with this R. heylii pathotype. RhiA is a 262.6 kDa large protein containing long imperfect tandem repeats and C-terminal RTX consensus sequences. Immunohistochemical analysis confirmed that this R.heylii pathotype expresses RhiA in the lower respiratory tract. In summary, this study describes a specific immunogen in a virulent R. heylii, strain which is an excellent antigen for pathotype-specific serological screenings and which might carry out RTX-related functions.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Proteins; Bacterial Toxins; Consensus Sequence; Male; Mice; Mice, Inbred BALB C; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Pasteurellaceae; Pasteurellaceae Infections; Protein Domains; Tandem Repeat Sequences; Virulence; Virulence Factors
PubMed: 33164813
DOI: 10.1016/j.micinf.2020.10.007 -
Nucleic Acids Research Dec 2020CRISPR-Cas defense systems opened up the field of genome editing due to the ease with which effector Cas nucleases can be programmed with guide RNAs to access desirable...
CRISPR-Cas defense systems opened up the field of genome editing due to the ease with which effector Cas nucleases can be programmed with guide RNAs to access desirable genomic sites. Type II-A SpCas9 from Streptococcus pyogenes was the first Cas9 nuclease used for genome editing and it remains the most popular enzyme of its class. Nevertheless, SpCas9 has some drawbacks including a relatively large size and restriction to targets flanked by an 'NGG' PAM sequence. The more compact Type II-C Cas9 orthologs can help to overcome the size limitation of SpCas9. Yet, only a few Type II-C nucleases were fully characterized to date. Here, we characterized two Cas9 II-C orthologs, DfCas9 from Defluviimonas sp.20V17 and PpCas9 from Pasteurella pneumotropica. Both DfCas9 and PpCas9 cleave DNA in vitro and have novel PAM requirements. Unlike DfCas9, the PpCas9 nuclease is active in human cells. This small nuclease requires an 'NNNNRTT' PAM orthogonal to that of SpCas9 and thus potentially can broaden the range of Cas9 applications in biomedicine and biotechnology.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Base Sequence; CRISPR-Associated Protein 9; CRISPR-Cas Systems; Cloning, Molecular; Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats; Escherichia coli; Gene Editing; Gene Expression; Genetic Vectors; Genome, Bacterial; HEK293 Cells; Humans; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Pasteurella pneumotropica; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems; Recombinant Proteins; Rhodobacteraceae; Sequence Alignment; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
PubMed: 33152077
DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa998