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Journal of Pharmacy & Bioallied Sciences Feb 2024Fluctuations in androgenic hormonal levels are noticeable through women's menstrual cycle. Changes in estrogen and progesterone have been shown to affect periodontium....
Fluctuations in androgenic hormonal levels are noticeable through women's menstrual cycle. Changes in estrogen and progesterone have been shown to affect periodontium. Many women report an increase in gingival inflammation and discomfort associated with their menstrual cycle, most commonly before the menstrual period. Approximately 80% of women experience complaints of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) 7 to 10 days before menstruation. Therefore, the present study was carried out to check prevalence of PMS and its oral and periodontal manifestations in patients attending dental hospital. For the study, 100 systemically healthy women of reproductive age attending dental hospital were selected. Thorough recording of oral discomfort and associated symptoms during late luteal phase was done. Clinical parameters such as plaque index and gingival index were recorded. Thirty-seven females reported complaints suggestive of PMS. Oral changes during PMS were experienced by 59 females. Halitosis and oral ulcers were more frequent. Findings of the present study showed the possibility of influence of sex hormones on oral manifestations during premenstrual period.
PubMed: 38595611
DOI: 10.4103/jpbs.jpbs_455_23 -
Contemporary Clinical Trials... Jun 2024Pre-menstrual disorders, including pre-menstrual syndrome and pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, are highly prevalent disorders in women of reproductive age....
Pre-menstrual disorders, including pre-menstrual syndrome and pre-menstrual dysphoric disorder, are highly prevalent disorders in women of reproductive age. Pre-menstrual disorders are associated with debilitating symptoms that onset in the days prior to menses. A complex interplay between hormonal fluctuations, cellular sensitivity, and psychosocial stressors likely underly the pathophysiology of pre-menstrual disorders. Current treatment options include selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, hormonal therapies, and psychosocial support. There is growing evidence for oestrogen, progesterone, gonadotropin Releasing Hormone analogues and Complementary and Alternative Medicines in treating Pre-menstrual disorders. (S)-S-adenosylmethionine is a complementary and alternative medicine with postulated roles in the treatment of depression, with a rather rapid onset of action and minimal side effect profile. We propose a protocol for investigating the efficacy of (S)-S-adenosylmethionine in the treatment of pre-menstrual disorders. The proposed study is an open label pilot study, that will recruit thirty women between the ages of 18-45 who experience a pre-menstrual disorder. Daily and interval questionnaires will provide a quantification of symptoms across four menstrual cycles (16 weeks). During two consecutive menstrual cycles it is proposed that participants receive oral (S)-S-adenosylmethionine Complex 400 mg three times a day (total daily dose 1200 mg), during the pre-menstrual time-period (14 days prior to menses). Changes in pre-menstrual disorder symptoms between control and treatment cycles will assist in elucidating the clinical efficacy of (S)-S-adenosylmethionine. This study has the potential to support a larger double blinded, placebo controlled randomised control trial and aims to enrich the knowledge surrounding pre-menstrual disorders.
PubMed: 38590512
DOI: 10.1016/j.conctc.2024.101297 -
Women's Health Reports (New Rochelle,... 2024Premenstrual symptoms, including premenstrual syndrome and its more severe form premenstrual dysphoric disorder, are a set of somatic and psychological symptoms that...
INTRODUCTION
Premenstrual symptoms, including premenstrual syndrome and its more severe form premenstrual dysphoric disorder, are a set of somatic and psychological symptoms that occur during the luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Our research aimed to adapt the Hungarian version of the Premenstrual Assessment Form-Short Form (PAF-SF), a questionnaire suitable for assessing premenstrual symptoms, and to examine its reliability, validity, and applicability.
METHODS
The questionnaire was validated according to Beaton's six-step guidelines. Our sample consisted of 198 menstruating women, 50 of whom completed the instrument for a second time to assess reliability. Descriptive statistics were calculated presenting mean (standard deviation), the internal consistency was measured by Cronbach's alpha value, the test-retest reliability using intraclass correlation coefficients, Spearman rank correlation was applied to test the criterion validity of the questionnaire, and discriminant validity was examined using the independent-sample test using IBM SPSS 28.0 software. The structural validity was evaluated by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) using IBM AMOS 29.0 software. The level of significance was set at < 0.05.
RESULTS
Our sample (average age 25.37 ± 4.80 years) scored 28.08 ± 9.49 points out of the maximum 60 points when filling out the PAF-SF questionnaire. The result of Cronbach's alpha calculation, which supports the reliability of the questionnaire, was 0.845. During the CFA, the three-factor structure (Affect, Water Retention, and Pain) was supported (root mean-square error approximation [RMSEA] = 0.054; Tucker-Lewis Index = 0.965; Comparative Fit Index = 0.976; = 48.642; df = 31; = 0.023; /df = 1.569).
DISCUSSION
The PAF-SF questionnaire proved to be a reliable measuring tool for assessing premenstrual symptoms among women of reproductive age.
PubMed: 38558945
DOI: 10.1089/whr.2023.0107 -
Journal of Affective Disorders Jun 2024Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is hypothesized to stem from maladaptive neural sensitivity to ovarian steroid hormone fluctuations. Recently, we found thinner...
BACKGROUND
Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is hypothesized to stem from maladaptive neural sensitivity to ovarian steroid hormone fluctuations. Recently, we found thinner cortices in individuals with PMDD, compared to healthy controls, during the symptomatic phase. Here, we aimed at investigating whether such differences illustrate state-like characteristics specific to the symptomatic phase, or trait-like features defining PMDD.
METHODS
Patients and controls were scanned using structural magnetic resonance imaging during the mid-follicular and late-luteal phase of the menstrual cycle. Group-by-phase interaction effects on cortical architecture metrics (cortical thickness, gyrification index, cortical complexity, and sulcal depth) were assessed using surface-based morphometry.
RESULTS
Independently of menstrual cycle phase, a main effect of diagnostic group on surface metrics was found, primarily illustrating thinner cortices (0.3 < Cohen's d > 1.1) and lower gyrification indices (0.4 < Cohen's d > 1.0) in patients compared to controls. Furthermore, menstrual cycle-specific effects were detected across all participants, depicting a decrease in cortical thickness (0.4 < Cohen's d > 1.7) and region-dependent changes in cortical folding metrics (0.4 < Cohen's d > 2.2) from the mid-follicular to the late luteal phase.
LIMITATIONS
Small effects (d = 0.3) require a larger sample size to be accurately characterized.
CONCLUSIONS
These findings provide initial evidence of trait-like cortical characteristics of the brain of individuals with premenstrual dysphoric disorder, together with indications of menstrual cycle-related variations in cortical architecture in patients and controls. Further investigations exploring whether these differences constitute stable vulnerability markers or develop over the years may help understand PMDD etiology.
Topics: Female; Humans; Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder; Premenstrual Syndrome; Menstrual Cycle; Luteal Phase; Brain
PubMed: 38552916
DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.03.130 -
Quantitative Imaging in Medicine and... Mar 2024[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-506.].
[This corrects the article DOI: 10.21037/qims-22-506.].
PubMed: 38545082
DOI: 10.21037/qims-2023-03 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2024Menstrual symptoms lower women's work performance, but to what extent one's performance declines during the perimenstrual periods is unclear. This cross-sectional study...
Menstrual symptoms lower women's work performance, but to what extent one's performance declines during the perimenstrual periods is unclear. This cross-sectional study evaluated relative presenteeism by the severity of menstrual symptoms in working women. Participants included women who joined a health promotion event in Tokyo. The severity of PMS and symptoms during menstruation were categorized based on their frequency, and the outcome variable was relative presenteeism as the ratio of work performance during the perimenstrual periods to that during the inter-menstrual period. An analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed. Of the 312 participants, 238 were eligible, 50% of whom claimed severe symptoms in either PMS or during menstruation. Participants were divided into four groups (1) without severe menstrual symptoms, (2) severe PMS alone, (3) severe symptoms during menstruation alone, and (4) both severe PMS and symptoms during menstruation-and the mean relative presenteeism was 91% (standard deviation (SD) 23), 69% (SD 21), 76% (SD 16), and 69% (SD 27), respectively ( < 0.01). A between-group comparison revealed statistically significant differences in relative presenteeism, when group (1) served as the criterion for comparisons ( < 0.01). This study demonstrates that severe PMS alone, as well as both severe PMS and symptoms during menstruation, particularly decreased work performance.
Topics: Humans; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Presenteeism; Tokyo; Premenstrual Syndrome; Menstruation
PubMed: 38541312
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21030313 -
BMC Women's Health Mar 2024Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of psychiatric or somatic symptoms negatively affecting the daily life. PMS treatment can involve the use of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) consists of psychiatric or somatic symptoms negatively affecting the daily life. PMS treatment can involve the use of complementary-alternative approaches. Hydrogen-rich water (HRW) has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that may treat PMS. This study aimed to investigate the effect of drinking HRW on the severity of premenstrual symptoms and the quality of life of women who suffer from PMS.
METHODS
This study is a randomized controlled trial. Participants were randomized into two groups (intervention group=33, control group=32) using the block randomization method. Participants were requested to consume 1500-2000 mL of HRW daily in the intervention group and drink water in the placebo group. Participants began drinking either HRW or placebo water from day 16 of their menstrual cycle until day 2 of the following cycle for three menstrual cycles. The research data were collected using a Demographic Information Form, Premenstrual Syndrome Scale (PMSS), and Short form of the World Health Organization Quality of Life Questionnaire (WHOQOL- BREF).
RESULTS
The intervention group had significantly lower mean scores than the control group in both the first and second follow-ups on the PMSS (P<0.05). In the first follow-up, the intervention group had significantly higher mean scores in the Physical Health and Psychological domains of the WHOQOL-BREF compared to the control group (P<0.05). Group × time interaction was significant for PMSS (F = 10.54, P<0.001). Group × time interaction was insignificant for WHOQOL- BREF (P>0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The consumption of HRW reduces the severity of premenstrual symptoms and improves individuals' quality of life in physical and psychological domains.
Topics: Female; Humans; Drinking; Hydrogen; Premenstrual Syndrome; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38532373
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03029-8 -
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine... Apr 2024To investigate the effectiveness and safety of Jiawei Xiaoyao pill (,JXP) in the treatment of symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS). (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Effectiveness and safety of Jiawei Xiaoyao pill in the treatment of premenstrual syndrome (liver depression, spleen deficiency, and blood-heat syndrome): a multi-center, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the effectiveness and safety of Jiawei Xiaoyao pill (,JXP) in the treatment of symptoms associated with premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
METHODS
A total of 144 regularly menstruating women with PMS were recruited at 8 sites in China from August 2017 to December 2018, and randomized to receive either a JXP or a matching placebo (12 g/d, 6 g twice a day) for 3 menstrual cycles. The primary indicator was the reduced Daily Record of Severity of Problems (DRSP) scores in the luteal phase after 3 months of treatment. The safety outcomes included clinical adverse events (AEs), adverse reactions (ARs), changes in vital signs, and laboratory tests.
RESULTS
JXP surpassed the placebo in reducing DRSP scores (psychological/somatic dysfunction) in the luteal phase over 3 menstrual cycles of treatment (PFAS = 0.002, PPPS = 0.001). Additionally, there were no significant differences in the incidence of AEs, severe AEs, withdrawal due to AEs and ARs between the two groups (all > 0.05), and no clinically significant adverse medical events related to the test drug observed.
CONCLUSIONS
JXP was superior to the placebo in relieving the symptoms associated with PMS, which signified that JXP may be effective, safe, and well-tolerated as an alternative therapy.
Topics: Female; Humans; Spleen; Depression; Hot Temperature; Premenstrual Syndrome; Liver; Double-Blind Method; Drugs, Chinese Herbal
PubMed: 38504543
DOI: 10.19852/j.cnki.jtcm.20231110.003 -
Heliyon Mar 2024Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a cyclical psychosomatic disorder prevalent among women of reproductive age. However, research on the potential impact of PMS on routine...
PURPOSE
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a cyclical psychosomatic disorder prevalent among women of reproductive age. However, research on the potential impact of PMS on routine nursing schedules and activities is limited. This study aims to identify the prevalence of PMS among female nursing staff and to examine the relationship between PMS and missed nursing care (MNC).
METHOD
Between November 1, 2022, and April 30, 2023, this study was conducted among female nursing staff working in nine inpatient departments at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center. This study used a cross-sectional design. The participants were recruited through convenience sampling. Data were collected using the standardized Menstrual Distress Questionnaire, the Oncology Missed Nursing Care self-rating scale, and a sociodemographic questionnaire. One-way analysis of variance, Fisher's least significant difference test for post-hoc comparisons, and Spearman's correlation coefficient were utilized for data analysis. A trend test was also performed to explore patterns in the severity of PMS and MNC over time.
RESULTS
We collected a total of 224 questionnaires, with 154 (68.7%) female nursing staff reporting PMS. The most common symptoms were low back pain (91.1%), abdominal discomfort (90.6%), cold hands and feet (87.1%), and lethargy (87.1%). Moreover, 91.5% of the 224 female nursing staff reported at least one MNC activity. The nursing activities most frequently missed or left incomplete were liquid intake and output monitoring as ordered (43.3%), medication administration within 30 min before or after the scheduled time (43.3%), and electrocardiogram monitoring as ordered (42.9%). "Abdominal discomfort" from the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire was significantly correlated with the majority of MNC activities ( < 0.001).
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides evidence for a strong association between PMS and MNC among female nursing staff, suggesting that administrators should take the premenstrual conditions of female nursing staff into consideration. It is necessary to provide appropriate understanding and support to mitigate the impact on patient care and safety.
PubMed: 38486753
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e27609 -
Journal of Family Medicine and Primary... Jan 2024Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent and often neglected condition that affects around 80% of women of reproductive age. In PMS, abnormal fluctuations in gonadal...
CONTEXT
Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent and often neglected condition that affects around 80% of women of reproductive age. In PMS, abnormal fluctuations in gonadal hormones cause altered homeostasis, resulting in sympatho-vagal imbalance and poor cognition.
AIM
To compare autonomic function parameters and cognitive performance between PMS and control groups, and to study the effect of pranayama on the above parameters in PMS women.
SETTINGS AND DESIGN
It was a randomized control trial.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We recruited 40 women of reproductive age who fit the inclusion criteria. They were asked to complete the Premenstrual Syndrome Screening Tool (PSST) questionnaire and were categorized as having PMS ( = 20) or not having PMS ( = 20). All study participants had their baseline CAFT, HRV, BRS, P300, and MOCA values recorded. Following that, participants in the PMS group were divided into two groups of ten at random. For 8 weeks, one group received pranayama training. Following that, all baseline data were recorded again in both the pranayama and no-intervention groups.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS USED
SPSS version 20 was used to analyze the data. For parametric data, the unpaired test was used to compare between the PMS and no PMS groups, whereas the Mann-Whitney test was employed for non-parametric data. To compare the parameters before and after intervention, the Students paired 't' test for parametric data and the Wilcoxan-signed rank test for non-parametric data were used.
RESULTS
According to the findings, autonomic function and cognition were considerably affected in the PMS group and improved significantly in the PMS group following pranayama intervention.
CONCLUSION
Pranayama is an effective and safe non-pharmacological method for treating PMS and improving women's quality of life.
PubMed: 38482308
DOI: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_1104_23