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Microorganisms May 2024Given the recognized involvement of the gut microbiome in the development of obesity, considerable efforts are being made to discover probiotics capable of preventing...
Given the recognized involvement of the gut microbiome in the development of obesity, considerable efforts are being made to discover probiotics capable of preventing and managing obesity. In this study, we report the discovery of GBCC_F0227, isolated from fermented food, which exhibited superior triglyceride catabolism efficacy compared to WCSF1. Molecular analysis showed elevated expression levels of α/β hydrolases with lipase activity (abH04, abH08_1, abH08_2, abH11_1, and abH11_2) in GBCC_F0227 compared to WCFS1, demonstrating its enhanced lipolytic activity. In a high-fat-diet (HFD)-induced mouse obesity model, the administration of GBCC_F0227 mitigated weight gain, reduced blood triglycerides, and diminished fat mass. Furthermore, GBCC_F0227 upregulated adiponectin gene expression in adipose tissue, indicative of favorable metabolic modulation, and showed robust growth and low cytotoxicity, underscoring its industrial viability. Therefore, our findings encourage the further investigation of GBCC_F0227's therapeutic applications for the prevention and treatment of obesity and associated metabolic diseases.
PubMed: 38930468
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061086 -
Microorganisms May 2024is applied as a probiotic to alleviate various metabolic, gastrointestinal, and psychological symptoms and diseases, and its probiotic effectiveness is strain-specific....
is applied as a probiotic to alleviate various metabolic, gastrointestinal, and psychological symptoms and diseases, and its probiotic effectiveness is strain-specific. In this study, we obtained 21 strains of , and their genomes were sequenced. We defined the pan- and core-genomes of . Phenotypes such as the assimilation of carbohydrates and antibiotic resistance were experimentally characterized and associated with genome annotations. Nine strains were selected and tested for growth rates, tolerance to acidity/alkalinity and bile acids, the production of short-chain fatty acids, and competition with pathogenic microbes. Strains WL11 and WL17 were targeted as potential probiotics and were applied in mouse model tests for the alleviation of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The results showed that WL11 and WL17 effectively alleviated slow body weight gain, anxiety, poor memory, and cognitive impairment in CFS mouse models. They also reduced the expression of pro-inflammatory factors, such as TNF-α and IL-6, and alleviated intestinal peristalsis, visceral hypersensitivity, and anxiety-like behavior in IBS mouse models. This study reports new strain resources and their effect on alleviation of both IBS and CFS symptoms with mouse models; the probiotic functions of those strains in human patients remain to be further tested.
PubMed: 38930463
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061081 -
Microorganisms May 2024Cats are increasingly favored as companion animals; their health has drawn widespread attention. Given the continuous improvements in the required living standards of... (Review)
Review
Cats are increasingly favored as companion animals; their health has drawn widespread attention. Given the continuous improvements in the required living standards of both humans and animals, inflammatory bowel disease, allergies, diarrhea, constipation, periodontal disease, obesity, diabetes, and other health issues have become recognized as valid pet problems. Antibiotics are commonly used to treat pet diseases, greatly improving animal health. However, antibiotic abuse is common, especially when seeking to treat bacterial infections. Probiotics are beneficial microorganisms that may be directly ingested in food or as feed additives; they improve the intestinal microflora balance, enhance immunity, and ensure healthy growth. However, cat data are usually inferred from reports on dogs or humans; cat research remains preliminary in nature. Therefore, we here describe the current understanding of how probiotics improve cat health, facilitating the further development and application of probiotics for cats.
PubMed: 38930462
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061080 -
Microorganisms May 2024The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of bacteria, viruses, and protozoans living in symbiosis with the host, plays a crucial role in human health, influencing... (Review)
Review
The human microbiome, a complex ecosystem of bacteria, viruses, and protozoans living in symbiosis with the host, plays a crucial role in human health, influencing everything from metabolism to immune function. Dysbiosis, or an imbalance in this ecosystem, has been linked to various health issues, including diabetes and gestational diabetes (GD). In diabetes, dysbiosis affects the function of adipose tissue, leading to the release of adipokines and cytokines, which increase inflammation and insulin resistance. During pregnancy, changes to the microbiome can exacerbate glucose intolerance, a common feature of GD. Over the past years, burgeoning insights into the gut microbiota have unveiled its pivotal role in human health. This article comprehensively reviews literature from the last seven years, highlighting the association between gut microbiota dysbiosis and GD, as well as the metabolism of antidiabetic drugs and the potential influences of diet and probiotics. The underlying pathophysiological mechanisms discussed include the impact of dysbiosis on systemic inflammation and the interplay with genetic and environmental factors. By focusing on recent studies, the importance of considering microbial health in the prevention and treatment of GD is emphasized, providing insights into future research directions and clinical applications to improve maternal-infant health outcomes.
PubMed: 38930451
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061070 -
Microorganisms May 2024Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory response triggered by dysbiosis. LA5 (LA5) may impair microbial colonization and alter the host. Thus, we evaluated the...
Periodontitis is a destructive inflammatory response triggered by dysbiosis. LA5 (LA5) may impair microbial colonization and alter the host. Thus, we evaluated the effect of LA5 on alveolar bone loss in a periodontitis murine model and investigated its effect on the oral and gut microbiomes. and were inoculated in C57BL/6 mice (P+), with LA5 (L+). SHAM infected controls (P- and/or L- groups) were also evaluated. After 45 days, alveolar bone loss in the maxilla and oral and gut microbiomes were determined. The administration of LA5 controlled the microbial consortium-induced alveolar bone loss. Periodontopathogens infection resulted in shifts in the oral and gut microbiomes consistent with dysbiosis, and LA5 reshaped these changes. The oral microbiome of P+L- group showed the increased abundance of , , , and , which were attenuated by the administration of LA5 to the infected group (P+L+). The administration of LA5 to otherwise non-infected mice resulted in the increased abundance of the superphylum Patescibacteria and the family in the gut. These data indicate LA5 as a candidate probiotic for the control of periodontitis.
PubMed: 38930439
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061057 -
Microorganisms May 2024This study aimed to explore the effects of (BA) as one woody forage addition (as a probiotic, 1 × 10 CFU/g) on tilapia (). Woody forage is one kind of fishery feed...
This study aimed to explore the effects of (BA) as one woody forage addition (as a probiotic, 1 × 10 CFU/g) on tilapia (). Woody forage is one kind of fishery feed that could significantly enhance the growth, feed utilization, and digestibility of tilapia. At first, tilapia was divided into eight groups and fed with control, control + BA, , + BA, , + BA, , and + BA diets, respectively. After dieting for 8 weeks, the intestinal morphology of tilapia in the eight groups was observed, and the effects of the addition and wordy forage on the intestine functions were analyzed by two-way ANOVA. As no significant negative effects were found on the woody forage on tilapia, the villus height, density and width, and epithelial goblet cells in the posterior intestines of tilapia with BA supplementation were greater than those in the groups without BA supplementation, suggesting SCAU-070 could promote the growth and development of tilapia intestinal tracts. Furthermore, it was found that SCAU-070 enhanced the antioxidation capacity of tilapia posterior intestine tissue by promoting the activity of superoxide dismutase and content of malondialdehyde. In addition, the result of high-throughput sequencing (16S rDNA) showed that the beneficial bacteria and in the probiotic groups increased significantly, while the potential pathogenic bacteria decreased significantly.
PubMed: 38930431
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061049 -
Microorganisms May 2024Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most prevalent bacterial infections in children. Probiotics appear to reduce the risk of recurrence of UTIs. This study...
Urinary tract infections (UTIs) rank among the most prevalent bacterial infections in children. Probiotics appear to reduce the risk of recurrence of UTIs. This study aimed to evaluate whether probiotics containing PL1 and PM1 therapy prevent UTIs in the pediatric population compared to a placebo. A superiority, double-blind, randomized, controlled trial was conducted. In total, 54 children aged 3-18 years with recurrent UTIs or ≥one acute pyelonephritis and ≥one risk factor of recurrence of UTIs were randomly assigned (27 patients in each arm) to a 90-day probiotic or placebo arm. The age, sex, diagnosis, renal function, risk factors, and etiology of UTIs did not vary between the groups. During the intervention, 26% of children taking the probiotic had episodes of UTI, and it was not significantly less than in the placebo group. The number of UTI episodes during the intervention and the follow-up period decreased significantly in both groups, but the difference between them was insignificant. We observed a decrease in UTIs during the study of almost 50% in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group. Probiotics can be used as natural, safe prophylaxis for children with risk factors for UTIs in whom antibiotic prevention is not indicated.
PubMed: 38930419
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061037 -
Microorganisms May 2024was recently shown to be a powerful model for studying and identifying probiotics with specific functions. CL1285, LBC80R, and CLR2, which are three bacteria that...
was recently shown to be a powerful model for studying and identifying probiotics with specific functions. CL1285, LBC80R, and CLR2, which are three bacteria that were marketed by Bio-K+, were evaluated using the nematode to study fat accumulation, lifespan, and resistance to oxidative stress. Although the general effects of probiotics in terms of protection against oxidative stress were highlighted, the CL1285 strain had an interesting and specific feature, namely its ability to prevent fat accumulation in nematodes; this effect was verified by both the Oil Red and Nile Red methods. This observed phenotype requires daf-16 and is affected by glucose levels. In addition, in a daf-16- and glucose-dependent manner, CL1285 extended the lifespan of ; this effect was unique to CL1285 and not found in the other subtypes in this study. Our findings indicate that CL1285 impacts fat/glucose metabolism in and provides a basis to further study this probiotic, which could have potential health benefits in humans and/or in mammals.
PubMed: 38930418
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12061036 -
Materials (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Electrospun nanofibers have been used as wound dressings to protect skin from infection and promote wound healing. In this study, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone...
Electrospun nanofibers have been used as wound dressings to protect skin from infection and promote wound healing. In this study, we developed polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP)/silicon dioxide (SD) composite nanofibers for the delivery of probiotic (SC), which potentially aids in wound healing. PVP/SD composite nanofibers were optimized through electrospinning, and bead-free nanofibers with an average diameter of 624.7 ± 99.6 nm were fabricated. Next, SC, a wound-healing material, was loaded onto the PVP/SD composite nanofibers. SC was encapsulated in nanofibers, and nanofibers were prepared using SC, PVP, SD, water, and ethanol in a ratio of 3:4:0.1:4.8:1.2. The formation of smooth nanofibers with protrusions around SC was confirmed using SEM. Nanofiber dressing properties were physicochemically and mechanically characterized by evaluating SEM, DSC, XRD, and FTIR images, tensile strength, and elongation at break. Additionally, a release test of active substances was performed. The absence of interactions between SC, PVP, and SD was confirmed through physicochemical evaluation, and SEM images showed that the nanofiber dressing contained SC and had a porous structure. It also showed a 100% release of SC within 30 min. Overall, our study showed that SC-loaded PVP/SD composite nanofibers prepared using the electrospinning method are promising wound dressings.
PubMed: 38930272
DOI: 10.3390/ma17122903 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Jun 2024: In this investigation, we aimed to understand the influence of oral probiotic supplementation on the vaginal microbiota of women preparing for assisted reproductive...
: In this investigation, we aimed to understand the influence of oral probiotic supplementation on the vaginal microbiota of women preparing for assisted reproductive technology (ART) procedures. Given the importance of a healthy microbiome for reproductive success, this study sought to explore how probiotics might alter the bacterial composition in the vaginal environment. : We recruited a cohort of 30 women, averaging 37 years of age (ranging from 31 to 43 years), who were scheduled to undergo ART. Using 16S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequencing, we meticulously analyzed the vaginal microbiota composition before and after the administration of oral probiotic supplements. : Our analysis identified 17 distinct microorganisms, including 8 species of Lactobacillus. Following probiotic supplementation, we observed subtle yet notable changes in the vaginal microbiota of some participants. Specifically, there was a decrease in Gardnerella abundance by approximately 20%, and increases in Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium by 10% and 15%, respectively. Additionally, we noted a significant reduction in the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes (F/B) ratio in the probiotic group, indicating potential shifts in the overall bacterial composition. : These preliminary findings suggest that oral probiotic supplementation can induce significant changes in the vaginal microbiota of middle-aged women undergoing ART, potentially improving their overall bacterial profile. Future studies should consider a larger sample size and a narrower age range to validate these results. Investigating factors related to female hormone production could also provide deeper insights. Understanding the effects of probiotics on the vaginal microbiota in patients with ovarian aging may lead to personalized interventions and better reproductive outcomes.
PubMed: 38929949
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13123420