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Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024In our previous study, a new fermented food (PWF) created by utilizing pineapple by-products and whey proteins as a matrix via co-fermentation with lactic acid bacteria...
Investigating the Impact of Pineapple-Whey Protein Fermentation Products on Cefixime-Induced Intestinal Flora Dysbiosis in Mice Using 16S Sequencing and Untargeted Metabolomics Techniques.
In our previous study, a new fermented food (PWF) created by utilizing pineapple by-products and whey proteins as a matrix via co-fermentation with lactic acid bacteria and yeast was developed, and, in the current study, we examined the impact of a pineapple-whey protein fermentation product on a cefixime-induced dysbiosis model in mice using 16S sequencing and untargeted metabolomics techniques. The results indicated that the pineapple-whey protein fermentation product played a positive role in restoring the intestinal flora. In this study, cefixime reduced the overall abundance of intestinal flora and decreased the relative abundance of probiotics in the gut, while also inhibiting amino acid metabolism. The addition of PWF normalized the intestinal flora to a steady state, significantly increasing the populations of , , , and acidophilus, while decreasing the numbers of and . Additionally, PWF modulated microbial metabolites, such as L-glutamate and L-threonine, and upregulated amino-acid-related metabolic pathways, including those involving glycine, serine, and threonine. In conclusion, PWF can alleviate intestinal flora dysbiosis and metabolic disturbances induced by antibiotic interventions. It is suggested that PWF could be a potential dietary strategy for patients with antibiotic-associated diarrhea.
PubMed: 38928868
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121927 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Probiotics have become increasingly recognized for their potential health-promoting properties; however, the viability of probiotics can be affected by storage and...
Probiotics have become increasingly recognized for their potential health-promoting properties; however, the viability of probiotics can be affected by storage and transportation processes as well as the stressful environment of the human digestive tract, preventing them from achieving effective concentration (10 CFU/mL). In this regard, the embedding technology of probiotics provides an effective protection method. Dextran-based water in water (W/W) emulsion loaded with was used as spinning solution to prepare -loaded electrospun fibers. The structure of the W/W emulsion and the electrospun fibers was charactered. were uniformly embedded in the internal phase of the W/W emulsion and the loading efficiency was 9.70 ± 0.40 log CFU/g. After 240 min digestion in the gastrointestinal tract, and temperature treatment in 65 °C and 72 °C, the loaded probiotics maintained high activity. Even after 5 days of storage in room temperature and 4 °C, the loaded probiotic activity levels remained high, with counts >8 log CFU/g. These results suggest that probiotics encapsulated by emulsion electrospinning could be potentially delivered in a novel food delivery system used in the future food industry.
PubMed: 38928837
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121897 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Probiotics are natural microbial agents with beneficial properties such as bacteriostatic and anti-infective properties. Q21, Q25 and QA85, were isolated from the...
Probiotics are natural microbial agents with beneficial properties such as bacteriostatic and anti-infective properties. Q21, Q25 and QA85, were isolated from the Chinese specialty fermented food "Jiangshui" and proved to be highly resistant to ( < 0.0001). In vitro results showed that Q21, Q25 and QA85 strongly inhibited and could specifically co-aggregate in vitro (more than 56%). Strains have the potential to adhere to cells and hinder colonization ( < 0.0001). To assess the anti- efficacy of strains in vivo, volunteers were recruited and a self-controlled study of probiotic intervention was conducted. Compared to pre-probiotics, volunteers who took Q21, Q25 and QA85 for 1 month showed significant improvement in discomfort, a significant reduction in GSRS scores ( < 0.05), and modulation of inflammatory response ( < 0.05). Q21, Q25 and QA85 resulted in a decreasing trend of load in volunteers (454.30 ± 327.00 vs. 328.35 ± 237.19, = 0.06). However, the strains were not significantly effective in modulating the imbalance of the gut microbiota caused by infection. In addition, strains affect metabolic pathways by increasing the levels of O-Phosphoethanolamine and other related metabolites, which may ameliorate associated symptoms. Therefore, Q21, Q25 and QA85 can be regarded as a candidate probiotic preparation that exerts direct or indirect anti- effects by inhibiting activity and colonization, reducing inflammation and discomfort, maintaining homeostasis in the internal environment, affecting the metabolic pathways and repairing the body barrier. They can play a role in relieving infection.
PubMed: 38928794
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121851 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024(syn. ) is often known as mustard and is grown worldwide owing to its health-promoting characteristics associated with the presence of nutrients and phytochemicals....
(syn. ) is often known as mustard and is grown worldwide owing to its health-promoting characteristics associated with the presence of nutrients and phytochemicals. Along with the nutritional components, also contains anti-nutrients (phytates, oxalates, tannins, alkaloids, saponins) that can cause adverse severe health effects to consumers, including rashes, nausea, headaches, bloating and nutritional deficiencies. In the present study, heating (blanching) and fermentation () treatments were applied to reduce the load of the anti-nutrients of leaves harvested at three different growth stages: the first stage (fourth week), the second stage (sixth week) and the third stage (eighth week). Results revealed that fermentation treatment using increases the ash (5.4 to 6%), protein (9 to 10.4%) and fiber (9.6 to 10.7%) contents, whereas moisture (0.91 to 0.82%), fat (9.9 to 9.1%) and carbohydrate (64.5 to 64.2%) contents decreased among samples, and the trend was similar for all three stages. Blanching and fermentation lead to the reduction in phytates (46, 42%), saponins (34, 49%), tannins (1, 10%), oxalates (15, 7%) and alkaloids (10, 6%), separately as compared to raw samples of leaves. In contrast, fermentation had no considerable effect on phytochemical contents (total phenolic and total flavonoids) and antioxidant potential (DPPH and FRAP). The action of blanching followed by fermentation caused more decline in the aforementioned toxicants load as compared to blanching or fermentation alone. Structural modifications in blanching and the biochemical conversions in fermentation lead to enhanced stability of nutrients and antioxidant potential. Taken together, these findings suggest blanching followed by fermentation treatments as a reliable, cost-effective and safer approach to curtail the anti-nutrient load without affecting the proximate composition, phytochemical attributes and antioxidant activity.
PubMed: 38928768
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121826 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024Fermentation is probably the oldest ancient tradition used by indigenous inhabitants for the preservation of food [...].
Fermentation is probably the oldest ancient tradition used by indigenous inhabitants for the preservation of food [...].
PubMed: 38928759
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121817 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jun 2024In the current study, the prebiotic potential of an innovative functional pasta enriched with 12% (/) inulin was investigated. To this aim, pasta was subjected to in...
In the current study, the prebiotic potential of an innovative functional pasta enriched with 12% (/) inulin was investigated. To this aim, pasta was subjected to in vitro gastrointestinal digestion followed by simulated gut fermentation compared to the control pasta (CTRL) not containing inulin. The incorporation of inulin positively ( < 0.05) affected some organoleptic traits and the cooking quality of the final product, giving an overall score significantly higher than CTRL. The resultant essential amino acid content was similar in both pasta samples while the total protein content was lower in inulin-enriched pasta for the polymer substitution to durum wheat flour. The prebiotic potential of chicory inulin was preliminarily tested in in vitro experiments using seven probiotic strains and among them IMPC2.1 was selected for the simulated gut fermentation studies. The positive prebiotic activity score registered with the probiotic strain suggested the suitability of the inulin-enriched pasta with respect to acting as a prebiotic source favoring the growth of the probiotic strain and short chain fatty acid (SCFA) production. The present study contributes to broadening knowledge on the prebiotic efficacy of inulin when incorporated into a complex food matrix.
PubMed: 38928756
DOI: 10.3390/foods13121815 -
Brain Sciences May 2024A growing body of literature suggests a link between bowel syndromes (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease), gut microbiome alterations, and... (Review)
Review
A growing body of literature suggests a link between bowel syndromes (e.g., irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel disease), gut microbiome alterations, and psychiatric disorders. This narrative review aims to explore the potential role of the gut microbiome in the pathogenesis and clinical presentation of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and to explore whether there is sufficient evidence to warrant considering gastrointestinal symptoms and their implication for the gut microbiome during the assessment and treatment of OCD. For this purpose, a PubMed search of studies focusing on OCD, gut microbiota, irritable bowel syndrome, and inflammatory bowel disease was conducted by two independent reviewers. While the current literature on gut microbiome and gastrointestinal issues in OCD remains limited, emerging evidence suggests gut microbiome alterations and high rates of bowel syndromes in this population. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating comprehensive gastrointestinal assessments into the "global assessment of OCD". Such assessment should encompass various factors, including gastrointestinal physical comorbidities and symptoms, nutritional habits, bowel habits, fluid intake, exercise patterns, and potential microbiome dysfunctions and inflammation. Considering the treatment implications, interventions targeting gut health, such as probiotics and dietary modifications, may hold promise in improving symptoms in OCD patients with comorbid gastrointestinal problems. Further research in this area is warranted to better understand the interplay between gut health and OCD and to explore the effectiveness of targeted interventions in improving clinical outcomes.
PubMed: 38928539
DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14060539 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Imbalanced nutrition, such as a high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet, is associated with negative effects on human health. The composition and metabolic activity of the human...
Supplementation of a High-Fat Diet with Pentadecylresorcinol Increases the Representation of in the Mouse Small and Large Intestines and May Protect against Complications Caused by Imbalanced Nutrition.
Imbalanced nutrition, such as a high-fat/high-carbohydrate diet, is associated with negative effects on human health. The composition and metabolic activity of the human gut microbiota are closely related to the type of diet and have been shown to change significantly in response to changes in food content and food supplement administration. Alkylresorcinols (ARs) are lipophilic molecules that have been found to improve lipid metabolism and glycemic control and decrease systemic inflammation. Furthermore, alkylresorcinol intake is associated with changes in intestinal microbiota metabolic activity. However, the exact mechanism through which alkylresorcinols modulate microbiota activity and host metabolism has not been determined. In this study, alterations in the small intestinal microbiota (SIM) and the large intestinal microbiota (LIM) were investigated in mice fed a high-fat diet with or without pentadecylresorcinol (C15) supplementation. High-throughput sequencing was applied for jejunal and colonic microbiota analysis. The results revealed that C15 supplementation in combination with a high-fat diet could decrease blood glucose levels. High-throughput sequencing analysis indicated that C15 intake significantly increased ( < 0.0001) the abundance of the probiotic bacteria and in both the small and large intestines and increased the alpha diversity of LIM ( < 0.05), but not SIM. The preliminary results suggested that one of the mechanisms of the protective effects of alkylresorcinol on a high-fat diet is the modulation of the content of SIM and LIM and metabolic activity to increase the probiotic bacteria that alleviate unhealthy metabolic changes in the host.
Topics: Animals; Diet, High-Fat; Resorcinols; Mice; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Akkermansia; Dietary Supplements; Male; Mice, Inbred C57BL; Intestine, Small
PubMed: 38928317
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126611 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a high prevalence worldwide. AD pathogenesis is complex and consists of immune system dysregulation... (Review)
Review
Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition with a high prevalence worldwide. AD pathogenesis is complex and consists of immune system dysregulation and impaired skin barrier, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. The purpose of the review is to show the complex interplay between atopic dermatitis and the microbiota. Human microbiota plays an important role in AD pathogenesis and the course of the disease. Dysbiosis is an important factor contributing to the development of atopic diseases, including atopic dermatitis. The gut microbiota can influence the composition of the skin microbiota, strengthening the skin barrier and regulating the immune response via the involvement of bacterial metabolites, particularly short-chain fatty acids, in signaling pathways of the gut-skin axis. AD can be modulated by antibiotic intake, dietary adjustments, hygiene, and living conditions. One of the promising strategies for modulating the course of AD is probiotics. This review offers a summary of how the microbiota influences the development and treatment of AD, highlighting aspects that warrant additional investigation.
Topics: Dermatitis, Atopic; Humans; Dysbiosis; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Probiotics; Microbiota; Skin; Animals
PubMed: 38928245
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126539 -
International Journal of Molecular... Jun 2024Many lifestyle-related diseases such as cancer, dementia, myocardial infarction, and stroke are known to be caused by aging, and the WHO's ICD-11 (International...
Many lifestyle-related diseases such as cancer, dementia, myocardial infarction, and stroke are known to be caused by aging, and the WHO's ICD-11 (International Classification of Diseases, 11th edition) created the code "aging-related" in 2022. In other words, aging is irreversible but aging-related diseases are reversible, so taking measures to treat them is important for health longevity and preventing other diseases. Therefore, in this study, we used BioBran containing rice kefiran as an approach to improve aging. Rice kefiran has been reported to improve the intestinal microflora, regulate the intestines, and have anti-aging effects. BioBran has also been reported to have antioxidant effects and improve liver function, and human studies have shown that it affects the diversity of the intestinal microbiota. Quantitative measures of aging that correlate with disease risk are now available through the epigenetic clock test, which examines the entire gene sequence and determines biological age based on the methylation level. Horvath's Clock is the best known of many epigenetic clock tests and was published by Steve Horvath in 2013. In this study, we examine the effect of using Horvath's Clock to improve aging and report on the results, which show a certain effect.
Topics: Oryza; Epigenesis, Genetic; Aging; Pilot Projects; Humans; Biomarkers; Male; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Female; DNA Methylation; Probiotics; Middle Aged; Animals
PubMed: 38928040
DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126332