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Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious... Jun 2024Although Proteus species are occasional causes of serious infections, their epidemiology has not been well defined. The objective was to describe the overall and... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
BACKGROUND
Although Proteus species are occasional causes of serious infections, their epidemiology has not been well defined. The objective was to describe the overall and species-specific occurrence and determinants of Proteus species bloodstream infection (BSI) in a large Australian population.
METHODS
All Queensland residents with Proteus species BSI identified within the publicly funded healthcare system between 2000 and 2019 were included.
RESULTS
A total of 2,143 incident episodes of Proteus species BSI were identified among 2,079 Queensland residents. The prevalence of comorbid illness differed with higher Charlson comorbidity scores observed with P. penneri and P. vulgaris, and higher prevalence of liver disease with P. penneri, higher comorbid cancer with P. vulgaris, and lower diabetes and renal disease prevalence with P. mirabilis BSIs.
CONCLUSION
This study provides novel information on the epidemiology of Proteus species BSI.
Topics: Humans; Bacteremia; Male; Middle Aged; Female; Proteus Infections; Aged; Queensland; Proteus; Prevalence; Adult; Comorbidity; Aged, 80 and over; Young Adult; Proteus mirabilis
PubMed: 38574445
DOI: 10.1016/j.diagmicrobio.2024.116286 -
Environmental Pollution (Barking, Essex... Nov 2023This study investigates the size distribution, microbial composition, and antibiotic resistance (ABR) of airborne bioaerosols at a suburban location in Doha, Qatar...
This study investigates the size distribution, microbial composition, and antibiotic resistance (ABR) of airborne bioaerosols at a suburban location in Doha, Qatar between October 2021 and January 2022. Samples were collected using an Andersen six-stage viable cascade impactor and a liquid impinger. Findings showed that the mean bacteria concentration (464 CFU/m) was significantly higher than that of fungi (242 CFU/m) during the study period. Both bacteria and fungi were most abundant in the aerodynamic size fractions of 1.10-2.21 μm, with peak concentrations observed in the mornings and lowest concentrations in the afternoons across all size fractions. A total of 24 different culturable species were identified, with the most abundant ones being Pasteurella pneumotropica (9.71%), Pantoea spp. 1 (8.73%), and Proteus penneri (7.77%) spp. At the phylum level, the bacterial community configurations during the autumn and winter seasons were nearly identical as revealed by molecular genomics, with Proteobacteria being the most predominant, followed by Firmicutes, Bacteroidetes, Acidobacteriota, and Planctomycetota. However, there was a significant variation in dominant genera between autumn and winter. The most abundant genera included Sphingomonas, Paraburkholderia, Comamonas, Bacillus, and Lysinibacillus. Several bacterial genera identified in this study have important public health and ecological implications, including the risk of respiratory tract infections. Furthermore, the study found that ABR was highest in December, with bioaerosols exhibiting resistance to at least 5 out of 10 antibiotics, and 100% resistance to Metronidazole in all samples. Metagenomics analysis revealed the presence of various airborne bacteria that were not detected through culture-dependent methods. This study provides valuable insights into the airborne microbial composition, temporal variability and ABR in the Arabian Gulf region.
PubMed: 37598930
DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.122401 -
BMC Infectious Diseases May 2023Proteus spp. are widespread in the environment and comprise a part of the normal flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Only six species in this genus, including...
BACKGROUND
Proteus spp. are widespread in the environment and comprise a part of the normal flora of the human gastrointestinal tract. Only six species in this genus, including Proteus mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus terrae, Proteus penneri, Proteus hauseri, and Proteus faecis, have been isolated from human clinical specimens. However, there are no reports of Proteus alimentorum isolated from humans, and the clinical characteristics of P. alimentorum infection are unknown.
CASE PRESENTATION
An 85-year-old female patient with peritoneal cancer was hospitalized for complicated pyelonephritis and bacteremia caused by P. alimentorum. The patient received antimicrobial therapy and was discharged on day 7 of hospitalization. No recurrence was observed 14 days after the treatment. Various methods were used to identify the Proteus sp. Furthermore, the VITEK-2 GN ID card resulted in low discrimination between P. hauseri and P. penneri. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry showed P. hauseri with a spectral score of 2.22 as the best match. Nevertheless, the pathogen was identified as P. alimentorum based on genetic investigation using 16 S rRNA gene sequencing and biochemical tests.
CONCLUSION
Proteus alimentorum is a human pathogen, and its infection has an excellent therapeutic response to antimicrobials based on antimicrobial susceptibility. Genomic methods may be helpful for the precise identification of P. alimentorum.
Topics: Female; Humans; Aged, 80 and over; Neoplasms; Proteus; Pyelonephritis; RNA, Ribosomal; Proteus Infections
PubMed: 37189038
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-023-08296-8 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2023A strain of with carbapenem resistance was found in a patient with a diabetic foot infection. We studied drug resistance, genome, and homology of to support clinical...
OBJECTIVE
A strain of with carbapenem resistance was found in a patient with a diabetic foot infection. We studied drug resistance, genome, and homology of to support clinical prevention and treatment of infection caused by carbapenem-resistant (CR-PPE).
METHODS
The strains were obtained through bacterial culture from purulence. VITEK 2 compact (GN13) and Kirby-Bauer (K-B) disk diffusion methods were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Ceftriaxone, amikacin, gentamicin, ampicillin, aztreonam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cefepime, trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole, tobramycin, cefotetan, piperacillin-tazobactam, ampicillin-sulbactam, ertapenem, piperacillin, meropenem, cefuroxime, cefazolin, cefoperazone/sulbactam, cefoxitin, and imipenem were used for antimicrobial susceptibility testing. After bacterial genome extraction, sequencing, and sequence assembly, whole-genome sequencing (WGS) was performed to explore the CR-PPE genotype.
RESULTS
CR-PPE was resistant to two carbapenems (imipenem and ertapenem), ceftriaxone, and cefazolin, and was sensitive to aztreonam, piperacillin-tazobactam, and cefotetan. WGS results depict that the resistant phenotype of CR-PPE is consistent with the genotype, without common virulence genes of bacteria detected (virulence factor database). The carbapenem resistance gene is contained in a new plasmid, . The transposon in carrying has almost the same structure as in the reference plasmid (Accession: MH491967). In addition, through phylogenetic analysis, CR-PPE depicts the closest evolutionary relationship with GCF 024129515.1, which was found in in the Czech Republic in 2019 (downloaded from National Center for Biotechnology Information database). According to the evolutionary tree, CR-PPE has high homology with the two strains found in China.
CONCLUSION
CR-PPE exhibits strong drug resistance owing to the presence of multiple resistance genes. CR-PPE infection should receive more attention, especially in patients with underlying diseases, such as diabetes and weak immunity.
PubMed: 36861016
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S398914 -
IScience Sep 2022Microorganisms with high selenite-tolerant and efficient reduction ability of selenite have seldom been reported. In this study, a highly selenite-resistant strain (up...
Microorganisms with high selenite-tolerant and efficient reduction ability of selenite have seldom been reported. In this study, a highly selenite-resistant strain (up to 500 mM), isolated from lateritic red soil, was identified as LAB-1. Remarkably, isolate LAB-1 reduced nearly 2 mM of selenite within 18 h with the production of selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) at the beginning of the exponential phase. Moreover, selenite reduction activities of strain LAB-1 were detected in the membrane protein fraction with or without NADPH/NADH as electron donors. Strain LAB-1 transported selenite to the membrane via nitrate transport protein. The selenite was reduced to SeNPs through the glutathione pathway and the catalysis of nitrate reductase, and the glutathione pathway played the decisive role. LAB-1 could be a potential candidate for the selenite bioremediation and SeNPs synthesis.
PubMed: 36097619
DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104904 -
Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao = Chinese... Nov 2021High cholesterol is one of the important factors inducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Drug therapy is the main method for reducing cholesterol, but has...
High cholesterol is one of the important factors inducing cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. Drug therapy is the main method for reducing cholesterol, but has the disadvantages such as high cost and side effects. Studies have shown that intestinal bacteria play important roles in cholesterol metabolism. However, there are few reports on the screening and functional evaluation of cholesterol-lowering intestinal bacteria. In this study, 36 bile-tolerant bacteria were screened from healthy people stool through culturomics using bovine bile acid or artificial mixed bile acids as substrates. Taking Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG) as a positive control, three bile acid concentration groups (0 g/L, 0.3 g/L, 3 g/L) were set up to evaluate the cholesterol-lowering ability of bile-tolerant bacteria in vitro. Ten bacteria (including Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Proteus vulgaris et al) were identified as the dominant cholesterol-lowering bacteria. Six of the above bacteria, Proteus mirabilis, Providencia stuartii, Proteus vulgaris, Proteus penneri, Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica, Providencia rettger, were evaluated for their ability to reduce triglycerides in vitro and tolerance to artificial gastric juice. Comparing with strain LGG, the six bacteria showed better triglyceride-lowering ability in vitro. With the decrease of pH value of artificial gastric juice and the increase of treatment time, the survival rate of six bacteria decreased. The above screening experiments and functional evaluation provide a basis for further development of potential cholesterol-lowering bacterial products.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Cholesterol; Gammaproteobacteria; Humans; Proteus mirabilis; Providencia
PubMed: 34841780
DOI: 10.13345/j.cjb.210336 -
Scientific Reports Sep 2021In the years 2006-2011, 617 Proteus spp. strains isolated mostly from urine and wounds or other clinical sources were collected in Łódź, Poland, to determine the...
In the years 2006-2011, 617 Proteus spp. strains isolated mostly from urine and wounds or other clinical sources were collected in Łódź, Poland, to determine the offensive O serotypes frequently occurring among patients. P. mirabilis exhibited the most intensive swarming growth and was dominating species (86.9%), followed by P. genomospecies, P. vulgaris, and P. penneri. Ninety four per cent strains were recognized as S (smooth) forms. Serological studies (involving ELISA-enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and Western blotting using native and adsorbed rabbit antisera) enabled classification of 80% S isolates into respective Proteus O serogroups among the 83 ones, described so far. The remaining strains seemed to be serologically unique. Despite the observed big serological variety of Proteus spp. isolates, we found the O78 serogroup recently described in Poland as dominating and identified other widespread serotypes: O3, O6, O10, O11, O27, O28, and O30 reported earlier as predominating also in other countries; O77 and O79 detected lately in Poland; O16, O18, O20, and O50. No unique structural feature of the prevalent O serotypes has been indicated. However, the prevalence of some O serogroups indicates that particular serotypes may be in some ways beneficial to the strains producing these kinds of O antigen.
Topics: Humans; O Antigens; Poland; Proteus; Proteus Infections; Serogroup; Serotyping; Virulence
PubMed: 34556711
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-98228-w -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2021spp. and spp. cause hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are often related to the use of catheters. To create a vaccine preventing UTI, immunogenic...
spp. and spp. cause hospital-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs), which are often related to the use of catheters. To create a vaccine preventing UTI, immunogenic bacterial antigens with common epitopes are still being looked for. In this work, the role of polysaccharide antigens of four spp. and eight spp. strains in serological cross-reactions with specific antisera was examined. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Western blotting, and silver staining by Tsai method were performed. The and spp. LPSs and cells were used as antigens. Polyclonal rabbit sera specific to 0.023 and 0.062 strains and four spp. LPSs were obtained. The ELISA and Western blotting results showed the strongest cross-reactions occurring between lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) from four strains and O42 antiserum. The silver-staining procedure revealed the patterns typical of both slow- and fast-migrating mass species of the LPSs. The spp. antigens also cross-reacted with four antisera, and most of the reactions were observed as low-migrating patterns. From two antisera obtained in this work, only one, the 0.062 antiserum, cross-reacted with satisfactory strength with LPSs (19, 22, and 60). Obtaining cross-reactions between the antigens of strains and antisera and in the opposite systems is important for proving the immunogenic role of polysaccharide antigens in triggering the immunological response.
Topics: Animals; Cross Reactions; Klebsiella; Lipopolysaccharides; O Antigens; Proteus; Rabbits; Serotyping
PubMed: 34513729
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2021.707578 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Apr 2021Naja atra is a major venomous snake found in Taiwan. The bite of this snake causes extensive wound necrosis or necrotizing soft tissue infection. Conventional microbial...
An investigation of conventional microbial culture for the Naja atra bite wound, and the comparison between culture-based 16S Sanger sequencing and 16S metagenomics of the snake oropharyngeal bacterial microbiota.
Naja atra is a major venomous snake found in Taiwan. The bite of this snake causes extensive wound necrosis or necrotizing soft tissue infection. Conventional microbial culture-based techniques may fail to identify potential human pathogens and render antibiotics ineffective in the management of wound infection. Therefore, we evaluated 16S Sanger sequencing and next-generation sequencing (NGS) to identify bacterial species in the oropharynx of N. atra. Using conventional microbial culture methods and the VITEK 2 system, we isolated nine species from snakebite wounds. On the basis of the 16S Sanger sequencing of bacterial clones from agar plates, we identified 18 bacterial species in the oropharynx of N. atra, including Morganella morganii, Proteus vulgaris, and Proteus mirabilis, which were also present in the infected bite wound. Using NGS of 16S metagenomics, we uncovered more than 286 bacterial species in the oropharynx of N. atra. In addition, the bacterial species identified using 16S Sanger sequencing accounted for only 2% of those identified through NGS of 16S metagenomics. The bacterial microbiota of the oropharynx of N. atra were modeled better using NGS of 16S metagenomics compared to microbial culture-based techniques. Stenotrophomonas maltophilia, Acinetobacter baumannii, and Proteus penneri were also identified in the NGS of 16S metagenomics. Understanding the bacterial microbiota that are native to the oropharynx of N. atra, in addition to the bite wound, may have additional therapeutic implications regarding empiric antibiotic selection for managing N. atra bites.
Topics: Adult; Aged; Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Female; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Humans; Male; Metagenomics; Middle Aged; Naja naja; Oropharynx; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Snake Bites; Taiwan; Wound Infection
PubMed: 33857127
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0009331 -
Nature Communications Jun 2020Bacteria have evolved sophisticated adaptive immune systems, called CRISPR-Cas, that provide sequence-specific protection against phage infection. In turn, phages have...
Bacteria have evolved sophisticated adaptive immune systems, called CRISPR-Cas, that provide sequence-specific protection against phage infection. In turn, phages have evolved a broad spectrum of anti-CRISPRs that suppress these immune systems. Here we report structures of anti-CRISPR protein IF9 (AcrIF9) in complex with the type I-F CRISPR RNA-guided surveillance complex (Csy). In addition to sterically blocking the hybridization of complementary dsDNA to the CRISPR RNA, our results show that AcrIF9 binding also promotes non-sequence-specific engagement with dsDNA, potentially sequestering the complex from target DNA. These findings highlight the versatility of anti-CRISPR mechanisms utilized by phages to suppress CRISPR-mediated immune systems.
Topics: Amino Acid Sequence; Bacteria; Bacterial Proteins; Bacteriophages; CRISPR-Cas Systems; Cryoelectron Microscopy; DNA; Models, Molecular; Multiprotein Complexes; Nucleic Acid Conformation; Protein Binding; Protein Conformation; Proteus penneri; RNA, Guide, CRISPR-Cas Systems; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; Viral Proteins
PubMed: 32483187
DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-16512-1