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Cancer Diagnosis & Prognosis 2024Sarcopenia accompanied by systemic inflammation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia...
BACKGROUND/AIM
Sarcopenia accompanied by systemic inflammation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with cancer. This study evaluated the prognostic significance of sarcopenia (myopenia and myosteatosis) and systemic inflammatory markers in older patients (aged ≥80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer.
PATIENTS AND METHODS
Patients who underwent resection for biliary tract cancer between July 2010 and January 2023 at the NHO Fukuyama Medical Center were retrospectively reviewed. Preoperative computed tomography measured myopenia and myosteatosis, using the psoas muscle index and modified intramuscular adipose tissue content. Associations between clinicopathological characteristics, inflammation-based prognostic scores, and overall survival were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards models.
RESULTS
Univariate analysis revealed low C-reactive protein-to-albumin ratio (<0.125), low prognostic nutritional index (<42), low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content, higher T-stage (T3-4), lymph node metastasis, and postoperative complications associated with worse overall survival in older patients (aged ≥ 80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer (n=48). Multivariate analysis identified low prognostic nutritional index (<42) (p=0.007), low modified intramuscular adipose tissue content (p=0.015), higher T-stage (T3-4) (p<0.001), lymph node metastasis (p=0.001), and postoperative complications (p=0.017) as independent predictors of overall survival.
CONCLUSION
Preoperative myosteatosis and low prognostic nutritional index are independent prognostic factors for overall survival in older patients (aged ≥80 years) with resected biliary tract cancer. These factors may be useful for risk stratification and clinical decision-making. Early interventions, such as nutritional support and physical exercise, may improve outcomes after resection of biliary tract cancer.
PubMed: 38434914
DOI: 10.21873/cdp.10301 -
The Spine Journal : Official Journal of... Jul 2024The role of lumbar paraspinal muscle health in back pain (BP) is not straightforward. Challenges in this field have included the lack of tools and large, heterogenous...
Investigating the associations between lumbar paraspinal muscle health and age, BMI, sex, physical activity, and back pain using an automated computer-vision model: a UK Biobank study.
BACKGROUND CONTEXT
The role of lumbar paraspinal muscle health in back pain (BP) is not straightforward. Challenges in this field have included the lack of tools and large, heterogenous datasets to interrogate the association between muscle health and BP. Computer-vision models have been transformative in this space, enabling the automated quantification of muscle health and the processing of large datasets.
PURPOSE
To investigate the associations between lumbar paraspinal muscle health and age, sex, BMI, physical activity, and BP in a large, heterogenous dataset using an automated computer-vision model.
DESIGN
Cross-sectional study.
PATIENT SAMPLE
Participants from the UK Biobank with abdominal Dixon fat-water MRI (N=9,564) were included (41.8% women, mean [SD] age: 63.5 [7.6] years, BMI: 26.4 [4.1] kg/m) of whom 6,953 reported no pain, 930 acute BP, and 1,681 chronic BP.
OUTCOME MEASURES
Intramuscular fat (IMF) and average cross-sectional area (aCSA) were automatically derived using a computer-vision model for the left and right lumbar multifidus (LM), erector spinae (ES), and psoas major (PM) from the L1 to L5 vertebral levels.
METHODS
Two-tailed partial Pearson correlations were generated for each muscle to assess the relationships between the muscle measures (IMF and aCSA) and age (controlling for BMI, sex, and physical activity), BMI (controlling for age, sex, and physical activity), and physical activity (controlling for age, sex, and BMI). One-way ANCOVA was used to identify sex differences in IMF and aCSA for each muscle while controlling for age, BMI, and physical activity. Similarly, one-way ANCOVA was used to identify between-group differences (no pain, acute BP, and chronic BP) for each muscle and along the superior-inferior expanse of the lumbar spine while controlling for age, BMI, sex, and physical activity (α=0.05).
RESULTS
Females had higher IMF (LM mean difference [MD]=11.1%, ES MD=10.2%, PM MD=0.3%, p<.001) and lower aCSA (LM MD=47.6 mm, ES MD=350.0 mm, PM MD=321.5 mm, p<.001) for all muscles. Higher age was associated with higher IMF and lower aCSA for all muscles (r≥0.232, p<.001) except for LM and aCSA (r≤0.013, p≥.267). Higher BMI was associated with higher IMF and aCSA for all muscles (r≥0.174, p<.001). Higher physical activity was associated with lower IMF and higher aCSA for all muscles (r≥0.036, p≤.002) except for LM and aCSA (r≤0.010, p≥.405). People with chronic BP had higher IMF and lower aCSA than people with no pain (IMF MD≤1.6%, aCSA MD≤27.4 mm, p<.001) and higher IMF compared to acute BP (IMF MD≤1.1%, p≤.044). The differences between people with BP and people with no pain were not spatially localized to the inferior lumbar levels but broadly distributed across the lumbar spine.
CONCLUSIONS
Paraspinal muscle health is associated with age, BMI, sex, and physical activity with the exception of the association between LM aCSA and age and physical activity. People with BP (chronic>acute) have higher IMF and lower aCSA than people reporting no pain. The differences were not localized but broadly distributed across the lumbar spine. When interpreting measures of paraspinal muscle health in the research or clinical setting, the associations with age, BMI, sex, and physical activity should be considered.
Topics: Humans; Female; Male; Middle Aged; Paraspinal Muscles; Aged; Body Mass Index; United Kingdom; Exercise; Cross-Sectional Studies; Age Factors; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Sex Factors; Lumbosacral Region; Back Pain; Lumbar Vertebrae; Low Back Pain; UK Biobank
PubMed: 38417587
DOI: 10.1016/j.spinee.2024.02.013 -
Korean Journal of Radiology Mar 2024We previously found that the incidence of sarcopenia increased with declining glucose metabolism of muscle in patients with treatment-naïve diffuse large B-cell...
OBJECTIVE
We previously found that the incidence of sarcopenia increased with declining glucose metabolism of muscle in patients with treatment-naïve diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). This study aimed to investigate the relationship between sarcopenia and muscle glucometabolism using F-FDG PET/CT at baseline and end-of-treatment, analyze the changes in these parameters through treatment, and assess their prognostic values.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
The records of 103 patients with DLBCL (median 54 years [range, 21-76]; male:female, 50:53) were retrospectively reviewed. Skeletal muscle area at the third lumbar vertebral (L3) level was measured, and skeletal muscle index (SMI) was calculated to determine sarcopenia, defined as SMI < 44.77 cm²/m² and < 32.50 cm²/m² for male and female, respectively. Glucometabolic parameters of the psoas major muscle, including maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax) and mean standardized uptake value (SUVmean), were measured at L3 as well. Their changes across treatment were also calculated as ΔSMI, ΔSUVmax, and ΔSUVmean; Δbody mass index was also calculated. Associations between SMI and the metabolic parameters were analyzed, and their associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) were identified.
RESULTS
The incidence of sarcopenia was 29.1% and 36.9% before and after treatment, respectively. SMI ( = 0.004) was lower, and sarcopenia was more frequent ( = 0.011) at end-of-treatment than at baseline. The SUVmax and SUVmean of muscle were lower ( < 0.001) in sarcopenia than in non-sarcopenia at both baseline and end-of-treatment. ΔSMI was positively correlated with ΔSUVmax of muscle ( = 0.022). Multivariable Cox regression analysis showed that sarcopenia at end-of-treatment was independently negatively associated with PFS (adjusted hazard ratio [95% confidence interval], 2.469 [1.022-5.965]), while sarcopenia at baseline was independently negatively associated with OS (5.051 [1.453-17.562]).
CONCLUSION
Sarcopenic patients had lower muscle glucometabolism, and the muscular and metabolic changes across treatment were positively correlated. Sarcopenia at baseline and end-of-treatment was negatively associated with the prognosis of DLBCL.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Sarcopenia; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Muscle, Skeletal; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse
PubMed: 38413112
DOI: 10.3348/kjr.2023.0949 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Feb 2024The Prone Transpsoas (PTP) approach to lumbar spine surgery, emerging as an evolution of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), offers significant advantages over... (Review)
Review
The Prone Transpsoas (PTP) approach to lumbar spine surgery, emerging as an evolution of lateral lumbar interbody fusion (LLIF), offers significant advantages over traditional methods. PTP has demonstrated increased lumbar lordosis gains compared to LLIF, owing to the natural increase in lordosis afforded by prone positioning. Additionally, the prone position offers anatomical advantages, with shifts in the psoas muscle and lumbar plexus, reducing the likelihood of postoperative femoral plexopathy and moving critical peritoneal contents away from the approach. Furthermore, operative efficiency is a notable benefit of PTP. By eliminating the need for intraoperative position changes, PTP reduces surgical time, which in turn decreases the risk of complications and operative costs. Finally, its versatility extends to various lumbar pathologies, including degeneration, adjacent segment disease, and deformities. The growing body of evidence indicates that PTP is at least as safe as traditional approaches, with a potentially better complication profile. In this narrative review, we review the historical evolution of lateral interbody fusion, culminating in the prone transpsoas approach. We also describe several adjuncts of PTP, including robotics and radiation-reduction methods. Finally, we illustrate the versatility of PTP and its uses, ranging from 'simple' degenerative cases to complex deformity surgeries.
PubMed: 38398424
DOI: 10.3390/jcm13041112 -
Animals : An Open Access Journal From... Feb 2024Poor tenderness of camel meat has seriously hampered the development of the camel meat industry. This study investigated the effects of muscle fiber composition and...
Poor tenderness of camel meat has seriously hampered the development of the camel meat industry. This study investigated the effects of muscle fiber composition and ageing time on meat quality, glycolytic potential, and glycolysis-related enzyme activities. Muscle samples of the longissimus thoracis (LT), psoas major (PM), and semitendinosus (ST) were collected from eight 8-10 year old Sonid s (females). Muscle fiber composition was examined by ATPase staining and immunohistochemistry. Meat quality indexes, glycolytic potential, and activities of major glycolytic enzymes were examined at 4 °C aging for 1, 6, 24, 72, and 120 h. The results showed that LT was mainly composed of type IIb muscle fibers, whereas PM and ST were mainly composed of type I muscle fibers. The PCR results of the myosin heavy chain (MyHC) were consistent with the ATPase staining results. During aging, the shear force of LT muscle was always greater than that of PM and ST, and its glycolysis was the strongest; type IIa, IIb, and IIx muscle fibers were positively correlated with muscle shear force and glycolysis rate, and type I muscle fibers were significantly and negatively correlated with the activities of the key enzymes of glycolysis within 6 h. The results showed that the muscle fibers of LT muscle had the greatest glycolysis capacity. These results suggest that an excessive type IIb muscle fiber number percentage and area in camel meat accelerated the glycolysis process, but seriously affected the sensory profile of the camel meat. The results of this study provide directions for the camel industry when addressing the poor tenderness of camel meat.
PubMed: 38396579
DOI: 10.3390/ani14040611 -
Asian Journal of Surgery Jul 2024Sarcopenia accompanied by systemic inflammation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effect of...
BACKGROUND
Sarcopenia accompanied by systemic inflammation is associated with poor prognosis in patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the effect of sarcopenia combined with systemic inflammation on the prognosis of patients with advanced HCC who underwent hepatectomy is unclear. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of sarcopenia and inflammation on the prognosis of patients with advanced HCC.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 151 patients recruited between July 2010 and December 2022. We defined advanced HCC as that presenting with vascular invasion or tumor size ≥2 cm or multiple tumors. Sarcopenia was assessed using the psoas muscle index. Preoperative inflammatory markers were used by calculating the prognostic nutritional index, albumin-globulin ratio (AGR), neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio. Cox regression analysis was performed to determine the prognostic factors for overall survival.
RESULTS
Of 151 patients, sarcopenia occurred in 84 (55.6 %). Sarcopenia was significantly associated with male sex, older age, body mass index (<25 kg/m), and a higher NLR. In the multivariate analysis, AGR <1.25 (hazard ratio [HR], 2.504; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.325-4.820; p < 0.05); alpha-fetoprotein levels ≥25 ng/mL (HR, 1.891; 95% CI: 1.016-3.480; p = 0.04); and sarcopenia (HR, 1.908; 95% CI: 1.009-3.776; p < 0.05) were independent predictors of overall survival. The sarcopenia and low AGR groups had significantly worse overall survival than either the non-sarcopenia and high AGR or sarcopenia and low AGR groups.
CONCLUSION
Sarcopenia and AGR are independent prognostic factors in patients with advanced HCC. Thus, sarcopenia may achieve a better prognostic value when combined with AGR.
Topics: Humans; Sarcopenia; Male; Female; Hepatectomy; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Liver Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Prognosis; Inflammation; Aged; Predictive Value of Tests; Neutrophils; Nutrition Assessment; Biomarkers
PubMed: 38388270
DOI: 10.1016/j.asjsur.2024.02.004 -
Clinical Nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) Mar 2024The aim of this study is using clinical factors and non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) deep features of the psoas muscles at third lumbar vertebral (L3) level to...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study is using clinical factors and non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) deep features of the psoas muscles at third lumbar vertebral (L3) level to construct a model to predict malnutrition in gastric cancer before surgery, and to provide a new nutritional status assessment and survival assessment tool for gastric cancer patients.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of 312 patients of gastric cancer were divided into malnutrition group and normal group based on Nutrition Risk Screening 2002(NRS-2002). 312 regions of interest (ROI) of the psoas muscles at L3 level of non-enhanced CT were delineated. Deep learning (DL) features were extracted from the ROI using a deep migration model and were screened by principal component analysis (PCA) and least-squares operator (LASSO). The clinical predictors included Body Mass Index (BMI), lymphocyte and albumin. Both deep learning model (including deep learning features) and mixed model (including selected deep learning features and selected clinical predictors) were constructed by 11 classifiers. The model was evaluated and selected by calculating receiver operating characteristic (ROC), area under curve (AUC), accuracy, sensitivity and specificity, calibration curve and decision curve analysis (DCA). The Cohen's Kappa coefficient (κ) was using to compare the diagnostic agreement for malnutrition between the mixed model and the GLIM in gastric cancer patients.
RESULT
The results of logistics multivariate analysis showed that BMI [OR = 0.569 (95% CI 0.491-0.660)], lymphocyte [OR = 0.638 (95% CI 0.408-0.998)], and albumin [OR = 0.924 (95% CI 0.859-0.994)] were clinically independent malnutrition of gastric cancer predictor(P < 0.05). Among the 11 classifiers, the Multilayer Perceptron (MLP)were selected as the best classifier. The AUC of the training and test sets for deep learning model were 0.806 (95% CI 0.7485-0.8635) and 0.769 (95% CI 0.673-0.863) and with accuracies were 0.734 and 0.766, respectively. The AUC of the training and test sets for the mixed model were 0.909 (95% CI 0.869-0.948) and 0.857 (95% CI 0.782-0.931) and with accuracies of 0.845 and 0.861, respectively. The DCA confirmed the clinical benefit of the both models. The Cohen's Kappa coefficient (κ) was 0.647 (P < 0.001). Diagnostic agreement for malnutrition between the mixed model and GLIM criteria was good. The mixed model was used to calculate the predicted probability of malnutrition in gastric cancer patients, which was divided into high-risk and low-risk groups by median, and the survival analysis showed that the overall survival time of the high-risk group was significantly lower than that of the low-risk group (P = 0.005).
CONCLUSION
Deep learning based on mixed model may be a potential tool for predicting malnutrition in gastric cancer patients.
Topics: Humans; Stomach Neoplasms; Deep Learning; Retrospective Studies; Malnutrition; Albumins; Tomography; Benzamides; Phenylenediamines
PubMed: 38377634
DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2024.02.005 -
La Tunisie Medicale Apr 2023Sarcopenia is an underdiagnosed and understudied complication of cirrhosis, especially in patients not undergoing liver transplantation.
INTRODUCTION
Sarcopenia is an underdiagnosed and understudied complication of cirrhosis, especially in patients not undergoing liver transplantation.
AIM
To evaluate the prevalence and prognostic impact of radiological sarcopenia in non-transplanted cirrhotic patients.
METHODS
Longitudinal retrospective study including cirrhotic patients explored by an abdominal CT scan, over a period of 6 years, in a single gastroenterology department in Tunisia. Sarcopenia was defined according to transversal psoas muscle thickness normalized to height (TPMT/h) in the sagittal CT slice. Two groups were defined: Group 1 with sarcopenia (TPMT/h <16.8mm/m); and Group 2 without sarcopenia (TPMT/h ≥16.8mm/m).
RESULTS
Seventy patients were included (mean age=62 years). The mean MELD score was 12.81 and the mean TPMT/h of 13.56 mm/m. Forty-four patients were sarcopenic (63%). When included, the 2 groups' baseline characteristics were comparable except for women predominance and refractory ascites in group 1. After an average of 21-month follow-up, sarcopenia was associated with a higher number of complications per patient (p=0.013) and a longer average hospital stay duration per patient (p=0.001). Overall survival was significantly decreased in sarcopenic patients (p=0.035). Survival rates at 6 months, 1 year, and 2 years were respectively 42%, 30%, and 24% in Group 1 versus 67%, 40%, and 27% in Group 2. Sarcopenia was an independent factor of mortality in multivariate analysis (OR=2.5; 95% IC [1.02-6.16]; p=0.045).
CONCLUSION
Sarcopenia is frequent and an independent poor prognostic factor in cirrhosis. TPMT/h is an easy and often available method for sarcopenia diagnosis.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; Sarcopenia; Retrospective Studies; Prevalence; Liver Cirrhosis; Prognosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed
PubMed: 38372536
DOI: No ID Found -
North American Spine Society Journal Mar 2024The reported level of lumbar paraspinal intramuscular fat (IMF) in people with low back pain (LBP) varies considerably across studies using conventional T- and...
BACKGROUND
The reported level of lumbar paraspinal intramuscular fat (IMF) in people with low back pain (LBP) varies considerably across studies using conventional T- and T-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) sequences. This may be due to the different thresholding models employed to quantify IMF. In this study we investigated the accuracy and reliability of established (two-component) and novel (three-component) thresholding models to measure lumbar paraspinal IMF from T-weighted MRI.
METHODS
In this cross-sectional study, we included MRI scans from 30 people with LBP (50% female; mean (SD) age: 46.3 (15.0) years). Gaussian mixture modelling (GMM) and K-means clustering were used to quantify IMF bilaterally from the lumbar multifidus, erector spinae, and psoas major using two and three-component thresholding approaches (GMM; K-means; GMM; and K-means). Dixon fat-water MRI was used as the reference for IMF. Accuracy was measured using Bland-Altman analyses, and reliability was measured using ICC. The mean absolute error between thresholding models was compared using repeated-measures ANOVA and post-hoc paired sample t-tests (α = 0.05).
RESULTS
We found poor reliability for K-means (ICC ≤ 0.38), moderate to good reliability for K-means (ICC ≥ 0.68), moderate reliability for GMM (ICC ≥ 0.63) and good reliability for GMM (ICC ≥ 0.77). The GMM (p < .001) and three-component models (p < .001) had smaller mean absolute errors than K-means and two-component models, respectively. None of the investigated models adequately quantified IMF for psoas major (ICC ≤ 0.01).
CONCLUSIONS
The performance of automated thresholding models is strongly dependent on the choice of algorithms, number of components, and muscle assessed. Compared to Dixon MRI, the GMM performed better than K-means and three-component performed better than two-component models for quantifying lumbar multifidus and erector spinae IMF. None of the investigated models accurately quantified IMF for psoas major. Future research is needed to investigate the performance of thresholding models in a more heterogeneous clinical dataset and across different sites and vendors.
PubMed: 38370337
DOI: 10.1016/j.xnsj.2024.100313