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Women's Health (London, England) 2024Globally, infertility is known as a major problem which can ruin a couple's relationship. In recent years, many studies have addressed the causes of infertility, the...
BACKGROUND
Globally, infertility is known as a major problem which can ruin a couple's relationship. In recent years, many studies have addressed the causes of infertility, the outcomes of treatments for infertility, and the effects of infertility on couples' mental health; however, the concept of dignity of women living with infertility has never been examined in depth.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to explore the dignity of women living with infertility in Iran.
DESIGN
This qualitative research was conducted via conventional content analysis approach.
METHODS
This qualitative study was conducted in Iran from February to December 2022. In this research, the data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured in-depth interviews with 23 women living with infertility selected via purposive sampling. The interviews were continued until reaching the data saturation point. Data analysis was performed simultaneously with data collection. The interviews were recorded, transcribed, and analyzed through Graneheim and Lundman style content analysis, with data management done using the MAXQDA software. To achieve the accuracy and validity of the study, the four-dimension criteria by Lincoln and Guba, namely credibility, dependability, conformability, and transformability, were considered and used.
RESULTS
Analysis of the qualitative data yielded three themes and eight subthemes. The three main themes were (1) overcoming identity crises (overcoming dysthymia, coping with unaccomplished motherhood), (2) respect for personal identity (respect for confidentiality; respect for beliefs, values, and attitudes; avoidance of stigma and pity), and (3) compassion-focused therapy (sympathizing, mental and spiritual support, and enhancement of life skills).
CONCLUSION
Dignity of women living with infertility encompasses overcoming identity crises, respect for personal identity, and compassion therapy. The policymakers and administrators in the healthcare system can use the findings of this study to create a proper clinical environment toward preserving the dignity of women living with infertility.
Topics: Humans; Female; Iran; Qualitative Research; Adult; Infertility, Female; Respect; Personhood; Interviews as Topic; Infertility; Perception
PubMed: 38836384
DOI: 10.1177/17455057241260027 -
BMC Psychiatry Jun 2024Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a mental disorder that happens after someone experienced traumatic event within duration of less than a month. Other studies conducted in...
INTRODUCTION
Acute stress disorder (ASD) is a mental disorder that happens after someone experienced traumatic event within duration of less than a month. Other studies conducted in different countries revealed that adults with a trauma had experienced acute stress disorder. This results in substantial distress and interferes with social and day to day activities. Despite the high burden of this problem, very little is known about the prevalence and risk factors for acute stress disorder in adults with traumatic injuries in Ethiopia.
OBJECTIVE
This study was aimed to assess the prevalence of acute stress disorder and associated factors among adult trauma patients attending in northwest Amhara Comprehensive Specialized Hospitals, Ethiopia 2022.
METHODS
An institutional based cross-sectional study design was employed among 422 adult trauma patients from May- June 2022. Systematic sampling technique was applied to recruit study participants. Data were collected through interviewer administered questionnaires using the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition, acute stress disorder measurement tools. Then, it was entered into Epi-Data version 4 and exported to STATA version 14 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable binary logistic regressions model were carried out to identify factors significantly associated acute stress disorder.
RESULT
The prevalence of acute stress disorder among adult trauma patients in northwest Amhara comprehensive specialized hospitals was found to be 44.15% (95% CI: 39.4%, 49.0%) with 99% of response rate. In multivariate logistic analysis younger age (21-29) (AOR = 0.33 95% CI: 0.14-0.77), (30-39) (AOR = 0.35 95% CI: 0.15-0.85), (40-49) (AOR = 0.28 95% CI: 0.10-0.76) respectively, presence of complication (AOR = 2.22 95% CI: 1.36-3.60), prolonged length of hospital stay (AOR = 1.89 95% CI: 1.21-2.95) and having low (AOR = 3.21, 95% CI: 1.66-6.19) and moderate (AOR = 1.99, 95%, CI: 1.14-3.48) social support were factors significantly associated with acute stress disorder.
CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
This study showed that the prevalence of acute stress disorder among the adult study participants who experienced traumatic events was high as compared to other literatures. Age, complication, prolonged hospital stay and social support were factors significantly associated with ASD at p-value < 0.05. This indicates the need for early identification and interventions or ASD care services from health workers of psychiatric ward.
Topics: Humans; Ethiopia; Adult; Female; Male; Stress Disorders, Traumatic, Acute; Cross-Sectional Studies; Prevalence; Middle Aged; Risk Factors; Young Adult; Wounds and Injuries; Adolescent
PubMed: 38834988
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05861-6 -
BMC Psychiatry Jun 2024Polypharmacy is common in older adults with psychiatric disorders, but no consensus has reached about the reliable indicators evaluating the benefits and risks of...
BACKGROUND
Polypharmacy is common in older adults with psychiatric disorders, but no consensus has reached about the reliable indicators evaluating the benefits and risks of drug-drug interactions (DDIs) in polypharmacy. We aimed to identify indicators suitable for evaluating the clinical significance of DDIs in polypharmacy in older adults with psychiatric disorders.
METHODS
The online tools were used to distribute and collect the questionnaires. The Delphi method was applied to analyze experts' opinions. The degree of authority and coordination of experts were analyzed using the coefficient of variation, coefficient of coordination, expert's judgment factor, familiarity with the study content factor, and Kendall coordination coefficient. Statistical analysis was conducted using the IBM SPSS® Statistics Package version 26.0.
RESULTS
After three rounds of expert consultation, five primary and eleven secondary indicators were identified. The primary "pharmacodynamic indicator" included "severity of adverse drug reactions", "duration of adverse drug reaction", "symptom relief", "time to onset of symptomatic relief", "number of days in hospital", and "duration of medication". The secondary "pharmacokinetic indicator" contained "dosage administered" and "dosing intervals". The primary "patient tolerance indicator" contained one secondary indicator of "patient tolerability". The primary indicator "patient adherence" contained one secondary indicator of "patient adherence to medication". The primary indicator "cost of drug combination" contained one secondary indicator of "readmission". These indicators were used to determine the clinical significance of DDIs during polypharmacy.
CONCLUSIONS
The clinical significance of drug combinations should be taken into account when polypharmacy is used in the elderly. The five primary indicators and eleven secondary indicators might be preferred to evaluate their risks and benefits. Medication management in this population requires a multidisciplinary team, in which nurses play a key role. Future research should focus on how to establish efficient multidisciplinary team workflows and use functional factors to assess DDIs in polypharmacy for psychiatric disorders.
Topics: Humans; Polypharmacy; Drug Interactions; Delphi Technique; Mental Disorders; Aged; Male; Female; Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; Middle Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires; Clinical Relevance
PubMed: 38834965
DOI: 10.1186/s12888-024-05872-3 -
Annals of Medicine Dec 2024Previous research has raised concerns about high prevalence of drug-related problems, polypharmacy and inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing in nursing homes (NHs)...
INTRODUCTION
Previous research has raised concerns about high prevalence of drug-related problems, polypharmacy and inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing in nursing homes (NHs) and confirmed lack of studies from Central and South-Eastern Europe. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of polypharmacy, hyperpolypharmacy and inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing in NH residents in Croatia.
METHODS
Data from 226 older NH residents from five Croatian NHs were collected using the InterRAI Long-Term Care Facilities assessment form. The prevalence and determinants of polypharmacy/hyperpolypharmacy and patterns of inappropriate benzodiazepine prescribing were documented.
RESULTS
The prevalence of polypharmacy (49.6%) and hyperpolypharmacy (25.7%) among NH residents was high. In our study, 72.1% of NH residents were prescribed at least one psychotropic agent, 36.7% used 2-3 psychotropics and 6.6% used 4+ psychotropics. Among benzodiazepine users (55.8%), 28% of residents were prescribed benzodiazepines in higher than recommended geriatric doses, 75% used them for the long term and 48% were prescribed concomitant interacting medications. The odds of being prescribed polypharmacy/hyperpolypharmacy were significantly higher for older patients with polymorbidity (6+ disorders, proportional odds ratio (POR) = 19.8), type II diabetes (POR = 5.2), ischemic heart disease (POR = 4.6), higher frailty (Clinical Frailty Scale (CFS ≥5); POR = 4.3) and gastrointestinal problems (POR = 4.8).
CONCLUSIONS
Our research underscores the persistent challenge of inappropriate medication use and drug-related harms among older NH residents, despite existing evidence and professional campaigns. Effective regulatory and policy interventions, including the implementation of geriatrician and clinical pharmacy services, are essential to address this critical issue and ensure optimal medication management for vulnerable NH populations.
Topics: Humans; Nursing Homes; Polypharmacy; Benzodiazepines; Inappropriate Prescribing; Male; Female; Aged, 80 and over; Aged; Croatia; Homes for the Aged; Prevalence; Psychotropic Drugs; Practice Patterns, Physicians'
PubMed: 38833339
DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2357232 -
Curationis May 2024Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and other gender diverse groupings symbolised by + (LGBTI+) individuals experience adverse mental health problems, and...
BACKGROUND
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, Intersex and other gender diverse groupings symbolised by + (LGBTI+) individuals experience adverse mental health problems, and several factors have been documented to facilitate such problems. However, in Botswana, the factors facilitating LGBTI+ individuals to experience mental health challenges have not been explored with previous studies only highlighting the poor mental health outcomes they experience.
OBJECTIVES
The aim of the study was to explore and describe factors that could cause mental health challenges in LGBTI+ individuals in Gaborone, Botswana.
METHOD
A qualitative, descriptive, phenomenological design was employed to examine the research question. In data collection, 15 unstructured in-depth telephonic interviews were conducted until data saturation. Data were analysed with a co-coder using the data analysis method by Colaizzi.
RESULTS
Three themes emerged following data analysis and were reasons for experiencing mental health challenges, experiences of challenges in accessing healthcare services and the social challenges of everyday life.
CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that a variety of factors influence the mental health problems in some LGBTI+ individuals.Contribution: The knowledge of the factors that cause LGBTI+ individuals' mental health challenges can inform mental healthcare to be rendered. The findings can apprise nursing curriculum development and policy regarding the needs of LGBTI+ individuals.
Topics: Humans; Botswana; Female; Male; Adult; Qualitative Research; Sexual and Gender Minorities; Risk Factors; Middle Aged; Interviews as Topic; Mental Disorders; Health Services Accessibility; Mental Health
PubMed: 38832370
DOI: 10.4102/curationis.v47i1.2543 -
Frontiers in Sports and Active Living 2024To date, concrete recommendations for physical activity in psychiatric treatments are limited. Thus, we evaluated knowledge, barriers and beliefs associated with...
Implementing exercise recommendations into clinical practice-new findings from mental health professionals' and patients' perspectives in a university psychiatric setting.
INTRODUCTION
To date, concrete recommendations for physical activity in psychiatric treatments are limited. Thus, we evaluated knowledge, barriers and beliefs associated with exercise prescription of mental health professionals (MHP) to people with mental illnesses. We aimed to identify patients' barriers to exercise participation and to work out options addressing these barriers.
METHODS
In our cross-sectional and questionnaire-based investigation, we recruited medical, nursing and therapeutic staff and patients of a psychiatric clinic by email and personal contact. Questionnaires contained the German versions of The Exercise in Mental Illness Questionnaire (EMIQ-G) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaires (IPAQ).
RESULTS
We included 100 MHP and 100 patients. MHP had significantly more knowledge regarding positive effects of exercise on general health than patients. Exercise was prescribed mostly (48.4%) or always (37.9%) by MHP. The data showed missing education in exercise prescriptions and different recommendation behavior. Male patients seemed to experience exercise more often as a positive distraction and had lower physical health barriers than females.
DISCUSSION
Physical activity needs to be more integrated in psychiatric treatments. Some strategies as educating MHP and patients regarding potential benefits of exercise via psychoeducative brochures and adapting recommendations to individual symptoms could improve exercise behavior in psychiatric patients.
PubMed: 38832308
DOI: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1336356 -
Frontiers in Bioengineering and... 2024Skin wound healing is a complex and tightly regulated process. The frequent occurrence and reoccurrence of acute and chronic wounds cause significant skin damage to... (Review)
Review
Skin wound healing is a complex and tightly regulated process. The frequent occurrence and reoccurrence of acute and chronic wounds cause significant skin damage to patients and impose socioeconomic burdens. Therefore, there is an urgent requirement to promote interdisciplinary development in the fields of material science and medicine to investigate novel mechanisms for wound healing. Cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO NPs) are a type of nanomaterials that possess distinct properties and have broad application prospects. They are recognized for their capabilities in enhancing wound closure, minimizing scarring, mitigating inflammation, and exerting antibacterial effects, which has led to their prominence in wound care research. In this paper, the distinctive physicochemical properties of CeO NPs and their most recent synthesis approaches are discussed. It further investigates the therapeutic mechanisms of CeO NPs in the process of wound healing. Following that, this review critically examines previous studies focusing on the effects of CeO NPs on wound healing. Finally, it suggests the potential application of cerium oxide as an innovative nanomaterial in diverse fields and discusses its prospects for future advancements.
PubMed: 38832127
DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1404651 -
BMC Medical Education Jun 2024The cancer burden in Africa is on the rise. A Cancer Training Course on screening, prevention, care, and community education is crucial for addressing a wide range of... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
BACKGROUND
The cancer burden in Africa is on the rise. A Cancer Training Course on screening, prevention, care, and community education is crucial for addressing a wide range of cancer health issues. When appropriately educated healthcare providers on cancer provide care, patient care improves, and healthcare costs decrease. However, in Tanzania, doctors and nurses receive little or no training in primary cancer care in their bachelor's program.
AIM
This study assessed the need and acceptability of a cancer training course for nursing and medical doctor students at the Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences (MUHAS) in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
METHODS
This study was a cross-sectional parallel mixed method study during the 3-month follow-up within the larger study on sexual health training for health professionals. The study was a randomized controlled (RCT), single-blind, parallel trial of sexual health training versus a waitlist control among health students at MUHAS in Tanzania. Descriptive analysis was performed to analyze the participants' demographic information, need, and acceptability of the cancer training courseto determine the frequencies and percentages of their distribution between disciplines. In addition, inductive thematic analysis was performed for the qualitative data. The RCT study was registered at Clinical Trial.gov (NCT03923582; 01/05/2021).
RESULTS
Data were collected from 408 students (272 medical doctors and 136 nursing students). The median age of the participants was 23 years. Most (86.0%) medical and 78.1% of nursing students reported receiving little to no cancer training. On the other hand, most (92.3%) medical and nursing (92.0%) students were interested in receiving cancer training. Furthermore, 94.1% of medical and 92.0% of nursing students needed a cancer training course in their undergraduate program. In addition, participants said a cancer training course would be important because it would help them improve the quality of cancer care and enhance the quality of life for patients by ensuring early diagnosis and treatment.
CONCLUSION
A cancer training course is both highly needed and acceptable to medical and nursing students. Implementation of this cancer training course will improve students' knowledge and skills and eventually improve the quality of cancer care and patients' quality of life by ensuring early diagnosis and management.
Topics: Humans; Tanzania; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Male; Students, Medical; Neoplasms; Students, Nursing; Adult; Young Adult; Curriculum
PubMed: 38831409
DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05497-w -
European Journal of Psychotraumatology 2024Scalable psychological interventions such as the WHO's Self-Help Plus (SH+) have been developed for clinical and non-clinical populations in need of psychological...
Scalable psychological interventions such as the WHO's Self-Help Plus (SH+) have been developed for clinical and non-clinical populations in need of psychological support. SH+ has been successfully implemented to prevent common mental disorders among asylum seekers and refugees who are growing in number due to increasing levels of forced migration. These populations are often exposed to multiple, severe sources of traumatisation, and evidence of the effect of such events on treatment is insufficient, especially for non-clinical populations. We aim to study the effect of potentially traumatic experiences (PTEs) and the mediating role of symptoms of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) on the improvement following SH+. Participants allocated to SH+ who received at least three sessions ( = 345) were extracted from two large, randomised, European prevention trials involving asylum seekers and refugees. Measures of distress, depression, functional impairment, and post-traumatic stress symptoms were administered at baseline and 6 months post-intervention, together with measures of well-being and quality of life. Adjusted models were constructed to examine the effect of PTEs on post-intervention improvement. The possible mediating role of PTSD symptoms in this relationship was then tested. Increasing numbers of PTEs decreased the beneficial effect of SH+ for all measures. This relationship was mediated by symptoms of PTSD when analysing measures of well-being and quality of life. However, this did not apply for measures of mental health problems. Exposure to PTEs may largely reduce benefits from SH+. PTSD symptomatology plays a specific, mediating role on psychological well-being and quality of life of participants who experienced PTE. Healthcare professionals and researchers should consider the role of PTEs and PTSD symptoms in the treatment of migrants and refugees and explore possible feasible add-on solutions for cases exposed to multiple PTEs.
Topics: Humans; Refugees; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic; Male; Female; Adult; Psychosocial Intervention; Quality of Life
PubMed: 38828909
DOI: 10.1080/20008066.2024.2355828 -
Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal May 2024This study aimed to assess the prevalence of workplace violence (WPV) against nurses in Oman's psychiatric hospitals and explore associated factors.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to assess the prevalence of workplace violence (WPV) against nurses in Oman's psychiatric hospitals and explore associated factors.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted between October and December 2021 and included all tertiary mental healthcare hospitals in Oman (Al Masarra Hospital and Sultan Qaboos University Hospital, Muscat, Oman). The participants completed a sociodemographic survey and a questionnaire on WPV in the health sector.
RESULTS
A total of 106 participants (response rate = 80.3%) were included in this study. Most were female (52.8%) and Omani (72.6%) and aged 30-39 years. WPV prevalence was high (90.6%), with verbal (86.8%) and physical violence (57.5%) being the most common types. WPV incidents were more frequent on weekdays (26.4%) and during morning shifts (34%), while 81.1% of the nurses worked in shifts and had direct physical contact with patients (83.0%). The majority (92.5%) were aware of standardised WPV reporting procedures and 89.7% confirmed the presence of such procedures in hospitals. WPV was more prevalent among nurses in inpatient wards ( = 0.047).
CONCLUSION
WPV against nurses in Omani psychiatric hospitals is alarmingly high. Future studies should investigate contributing factors among healthcare providers and emphasise violence prevention by providing staff nurses with effective training to handle violent incidents involving psychiatric patients.
Topics: Humans; Oman; Cross-Sectional Studies; Female; Male; Workplace Violence; Adult; Hospitals, Psychiatric; Prevalence; Surveys and Questionnaires; Middle Aged; Nurses; Nursing Staff, Hospital
PubMed: 38828255
DOI: 10.18295/squmj.1.2024.002