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BMJ Paediatrics Open Jun 2024To determine the prevalence and associated factors of scabies among the children living in the Madrasahs (Islamic religious educational institution) of Bangladesh was...
INTRODUCTION
To determine the prevalence and associated factors of scabies among the children living in the Madrasahs (Islamic religious educational institution) of Bangladesh was the objective of the study.
METHODS
This cross-sectional study was conducted in eight selected Madrasahs from May to October 2023 among male and female children aged between 3 and 18 years. Children were screened for scabies according to criteria developed by the International Alliance for the Control of Scabies.
RESULTS
It was found that overall prevalence of scabies among the children living in Madrasahs was almost 34% (mild 73.5%, moderate 24.9% and severe 1.6%). Prevalence of scabies among male was higher than female (39.4% vs 28.4%). Male gender (aOR 2.09, 95% CI 1.27 to 3.47, p=0.004) and age (aOR 0.95, 95% CI 0.91 to 0.99, p=0.017) were two significant predictors of scabies among children. Besides, living in Madrasahs having more boarders (aOR 1.37, 95% CI 1.06 to 1.69, p=0.025), shared bedding, clothes or toilet stuffs with other children (aOR 1.46, 95% CI 1.03 to 2.09, p=0.036) and history of pruritus in the close entourage (aOR 4.19, 95% CI 3.07 to 5.73, p<0.001) were associated with a higher chance of being infected by scabies.
CONCLUSION
Almost one-third of the children living in the Islamic boarding schools in Bangladesh are suffering from scabies, more prevalence in male and younger children. Accommodation of higher number of boarders, sharing personal staffs and pruritus in close contacts increase the risk of scabies in these children.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Male; Bangladesh; Female; Cross-Sectional Studies; Child; Prevalence; Adolescent; Risk Factors; Child, Preschool; Islam; Schools
PubMed: 38942588
DOI: 10.1136/bmjpo-2023-002421 -
Nefrologia Jun 2024
PubMed: 38906766
DOI: 10.1016/j.nefroe.2024.06.007 -
Indian Journal of Dermatology,... Jun 2024
PubMed: 38899417
DOI: 10.25259/IJDVL_384_2024 -
Veterinary Medicine and Science Jul 2024Sarcoptic mange is rare in cats. The main symptoms reported in cases of feline sarcoptic mange include crusty lesions and pruritus, although these may vary in severity...
BACKGROUND
Sarcoptic mange is rare in cats. The main symptoms reported in cases of feline sarcoptic mange include crusty lesions and pruritus, although these may vary in severity among individuals.
OBJECTIVES
This report describes three cats infested with Sarcoptes scabiei, all presenting with pruritus and excoriation.
METHODS
The diagnosis was confirmed by microscopic observation of skin scrape samples.
RESULTS
All three cats were treated successfully using moxidectin and imidacloprid, selamectin and ivermectin, respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The clinical presentation of feline scabies appears to be more variable in cats than in dogs. Infestation with S. scabiei should be considered a differential diagnosis for cats presenting with pruritic inflammatory skin disease.
Topics: Animals; Scabies; Cat Diseases; Cats; Male; Female; Poland; Sarcoptes scabiei; Ivermectin; Nitro Compounds; Neonicotinoids; Insecticides; Macrolides
PubMed: 38864312
DOI: 10.1002/vms3.1500 -
Parasites & Vectors Jun 2024Sarcoptic mange is a skin disease caused by the contagious ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei, capable of suppressing and extirpating wild canid populations. Starting in...
BACKGROUND
Sarcoptic mange is a skin disease caused by the contagious ectoparasite Sarcoptes scabiei, capable of suppressing and extirpating wild canid populations. Starting in 2015, we observed a multi-year epizootic of sarcoptic mange affecting a red fox (Vulpes vulpes) population on Fire Island, NY, USA. We explored the ecological factors that contributed to the spread of sarcoptic mange and characterized the epizootic in a landscape where red foxes are geographically constrained.
METHODS
We tested for the presence of S. scabiei DNA in skin samples collected from deceased red foxes with lesions visibly consistent with sarcoptic mange disease. We deployed 96-100 remote trail camera stations each year to capture red fox occurrences and used generalized linear mixed-effects models to assess the affects of red fox ecology, human and other wildlife activity, and island geography on the frequency of detecting diseased red foxes. We rated the extent of visual lesions in diseased individuals and mapped the severity and variability of the sarcoptic mange disease.
RESULTS
Skin samples that we analyzed demonstrated 99.8% similarity to S. scabiei sequences in GenBank. Our top-ranked model (weight = 0.94) showed that diseased red foxes were detected more frequently close to roadways, close to territories of other diseased red foxes, away from human shelters, and in areas with more mammal activity. There was no evidence that detection rates in humans and their dogs or distance to the nearest red fox den explained the detection rates of diseased red foxes. Although detected infrequently, we observed the most severe signs of sarcoptic mange at the periphery of residential villages. The spread of visual signs of the disease was approximately 7.3 ha/week in 2015 and 12.1 ha/week in 2017.
CONCLUSIONS
We quantified two separate outbreaks of sarcoptic mange disease that occurred > 40 km apart and were separated by a year. Sarcoptic mange revealed an unfettered spread across the red fox population. The transmission of S. scabiei mites in this system was likely driven by red fox behaviors and contact between individuals, in line with previous studies. Sarcoptic mange is likely an important contributor to red fox population dynamics within barrier island systems.
Topics: Animals; Foxes; Scabies; Sarcoptes scabiei; Skin; New York; Animals, Wild; Geography; Humans
PubMed: 38844973
DOI: 10.1186/s13071-024-06330-5 -
PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases Jun 2024The epidemiology of scabies is poorly understood, particularly in regions with high disease burden. This lack of epidemiological data, especially in sub-Saharan Africa,...
BACKGROUND
The epidemiology of scabies is poorly understood, particularly in regions with high disease burden. This lack of epidemiological data, especially in sub-Saharan Africa, hampers the control and preventative measures. This study is aimed at estimating the prevalence and associated risk factors of scabies and impetigo in the Nata and Sowa catchment areas of Tutume district.
METHODOLOGY
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Tutume District, targeting the settlements of Manxhotae, Malelejwe, Ndutshaa, and Tshwaane. Participants were randomly selected from households in the settlements. Data were collected using questionnaires, and participants were classified as having scabies typical lesions if they met criteria B and or C of International Alliance for the Control of Scabies (IACS) consensus criteria. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05, with a 95% confidence interval for precision.
RESULTS
A total of 429 participants were enrolled across the four settlements. The overall prevalence of scabies was found to be 18.18% (95%CI 14.8-22.1). The highest prevalence of scabies was in Manxhotae at 27.1% (95%CI 21.2-34.0) and Ndutshaa at 23.4% (95%CI 13.4-37.3). Malelejwe and Tshwaane had lower prevalence of 10.4% (95%CI 6.2-16.8) and 3.4% (95%CI 0.8-12.7), respectively. Only five (5) cases of impetigo were identified. Multivariable logistic regression analysis revealed that younger age of 0-4 years, 5-18 years and a household member with an itch were strongly associated with scabies, with adjusted odds ratios (aOR) of 7.9 (95%CI 2.4-25.6) p-value 0.001, 5.7(95%CI 2.7-11.7), p-value 0.001 and 14.3(95%CI 5.3-38.5) p-value 0.001 respectively.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of scabies in the Nata catchment area was noted to be high. The risk factors included younger age, a household member with an itch, and less frequent bathing. Prospective studies are needed to explore household disease transmission dynamics and risk factors specific to the youth.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Male; Female; Impetigo; Adolescent; Risk Factors; Prevalence; Child; Adult; Child, Preschool; Young Adult; Middle Aged; Botswana; Infant; Aged; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38829884
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pntd.0011495 -
Archives of Razi Institute Dec 2023Scabies is an infectious disease. Based on preliminary observations, numerous scabies sufferers have been found among students living in As'ad Islamic Boarding School,... (Observational Study)
Observational Study
Scabies is an infectious disease. Based on preliminary observations, numerous scabies sufferers have been found among students living in As'ad Islamic Boarding School, Jambi City, Indonesia. Scabies disease develops in humans and can be influenced by both human factors and the environment. This study aims to identify factors associated with scabies incidence at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School. This analytical observational research was conducted using a cross-sectional study design. The variables measured were scabies symptoms, knowledge, personal hygiene, contact history, humidity, and room occupancy density. The research samples consisted of 178 students at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School in Jambi City, who were selected randomly. The required data were collected by questionnaires and analyzed by Chi-square test and logistic regression. Most of the students had crowded living conditions (94.4%), low room humidity (80.8%), poor personal hygiene (66.3%), a low level of knowledge about scabies (70.8%), contact with scabies sufferers (61.8%), and symptoms of scabies (60.7%). Symptoms of scabies were related to knowledge (P=0.000), personal hygiene (P=0.000), contact history (P=0.000), humidity (P=0.000), and room occupancy density (P=0.001). The incidence of scabies in students at the As'ad Islamic Boarding School was influenced by insufficient knowledge, poor personal hygiene, history of contact, low humidity, and overcrowding.
Topics: Humans; Scabies; Cross-Sectional Studies; Incidence; Male; Female; Adolescent; Schools; Indonesia; Hygiene; Students; Child; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Surveys and Questionnaires
PubMed: 38828170
DOI: 10.32592/ARI.2023.78.6.1719 -
Dermatology Practical & Conceptual Apr 2024Scabies is a pruritic skin infestation with a globally increasing prevalence. Sleep problems and impaired social and personal interactions, mainly due to itching, have...
INTRODUCTION
Scabies is a pruritic skin infestation with a globally increasing prevalence. Sleep problems and impaired social and personal interactions, mainly due to itching, have been reported.
OBJECTIVES
We aimed to determine the influence of scabies on quality of life and psychosocial health using Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI) and Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale-42 (DASS-42) and analyze whether there is a correlation between the two scales and any sociodemographic and clinical characteristic.
METHODS
Scabies patients (>16 years) who presented to our outpatient clinics were enrolled. Age, sex, occupation, marital status, and education level and clinical features were recorded. DLQI and DASS-42 were used. Possible influence of demographic and clinical characteristics on total scores were analyzed. The Spearman coefficient analysis was performed to determine whether there is a correlation between these scores.
RESULTS
Of 92 patients (mean age:37.76±15.355, Female/Male: 1.09/1), 63% were married and 35.9% were high-school graduates; 27.2% and 23.9% were housewives and officers, respectively. Disease was generalized in 57.6% and duration of disease was mostly <4 weeks. Mean DLQI and DASS-42 scores were 13.16±7.638 and 42.10±30.644, respectively. Symptoms/feelings were affected predominantly. DLQI was affected 'severely' in 41.3% of patients.
CONCLUSIONS
Impairment of DLQI is a significant predictive parameter for higher DASS levels. Scabies is not only associated with impairment in DLQI but may also lead to psychosocial problems. All scabies patients should be evaluated and consulted-if needed-for possible problems of psychosocial status, including depression, anxiety, and stress, as well as clinical symptoms and secondary complications.
PubMed: 38810073
DOI: 10.5826/dpc.1402a112 -
Ugeskrift For Laeger May 2024
PubMed: 38808768
DOI: 10.61409/V72025