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Clinical Case Reports Jan 2023is a beta-hemolytic, non-motile, catalase-negative, gram-positive member of the group. When compared to other members of this group like and , infections are more...
is a beta-hemolytic, non-motile, catalase-negative, gram-positive member of the group. When compared to other members of this group like and , infections are more substantial. In this case, we present a 47-year-old male patient who was found to have abscesses in his lungs, liver, and brain. The treatment of choice for these abscesses is a combination of drainage, surgery, and antibiotic therapy.
PubMed: 36694650
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6813 -
Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Jan 2023: Bacteria-caused acute pericarditis is a very rare entity. It is usually associated with an underlying infection or compromised immune system. Primary purulent...
: Bacteria-caused acute pericarditis is a very rare entity. It is usually associated with an underlying infection or compromised immune system. Primary purulent pericarditis in a previously healthy individual is highly unexpected; therefore, it is likely to have a delayed diagnosis and poor outcomes. : We report a case of an adult immunocompetent patient with primary bacterial pericarditis caused by a member of the commensal oral flora The patient presented with septic shock and cardiac tamponade, and was further complicated with constrictive pericarditis, which was successfully treated with pericardiectomy. : Bacterial pericarditis is a fulminant disease with a high mortality and complication rate. Fast recognition and prompt therapy are required to achieve a full recovery.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Streptococcus constellatus; Pericarditis; Pericardium; Pericarditis, Constrictive; Cardiac Tamponade
PubMed: 36676783
DOI: 10.3390/medicina59010159 -
Child's Nervous System : ChNS :... May 2023Subdural empyema refers to the collection of purulent material in the subdural space and the most source of it is bacterial meningitis in infants while sinusitis and...
Subdural empyema refers to the collection of purulent material in the subdural space and the most source of it is bacterial meningitis in infants while sinusitis and otitis media in older children. It has been very recently reported that coronaviruses (CoV) exhibit neurotropic properties and may also cause neurological diseases. CoV-related complications as hypercoagulability with thrombosis and associated inflammation, catastrophic cerebral venous sinus thrombose sand bacterial-fungal superinfections have been well documented in adult patients. Hereby, we describe 15-year-old and 12-year-old female children with subdural empyema after SARS-CoV2. The patients presented limitation of eye in the outward gaze, impaired speech, drowsiness, fever, vomiting and they also were tested positive for COVID-19. MRI indicated subdural empyema and surgical interventions were needed to relieve intracranial pressure and drain pus after receiving broad spectrum antibiotics treatments. The microbiological analysis of abscess material revealed Streptococcus constellatus which is extremely rare in an immunocompetent child and the patients received appropriate IV antibiotic therapy. Eventually, patients became neurologically intact. Pediatric patients with CoV infections should be closely monitored for neurological symptoms. Further research and more data on the correlation between CoV infections would provide better recognition and treatment options in an efficient manner in children.
Topics: Infant; Adult; Female; Humans; Child; Empyema, Subdural; SARS-CoV-2; RNA, Viral; COVID-19; Abscess; Anti-Bacterial Agents
PubMed: 36534133
DOI: 10.1007/s00381-022-05803-1 -
Frontiers in Microbiology 2022together with and constitute the group (SAG), until recently considered to be benign commensals of the human mucosa isolated predominantly from oral cavity, but also... (Review)
Review
together with and constitute the group (SAG), until recently considered to be benign commensals of the human mucosa isolated predominantly from oral cavity, but also from upper respiratory, intestinal, and urogenital tracts. For years the virulence potential of SAG was underestimated, mainly due to complications in correct species identification and their assignment to the physiological microbiota. Still, SAG representatives have been associated with purulent infections at oral and non-oral sites resulting in abscesses formation and empyema. Also, life threatening blood infections caused by SAG have been reported. However, the understanding of SAG as potential pathogen is only fragmentary, albeit certain aspects of SAG infection seem sufficiently well described to deserve a systematic overview. In this review we summarize the current state of knowledge of the pathogenicity factors and their mechanisms of action.
PubMed: 36386673
DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.1025136 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2022(SC) is a species of belonging to the group, along with and . Despite its commensal nature, underlying risk factors and medical conditions might lead to various...
(SC) is a species of belonging to the group, along with and . Despite its commensal nature, underlying risk factors and medical conditions might lead to various anatomic site infections caused by this opportunistic pathogen. Although SC infections have mostly been associated with bacteremia, some case reports of abscess and empyema formation have been documented. Herein, we report a case of a middle-aged female patient who initially presented with radiculopathy symptoms. Subsequent neurologic imaging revealed a pyogenic abscess along paravertebral muscles, which was found to be caused by SC. The patient was successfully treated with abscess drainage from the lumbar zone and antibiotics, and the symptoms of radiculopathy have completely resolved.
PubMed: 36359529
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics12112686 -
Infection and Drug Resistance 2022, a commensal, plays an important role in purulent infections. It has been reported as aggressive pathogen causing pleural empyema. But the role of in empyema has not...
BACKGROUND
, a commensal, plays an important role in purulent infections. It has been reported as aggressive pathogen causing pleural empyema. But the role of in empyema has not been taken seriously. There are no studies about clinical characteristics of empyema caused by domestically and abroad. This study aimed to explore the clinical features and management of empyema caused by .
METHODS
A retrospective review of 9 patients diagnosed with empyema caused by in a hospital between January 2010 and August 2021 was performed.
RESULTS
empyema were mostly seen in old males (66.7%) with comorbid diseases. The high-risk factors include diabetes mellitus, oral infection, and oral surgery. All were unilateral encapsulated empyema (right-side, 55.6%), diagnosed with pneumonia (bilateral pneumonia, 88.9%; ipsilateral lung abscess, 44.4%). 33.3% of patients had and anaerobes co-isolated. were sensitive to penicillin G, linezolid, levofloxacin, vancomycin, ceftriaxone, and chloramphenicol, resistant to erythromycin, tetracycline, and clindamycin. 33.3% of the patients needed ventilator support. The primary treatment to empyema was timely pus drainage, intravenous antibiotics, and enough nutrition support, intrapleural fibrinolytics and surgery (VAST recommended first) in necessity.
CONCLUSION
may cause pneumonia and lung abscess first and then spread to cause empyema mainly in old males with comorbid diseases. often co-isolated with anaerobes in empyema. Antibiotics should cover simultaneously both and anaerobes.
PubMed: 36329986
DOI: 10.2147/IDR.S382484 -
European Journal of Oral Sciences Dec 2022Microbial biofilms play a dominant role in the failure of endodontic therapies. Bacterial adhesion is the first step in the establishment of biofilms, activating the...
Microbial biofilms play a dominant role in the failure of endodontic therapies. Bacterial adhesion is the first step in the establishment of biofilms, activating the host immune response leading to tissue damage. Biosurfactants are microbe-derived tensioactive molecules with latent anti-adhesive and anti-microbial activity. This study reports the extraction and characterization of a biosurfactant from Lactobacillus (L.) plantarum (Lp-BS) and investigates its anti-microbial and anti-adhesive properties compared to rhamnolipid, a commercially available biosurfactant. Lp-BS, extracted from L. plantarum during the growth phase, was characterized as a glycoprotein, able to reduce surface tension and emulsify non-polar liquids. Proteomic analysis of Lp-BS identified three bacterial adhesin-like proteins, suggesting roles in hindering bacterial adhesion. Lp-BS did not show significant anti-microbial activity against endodontic pathogens from the Streptococcus (Strep.) anginosus group or Enterococcus (Ent.) faecalis at 50 mg/ml. However, anti-adhesive activity on abiotic surfaces was observed against both Strep. anginosus and Strep. intermedius. Rhamnolipid exhibited strong anti-microbial activity, with minimum inhibitory concentrations of 0.097 mg/ml against Strep. anginosus, and 0.048 mg/ml against Strep. constellatus and Strep. intermedius, in addition to a marked anti-adhesive activity. These findings offer preliminary evidence for the potential application of biosurfactants as an anti-microbial and/or anti-adhesive pharmacotherapy in endodontics.
Topics: Proteomics
PubMed: 36326688
DOI: 10.1111/eos.12900 -
Cureus Sep 2022Right-sided native valve infective endocarditis (IE) refers to IE involving the tricuspid or pulmonic valve. The most common factors causing right-sided IE include...
Right-sided native valve infective endocarditis (IE) refers to IE involving the tricuspid or pulmonic valve. The most common factors causing right-sided IE include intravenous drug use, intracardiac device, and central venous catheters. Isolated pulmonic valve IE has only been reported in less than 2% of all IE cases. We present a unique case of a patient with a history of poor oral hygiene found to have isolated blood culture-negative pulmonic valve IE, who subsequently developed empyema positive for .
PubMed: 36258987
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.29137 -
Archive of Clinical Cases 2022are gram-positive cocci belonging to the group that have a propensity to cause bacteremia and abscesses, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here, we report the...
are gram-positive cocci belonging to the group that have a propensity to cause bacteremia and abscesses, especially in immunocompromised patients. Here, we report the case of a 39-year-old male who was initially admitted to the hospital for diabetic ketoacidosis. During the hospitalization, he developed sepsis and blood cultures grew . CT imaging revealed multiple hepatic abscesses. A periapical abscess of the left mandibular central incisor found on CT Scan of face was identified as the likely source of infection. IR-guided drainage was performed however the patient went on to develop septic shock despite attempted source control and IV antibiotic therapy. Repeat imaging showed persistent hepatic abscesses in addition to new intraperitoneal abscesses necessitating exploratory laparotomy, drainage and abdominal washout. Fluid cultures grew and common enteric flora. Our report highlights the need for high clinical suspicion in cases of bacteremia to obtain diagnostic imaging for any abscess formation. Prolonged antibiotic therapy is a must and imaging guided or surgical drainage may be needed.
PubMed: 36176498
DOI: 10.22551/2022.36.0903.10215