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Journal of Otolaryngology - Head & Neck... Nov 2023Biofilm formation on voice prostheses disrupts the function and limits the lifespan of voice prostheses. There is still no effective clinical strategy for inhibiting or...
BACKGROUND
Biofilm formation on voice prostheses disrupts the function and limits the lifespan of voice prostheses. There is still no effective clinical strategy for inhibiting or removing these biofilms. Silver sulfadiazine (SSD), as an exogenous antibacterial agent, has been widely used in the prevention and treatment of infection, however, its effect on voice prosthesis biofilms is unknown. The purpose of this study was to explore the effect of SSD on the mature mixed bacterial biofilms present on voice prostheses.
METHODS
Quantitative and qualitative methods, including the plate counting method, real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR, crystal violet staining, the 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) (XTT) reduction assay, scanning electron microscopy, and laser confocal microscopy, were used to determine the effect of SSD on the number of bacterial colonies, biofilm formation ability, metabolic activity, and ultrastructure of biofilms in a mature mixed bacterial (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Candida albicans) voice prosthesis biofilm model. The results were verified in vitro on mature mixed bacterial voice prosthesis biofilms from patients, and the possible mechanism of action was explored.
RESULTS
Silver sulfadiazine decreased the number of bacterial colonies on mature mixed bacterial voice prosthesis biofilm, significantly inhibited the biofilm formation ability and metabolic activity of mature voice prosthesis biofilms, inhibited the formation of the complex spatial structure of voice prosthesis biofilms, and inhibited the synthesis of polysaccharides and proteins in the biofilm extracellular matrix. The degree of inhibition and removal effect increased with SSD concentration.
CONCLUSIONS
Silver sulfadiazine can effectively inhibit and remove mature mixed bacterial voice prosthesis biofilms and decrease biofilm formation ability and metabolic activity; SSD may exert these effects by inhibiting the synthesis of polysaccharides and proteins among the extracellular polymeric substances of voice prosthesis biofilms.
Topics: Humans; Silver Sulfadiazine; Larynx, Artificial; Biofilms; Bacteria; Polysaccharides
PubMed: 37990258
DOI: 10.1186/s40463-023-00672-3 -
Chemosphere Jan 2024Effluents contaminated with antibiotics must be treated before reuse or even discharge into the aquatic environment, avoiding the increase of antimicrobial resistance...
Effluents contaminated with antibiotics must be treated before reuse or even discharge into the aquatic environment, avoiding the increase of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) - a major public health problem of the 21 century. Little is known regarding the natural solar photodegradation of antibiotics in tubular reactors operated under flow mode and even less concerning the application of photocatalysts. The use of photocatalysts is considered a promising strategy for a sustainable solar-driven removal of antibiotics from effluents. In this work, the photodegradation of two antibiotics widely used in aquaculture, namely, sulfadiazine (SDZ) and oxolinic acid (OXA), was investigated under solar flow mode in the absence and presence of carbon quantum dots (CQDs) coupled with titanium dioxide (TiO) (4% (w/w)). The obtained results showed that TiO/CQDs (4% (w/w)) enhanced the photodegradation of both antibiotics, which is highly beneficial for their application in the treatment of aquaculture effluents. The accumulated UV energy needed for SDZ removal using the photocatalyst was less than 4 kJ L in both simulated freshwater (phosphate buffer solution (PBS)) and simulated brackish water (sea salt solution (SSS)), while for OXA less than 5 kJ L and around 15 kJ L were needed for removal in PBS and in SSS, respectively. Moreover, results demonstrated that the proposed photocatalytic treatment was also efficient in the elimination of OXA and SDZ antibacterial activity, either in PBS or SSS. Therefore, photocatalysis under flow mode using TiO/CQDs constitutes a promising and sustainable treatment for antibiotics' efficient removal from aquaculture effluents.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Quantum Dots; Titanium; Sulfadiazine; Aquaculture; Catalysis
PubMed: 37977528
DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140723 -
Heliyon Nov 2023is widely used in traditional medicine to stop bleeding gums and treat wounds. This study was undertaken to assess the wound healing activity and toxicity profile of...
is widely used in traditional medicine to stop bleeding gums and treat wounds. This study was undertaken to assess the wound healing activity and toxicity profile of the stem bark methanol extract of (XES). Wound healing activity was determined by the dermal excision model in rats. The free radical scavenging capacity, antioxidant activity, total phenolic and flavonoid contents were evaluated by the 1, 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical scavenging, total antioxidant capacity (TAC), aluminum chloride colorimetric and Folin Ciocalteu methods respectively. Acute and sub-acute oral toxicity assessment was performed following the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development guidelines. Significant () dose-dependent wound healing effect, similar to that of 1 % silver sulphadiazine was elicit by the 10, 15 and 20 %/ XES ointments. The highest effect was demonstrated by XES 20 %/ which resulted in 98.3 % wound surface closure by day 9 of treatment (). The total phenolic and flavonoid contents were determined to be 381.2 ± 12.57 mg/g gallic acid equivalent (GAE) and 460 ± 29.07 mg/g quercetin equivalent respectively. XES exhibited remarkable free radical scavenging effect (IC = 68.13 ± 1.87 μg/mL) and had a total antioxidant capacity of 279.2 ± 32.08 mg/g GAE. The LD of XES was estimated to be > 5000 mg/kg. In sub-acute toxicity, 28 days treatment with XES (250, 500, 1000 mg/kg body weight) did not result in any significant () change in the body weight or weight of the heart, lung, spleen, liver and kidneys. The haematological and biochemical profiles of XES-treated rats were not significantly () affected after 4-weeks treatment with XES, except for platelet count which increased significantly () in a non-dose-dependent manner. Histopathological examination did not reveal any toxic effect to liver cells, however at 1000 mg/kg XES, slight abnormalities were identified in the glomeruli. Microscopy of the powdered stem bark displayed calcium oxalate crystals, pitted vessels and lignified fibres. Tannins, flavonoids, coumarins, saponins, triterpenes and alkaloids were identified in the bark. This is the first report on the wound healing potential and safety profile of , giving scientific credence to its use in traditional medicine.
PubMed: 37954382
DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21692 -
Burns : Journal of the International... Apr 2024Burns are a major global healthcare concern, often complicated by the presence of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the wounds. Silver-based dressings are...
Burns are a major global healthcare concern, often complicated by the presence of bacteria such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa in the wounds. Silver-based dressings are commonly used in the treatment of burns but can cause skin irritation and delay healing time. Medical-grade honey (MGH) provides an interesting alternative. This study investigated the antimicrobial effects and possible cytotoxicity of L-Mesitran Soft (MGH-gel) and its individual components, Medihoney (Manuka), Flammazine (silver sulphadiazine), and silver nitrate (AgNO) in an ex vivo human burn wound model. Bacterial survival and wound healing parameters, including re-epithelialization and keratinocyte proliferation were assessed. L-Mesitran, Flammazine, and AgNO reduced P. aeruginosa numbers below detection levels. L-Mesitran Soft exhibited a significantly stronger antimicrobial effect compared to Medihoney. The individual components of L-Mesitran contributed significantly to its antibacterial efficacy, thus suggesting synergistic activities. Moreover, L-Mesitran, Flammazine, and AgNO slightly inhibited re-epithelialization while Medihoney treatment resulted in a complete lack of re-epithelialization and keratinocyte proliferation. Furthermore, clinical cases illustrated the effectiveness of MGH therapy in infected burns. Overall, L-Mesitran Soft had similar effects as silver-based products on bacterial load and epidermal regeneration, but outperformed Medihoney. Therefore, supplemented MGH could be used as an effective alternative to silver-based dressings for P. aeruginosa-infected burns.
Topics: Humans; Silver Sulfadiazine; Honey; Burns; Wound Healing; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria
PubMed: 37940425
DOI: 10.1016/j.burns.2023.10.009 -
Outcomes of trimethoprim/ sulfamethoxazole treatment for ocular toxoplasmosis in Congolese patients.BMC Ophthalmology Oct 2023Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is the leading cause of infectious posterior uveitis in several areas worldwide. The combination of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) has...
BACKGROUND
Ocular toxoplasmosis (OT) is the leading cause of infectious posterior uveitis in several areas worldwide. The combination of Trimethoprim/Sulfamethoxazole (TMP/SMX) has been presented as an attractive alternative to the "classic' treatment therapy (Pyrimethamine/Sulfadiazine).
METHODS
A prospective study was carried out between February 2020 and September 2021 in 2 ophthalmic centers in Kinshasa. This study aimed to describe TMP/SMX treatment outcomes for OT in a cohort of immunocompetent Congolese patients.
RESULTS
54 patients were included, with a mean age at presentation of 37.5 ± 13.6 years old and a Male-Female ratio of 1.45:1. Three patients (5.6%) presented a recurrence during the follow-up period. At the end of the follow-up, improvement in VA and resolution of inflammation concerned 75.9% and 77.5% of patients, respectively. Cataracts (3.7%), macular scars (3.7%), and vitreous opacities (3.7%) were the principal causes of non-improvement in VA. Treatment-related adverse events were present in 10 patients (18.5%); gastrointestinal (14.8%) and dermatological (3.7%) adverse events were the most frequent. Dermatological adverse events led to discontinuation of treatment.
CONCLUSION
TMP/SMX regimen appears to be a safe and effective treatment for OT in Congolese patients. The low cost and the accessibility of the molecules make this regimen an option for treating OT in resource-limited countries.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; Toxoplasmosis, Ocular; Pyrimethamine; Prospective Studies; Democratic Republic of the Congo
PubMed: 37907920
DOI: 10.1186/s12886-023-03183-x -
ACS Omega Oct 2023In this study, a pilot-scale integrated process was developed, which combined the integrated biological contact oxidation technology (AO) and the improved constructed...
In this study, a pilot-scale integrated process was developed, which combined the integrated biological contact oxidation technology (AO) and the improved constructed wetland technology. The results showed significant removal efficiency for both conventional and trace organic pollutants. The average removal efficiencies for COD, NH-N, and TP were 78.52, 85.95, and 49.47%, respectively. For trace organic pollutants, triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, the removal efficiencies reached 60.14, 57.42, and 84.29%, respectively. The AO stage played a crucial role in removing trace organic pollutants, achieving removal efficiencies of 37.28, 43.44, and 83.82% for triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, respectively. Subsequent treatment using improved constructed wetland technology with coal slag + gravel fillers demonstrated the highest removal efficiency, with average efficiencies of 68.66, 63.38, and 81.32% for triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine, respectively. Correlation analysis revealed positive correlations between temperature, precipitation, and the removal efficiency of COD, NH-N, and TP, while negative correlations were observed with the removal efficiency of triclocarban, triclosan, and sulfadiazine. Furthermore, the influent concentrations of triclocarban and triclosan were significantly negatively correlated with the removal efficiency of COD and TP. The presence of triclocarban and triclosan potentially reduced the microbial diversity and hindered sludge sedimentation performance.
PubMed: 37901527
DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c03461 -
Pharmaceutics Oct 2023This study aimed to develop novel topical formulations based on a natural component (0.5% of Siberian pine essential oil) and to assess its wound-healing capacity...
This study aimed to develop novel topical formulations based on a natural component (0.5% of Siberian pine essential oil) and to assess its wound-healing capacity through macroscopic, histopathological, and biochemical examination. The phytochemical profile of essential oil (PSEO) and rheological analysis and safety potential of formulations were determined. The wound-healing effect was evaluated on an excision wound model in diabetic rats randomly divided into the following groups topically treated with (1) untreated, (2) 1% silver sulfadiazine, (3) ointment base, (4) gel base, (5) PSEO ointment, and (6) PSEO gel. Formulations containing PSEO were stable and safe for skin application. Three weeks of treatment with both PSEO formulations (ointment and gel) led to a significant reduction in wound size (98.14% and 96.28%, respectively) and a remarkably higher level of total hydroxyproline content (9.69 µg/mg and 7.26 µg/mg dry tissue, respectively) relative to the control group (65.97%; 1.81 µg/mg dry tissue). These findings were in correlation with histopathological results. Topically applied PSEO formulations were associated with a significant reduction in most of the measured pro-oxidants and enhanced activity of the antioxidant defense system enzymes ( < 0.05). Our findings showed that gel and ointment with PSEO demonstrated significant wound-repairing capabilities in the excision wound model.
PubMed: 37896197
DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15102437 -
Microorganisms Oct 2023Effectively treating and preventing outbreaks is crucial for improving the economic benefits of aquaculture. Therefore, utilizing immunostimulants, either alone or in...
Effectively treating and preventing outbreaks is crucial for improving the economic benefits of aquaculture. Therefore, utilizing immunostimulants, either alone or in combination, is regarded as a promising strategy. In this study, β-glucan + APS (200 mg/kg + 200 mg/kg), β-glucan (200 mg/kg), APS (200 mg/kg), enrofloxacin (15 mg/kg), and sulfadiazine (15 mg/kg) were added to feed to assess the effects against infection in largemouth bass () within 14 days. The survival rates did not differ between the enrofloxacin group and the β-glucan + APS group, but both were significantly higher than that of the control group. Additionally, the enrofloxacin group and the β-glucan + APS group exhibited the lowest bacterial loads and tissue damage. Importantly, the β-glucan + APS treatment significantly improved serum enzyme activities (total superoxide dismutase, lysozyme, total protein) and the expression of immune genes (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ, IgM) compared to the other treatment groups. The enrofloxacin group showed similar efficacy to the β-glucan + APS group in combating infection, but in the enrofloxacin group developed drug resistance. In summary, the combined use of β-glucan and APS is a promising strategy for treating bacterial diseases, thereby contributing to the promotion of sustainable aquaculture development.
PubMed: 37894188
DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms11102529 -
JAMA Health Forum Oct 2023
Topics: Controlled Substances; Sulfadiazine; Telemedicine
PubMed: 37862032
DOI: 10.1001/jamahealthforum.2023.3251 -
Medicine Oct 2023To investigate the distribution characteristics of pathogens in different stages of pressure ulcers and observe the application of linear polarized polychromatic light... (Randomized Controlled Trial)
Randomized Controlled Trial
Distribution characteristics of pathogens in different stages of pressure ulcers and the therapeutic effect of linear polarized polychromatic light combined with silver sulfadiazine cream.
To investigate the distribution characteristics of pathogens in different stages of pressure ulcers and observe the application of linear polarized polychromatic light (LPPL) combined with silver sulfadiazine cream in treating varying stages of pressure ulcers. This study comprised 88 patients with pressure ulcers who were enrolled in the department of burn and plastic surgery of our hospital from April 2019 to April 2022. The wound exudates from patients were collected, followed by analyzing the distribution of pathogens in different stages of pressure ulcers. Patients were randomly divided into 2 groups. The first group (n = 44) received LPPL combined with silver sulfadiazine. The other group was intervened with LPPL group only for 2 weeks. The clinical efficacy, condition, and pain in the 2 groups, as well as the healing timeframes for patients were measured at different stages. The findings showed that among 88 patients with pressure ulcers, 62 were infected, and the infection rate was 70.45%. The pathogens that were observed in stage II and III to IV pressure ulcers were mainly Gram-negative bacteria. The total effective rate in the combined group was 90.91%, which was much higher than that of LPPL group (70.45%). Compared with LPPL group, the pressure ulcer scale for healing and visual analogue scale scores in the combined group were markedly lower (P < .05). It is important to note that in LPPL group, the healing time of patients in stage II and stage III to IV in the combined arm were 9.76 ± 2.38 days and 13.19 ± 2.54 days, respectively. The corresponding time in the LPPL group was prolonged to 13.20 ± 3.76 and 18.82 ± 4.17 days, respectively. The main pathogens associated with wound infection in patients with pressure ulcers are Gram-negative bacteria. The curative effects of LPPL combined with sulfadiazine silver cream on patients with pressure ulcer is obviously improved, and the recovery and pain relief are faster while the healing time of pressure ulcer is shorter.
Topics: Humans; Silver Sulfadiazine; Pressure Ulcer; Wound Healing; Burns; Pain
PubMed: 37861479
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000035772