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International Journal of Infectious... Apr 2024South Asia remains home to foodborne diseases caused by the Vibrio species. We aimed to compile and update information on the epidemiology of vibriosis in South Asia. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVES
South Asia remains home to foodborne diseases caused by the Vibrio species. We aimed to compile and update information on the epidemiology of vibriosis in South Asia.
METHODS
For this systematic review and meta-analysis, we searched PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and Google Scholar for studies related to vibriosis in South Asia published up to May 2023. A random-effects meta-analysis was used to estimate the pooled isolation rate of non-cholera-causing Vibrio species.
RESULTS
In total, 38 studies were included. Seven of these were case reports and 22 were included in the meta-analysis. The reported vibriosis cases were caused by non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, V. fluvialis, and V. vulnificus. The overall pooled isolation rate was 4.0% (95% confidence interval [CI] 3.0-5.0%) in patients with diarrhea. Heterogeneity was high (I = 98.0%). The isolation rate of non-O1/non-O139 V. cholerae, V. parahaemolyticus, and V. fluvialis were 9.0 (95% CI 7.0-10.0%), 1.0 (95% CI 1.0-2.0%), and 2.0 (95% CI: 1.0-3.0%), respectively. Regarding V. parahaemolyticus, O3:K6 was the most frequently isolated serotype. Cases peaked during summer. Several studies reported antibiotic-resistant strains and those harboring extended-spectrum beta-lactamases genes.
CONCLUSIONS
This study demonstrates a high burden of infections caused by non-cholera-causing Vibrio species in South Asia.
Topics: Humans; Vibrio cholerae; Vibrio Infections; Foodborne Diseases; Diarrhea; Asia, Southern
PubMed: 38311027
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2024.01.022 -
MMWR. Morbidity and Mortality Weekly... Feb 2024
Topics: Humans; Vibrio vulnificus; Hot Temperature; Vibrio Infections
PubMed: 38300849
DOI: 10.15585/mmwr.mm7304a3 -
BioRxiv : the Preprint Server For... Jan 2024CRISPRi (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats interference) is a gene knockdown method that uses a deactivated Cas9 protein (dCas9) that binds a specific...
CRISPRi (Clustered Regularly Interspaced Palindromic Repeats interference) is a gene knockdown method that uses a deactivated Cas9 protein (dCas9) that binds a specific gene target locus dictated by an encoded guide RNA (sgRNA) to block transcription. Mobile-CRISPRi is a suite of modular vectors that enable CRISPRi knockdowns in diverse bacteria by integrating IPTG-inducible and genes into the genome using Tn transposition. Here, we show that the Mobile-CRISPRi system functions robustly and specifically in multiple species: , and . We demonstrate efficacy by targeting both essential and non-essential genes that function to produce defined, measurable phenotypes: bioluminescence, quorum sensing, cell division, and growth arrest. We anticipate that Mobile-CRISPRi will be used in species to systematically probe gene function and essentiality in various behaviors and native environments.
PubMed: 38293084
DOI: 10.1101/2024.01.17.575898 -
BMC Microbiology Jan 2024Vibrio vulnificus exists as one of the most serious foodborne pathogens for humans, and rapid and sensitive detection methods are needed to control its infections. As an...
BACKGROUND
Vibrio vulnificus exists as one of the most serious foodborne pathogens for humans, and rapid and sensitive detection methods are needed to control its infections. As an emerging method, The Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification (LAMP) assay has been applied to the early detection of various foodborne pathogens due to its high efficiency, but sample preprocessing still prolongs the complete detection. To optimize the detection process, our study established a novel sample preprocessing method that was more efficient compared to common methods.
RESULT
Using V. vulnificus as the detecting pathogen, the water-lysis-based detecting LAMP method shortened the preprocessing time to ≤ 1 min with 100% LAMP specificity; the detection limits of the LAMP assay were decreased to 1.20 × 10 CFU/mL and 1.47 × 10 CFU/g in pure culture and in oyster, respectively. Furthermore, the 100% LAMP specificity and high sensitivity of the water-lysis method were also obtained on detecting V. parahaemolyticus, V. alginolyticus, and P. mirabilis, revealing its excellent LAMP adaption with improvement in sensitivity and efficiency.
CONCLUSION
Our study provided a novel LAMP preprocessing method that was more efficient compared to common methods and possessed the practical potential for LAMP application in the future.
Topics: Humans; Vibrio vulnificus; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques; Water; Specimen Handling; Sensitivity and Specificity; Molecular Diagnostic Techniques
PubMed: 38279108
DOI: 10.1186/s12866-024-03186-8 -
Foods (Basel, Switzerland) Jan 2024The bioactive properties of the combination of microencapsulated cell-free supernatant (CFS) from and thyme extract on food-related bacteria (, ATCC29213, ATCC29212,...
The bioactive properties of the combination of microencapsulated cell-free supernatant (CFS) from and thyme extract on food-related bacteria (, ATCC29213, ATCC29212, and Paratyphi A NCTC13) were investigated. The microencapsulated CFS of in combination with ethanolic thyme extract, had a particle size in the range of 1.11 to 11.39 µm. The microencapsulated CFS of had a wrinkled, spherical form. In the supernatant, especially at 2% (), the thyme extract additive caused a decrease in the wrinkled form and a completely spherical structure. A total of 11 compounds were determined in the cell-free supernatant of , and acetic acid (39.64%) and methyl-d3 1-dideuterio-2-propenyl ether (10.87%) were the main components. Thyme extract contained seven components, the main component being carvacrol at 67.96% and 1,2,3-propanetriol at 25.77%. Significant differences ( < 0.05) were observed in the inhibition zones of the extracts on bacteria. The inhibitory effect of thyme extract on bacteria varied between 25.00 () and 41.67 mm (). Less antibacterial activity was shown by the microencapsulated CFS from compared to their pure form. ( < 0.05). As a result, it was found that microencapsulated forms of CFS from especially those prepared in combination with 2% (/) thyme extract, generally showed higher bioactive effects on bacteria.
PubMed: 38275696
DOI: 10.3390/foods13020329 -
Annals of Agricultural and... Dec 2023The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between characteristics of microbial community, pathogenic bacteria and high-risk antibiotic-resistant genes, between...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to explore the correlation between characteristics of microbial community, pathogenic bacteria and high-risk antibiotic-resistant genes, between coastal beaches and a multi-warm-blooded host, as well as to determine potential species biomarkers for faecal source contamination on tropical coastal beaches in China.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The 'One-Health' approach was used in a microbiological study of beaches and warm-blooded hosts. The microbial.community was analyzed using 16S rRNA gene amplicons and shotgun metagenomics on Illumina NovaSeq.
RESULTS
The Chao, Simpson, Shannon, and ACE indices of non-salt beach were greater than those of salt beaches at the genus and OTU levels (P < 0.001). Bacteroidota, Halanaerobiaeota, Cyanobacteria, and Firmicutes were abundant on salt beaches (P<0.01). Human-sourced microorganisms were more abundant on salt beaches, which accounted for 0.57%. and were considered as reliable indicators for the contamination of human faeces. High-risk carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and the genotypes KPC-14 and KPC-24 were observed on salt beaches. Tet(X3)/tet(X4) genes and four types of MCR genes co-occurred on beaches and humans; MCR9.1 accounted for the majority. Tet(X4) found among Cyanobacteria. Although rarely reported at Chinese beaches, pathogens, such as ,, and , were observed.
CONCLUSIONS
The low microbial community diversity, however, did not indicate a reduced risk. The transfer of high-risk ARGs to extreme coastal environments should be given sufficient attention.
Topics: Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Water Microbiology; Bacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Microbiota
PubMed: 38153067
DOI: 10.26444/aaem/176090 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023Our patient, a 48-year-old man from Guangdong's coastal region, worked selling and processing oysters and other seafood. He started experiencing swelling and pain in his...
Our patient, a 48-year-old man from Guangdong's coastal region, worked selling and processing oysters and other seafood. He started experiencing swelling and pain in his left knee on October 4, 2022, and they got worse over time. The findings of mNGS test showed Vibrio vulnificus infection. The patient had AIDS, hepatitis A and hepatitis B concurrently. He was admitted to the hospital's intensive care unit (ICU) for treatment as his symptoms worsened. We refrained from performing an amputation because the family members expressed a desire to keep the limb. The limb was managed with regular dressing changes, thorough debridement, wound closure, ongoing VSD drainage, and local antibiotic irrigation. The patient's organ function eventually returned to normal, and the systemic infection got better. On November 1, the wound's new granulation tissue had grown well and had gradually crept to cover 80% of the wound. The tissue's blood flow had also improved, indicating a trend of growth and healing.
Topics: Male; Humans; Middle Aged; Vibrio vulnificus; Coinfection; Vibrio Infections; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis C; HIV Infections
PubMed: 38146312
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1290636 -
PloS One 2023Heterogeneity of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences has recently emerged as a mechanism that can lead to subpopulations of specialized ribosomes. Our previous study showed...
Heterogeneity of ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences has recently emerged as a mechanism that can lead to subpopulations of specialized ribosomes. Our previous study showed that ribosomes containing highly divergent rRNAs expressed from the rrnI operon (I-ribosomes) can preferentially translate a subset of mRNAs such as hspA and tpiA in the Vibrio vulnificus CMCP6 strain. Here, we explored the functional conservation of I-ribosomes across Vibrio species. Exogenous expression of the rrnI operon in another V. vulnificus strain, MO6-24/O, and in another Vibrio species, V. fischeri (strain MJ11), decreased heat shock susceptibility by upregulating HspA expression. In addition, we provide direct evidence for the preferential synthesis of HspA by I-ribosomes in the V. vulnificus MO6-24/O strain. Furthermore, exogenous expression of rrnI in V. vulnificus MO6-24/O cells led to higher mortality of infected mice when compared to the wild-type (WT) strain and a strain expressing exogenous rrnG, a redundant rRNA gene in the V. vulnificus CMCP6 strain. Our findings suggest that specialized ribosomes bearing heterogeneous rRNAs play a conserved role in translational regulation among Vibrio species. This study shows the functional importance of rRNA heterogeneity in gene expression control by preferential translation of specific mRNAs, providing another layer of specialized ribosome system.
Topics: Mice; Animals; Vibrio; RNA, Ribosomal; Ribosomes; Vibrio vulnificus; Operon
PubMed: 38051731
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0289072 -
Journal of Microbiology and... Jan 2024Chemical and physical elements affecting the production of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) of the human pathogen were quantitatively assessed to optimize the...
Chemical and physical elements affecting the production of bacterial extracellular vesicles (BEVs) of the human pathogen were quantitatively assessed to optimize the conditions for the BEV production by using the western blot quantification for an outer membrane porin OmpU and by fluorescent dye FM4-64. When cells were cultured at 37°C in an enriched medium (2 × Luria Bertani; 2 × LB) in the presence of EDTA, they produced about 70% more BEVs. BEVs were purified from the cells cultured in the established optimal conditions by the density gradient ultracentrifugation. The dynamic light scattering measurement of the purified BEVs showed that the diameter of them ranged from approximately 25 nm to 161 nm. We hypothesized that there may be some features in nucleotide sequences specific to RNAs packaged in BEVs compared to those in cellular RNA molecules. We compared the nucleotide sequences and abundance of sRNAs between in the cellular fraction and in BEVs through next-generation sequencing (NGS). While no distinct feature was observed in the nucleotide sequences of sRNAs between two groups, the length of sRNA fragments from BEVs were significantly shorter than those in cytoplasm.
Topics: Humans; Vibrio vulnificus; RNA; Extracellular Vesicles; RNA, Bacterial
PubMed: 38044684
DOI: 10.4014/jmb.2310.10002 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in () infection.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the diagnostic value of metagenomic next-generation sequencing (mNGS) in () infection.
METHODS
A retrospective analysis of patients with infection at the Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University from January 1, 2020 to April 23, 2023 was conducted. 14 enrolled patients were diagnosed by culture or mNGS. The corresponding medical records were reviewed, and the clinical data analyzed included demographics, epidemiology laboratory findings, physical examination, symptoms at presentation, antibiotic and surgical treatment, and outcome.
RESULTS
In this study, 78.6% (11/14) patients had a history of marine trauma (including fish stab, shrimp stab, crab splints and fish hook wounds), 7.1% (1/14) had eaten seafood, and the remaining 14.3% (2/14) had no definite cause. Isolation of from clinical samples including blood, tissue, fester and secreta. 9 cases were positive for culture, 5 cases were detected synchronously by mNGS and got positive for . 85.7% (12/14) cases accepted surgical treatment, with 1 patient suffering finger amputated. 14 enrolled patients received appropriate antibiotic therapy, and all of them had recovered and discharged. 9 strains isolated in this study were sensitive to most beta-lactam antibiotics, aminoglycosides, quinolones, etc.
CONCLUSION
infection is a common water-exposed disease in Zhuhai, which requires identification of a number of pathogens. Of severe infections with unknown pathogen, mNGS can be used simultaneously, and the potential to detect multiple pathogens is of great help in guiding treatment.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Retrospective Studies; Vibrio Infections; Vibrio vulnificus; Anti-Bacterial Agents; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing
PubMed: 38035326
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1210919