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Exploration (Beijing, China) Feb 2024Colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally characterized by a high prevalence of (), a spindle-shaped, Gram-negative anaerobe pathogen derived from the oral cavity. This... (Review)
Review
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is generally characterized by a high prevalence of (), a spindle-shaped, Gram-negative anaerobe pathogen derived from the oral cavity. This tumor-resident microorganism has been closely correlated with the occurrence, progression, chemoresistance and immunosuppressive microenvironment of CRC. Furthermore, can specifically colonize CRC tissues through adhesion on its surface, forming biofilms that are highly resistant to commonly used antibiotics. Accordingly, it is crucial to develop efficacious non-antibiotic approaches to eradicate and its biofilms for CRC treatment. In recent years, various antimicrobial strategies, such as natural extracts, inorganic chemicals, organic chemicals, polymers, inorganic-organic hybrid materials, bacteriophages, probiotics, and vaccines, have been proposed to combat and biofilms. This review summarizes the latest advancements in anti- research, elucidates the antimicrobial mechanisms employed by these systems, and discusses the benefits and drawbacks of each antimicrobial technology. Additionally, this review also provides an outlook on the antimicrobial specificity, potential clinical implications, challenges, and future improvements of these antimicrobial strategies in the treatment of CRC.
PubMed: 38854496
DOI: 10.1002/EXP.20230092 -
Archives of Dermatological Research Jun 2024Fast gut cutaneous sutures have become more prominent due to their low tissue reactivity, rapid absorption, and elimination of suture removal visits. It is not known how... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Fast gut cutaneous sutures have become more prominent due to their low tissue reactivity, rapid absorption, and elimination of suture removal visits. It is not known how fast gut sutures compare to other closure modalities.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature review was conducted to identify randomized controlled trials comparing fast gut sutures to alternative closure methods during dermatologic surgery. Data collected included patient and physician assessed cosmetic outcome as well as standardized complication rates.
RESULTS
Six studies were included in final analysis and reported on 208 patients. Fast gut sutures were associated with lower physician opinions of final scar when compared to polypropylene sutures (SMD 0.438; 95% CI 0.082 to 0.794). No differences existed between physician opinion of fast gut sutures and cyanoacrylate tissue adhesive (SMD - 0.024; 95% CI - 0.605 to 0.556). Complications with fast gut suture placement were rare, and included infection, dehiscence, and hematomas. Fast gut sutures were less likely to experience wound dehiscence than tissue adhesive (p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
If no contraindications to polypropylene sutures exist, they may provide superior cosmetic outcomes compared to fast gut sutures. Further research is required to better quantify cosmetic outcomes and optimal use of fast gut sutures.
Topics: Humans; Sutures; Dermatologic Surgical Procedures; Suture Techniques; Tissue Adhesives; Polypropylenes; Cicatrix; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Cyanoacrylates; Wound Healing
PubMed: 38850366
DOI: 10.1007/s00403-024-02973-7 -
Medicine Jun 2024Moderate red wine (RW) consumption is associated with a low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of RW and white wine... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Red wine alleviates atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy subjects rather than in high cardiovascular risk subjects: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Moderate red wine (RW) consumption is associated with a low risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD). However, few studies have evaluated the effects of RW and white wine (WW) on inflammatory markers related to atherosclerosis in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD. This study aimed to assess the effect of RW on inflammatory markers in healthy individuals and high-risk subjects for CVD compared with moderate alcohol consumption.
METHODS
The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses 2020 (PRISMA) was followed in this study. The PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, SinoMed, EbscoHost, and ScienceDirect databases were searched. The risk of bias and quality of the included trials were assessed using the Cochrane Handbook. The main results are summarized in Stata 12.
RESULTS
Twelve studies were included in the meta-analysis. The results demonstrated that RW significantly decreased circulating intercellular cell adhesion molecule-1, vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1, and Sialyl-Lewis X expression on the surface of monocytes in healthy subjects, but not in patients with CVD. Additionally, RW significantly decreased Sialyl-Lewis X but increased clusters of differentiation 40 (CD40) expressed on the surface of T lymphocytes and significantly decreased C-C chemokine receptor type 2 (CCR2) and very late activation antigen 4 (VLA-4) expressed on the surface of monocytes. Interestingly, subgroup analysis also found that RW significantly decreased circulating interleukin-6 (IL-6) in Spain but not in other countries, and significantly increased αMβ2 (Mac-1) in the group that had an intervention duration of less than 3 weeks.
CONCLUSIONS
Moderate consumption of RW is more effective than WW in alleviating atherosclerosis-related inflammatory markers in healthy people rather than high-risk subjects for CVD, but this needs to be further confirmed by studies with larger sample sizes.
Topics: Humans; Wine; Atherosclerosis; Biomarkers; Inflammation; Cardiovascular Diseases; Healthy Volunteers; Heart Disease Risk Factors
PubMed: 38847707
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038229 -
Frontiers in Endocrinology 2024Various stem cell-loaded scaffolds have demonstrated promising endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Various stem cell-loaded scaffolds have demonstrated promising endometrial regeneration and fertility restoration. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of stem cell-loaded scaffolds in treating uterine injury in animal models.
METHODS
The PubMed, Embase, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were systematically searched. Data were extracted and analyzed using Review Manager version 5.4. Improvements in endometrial thickness, endometrial glands, fibrotic area, and number of gestational sacs/implanted embryos were compared after transplantation in the stem cell-loaded scaffolds and scaffold-only group. The standardized mean difference (SMD) and confidence interval (CI) were calculated using forest plots.
RESULTS
Thirteen studies qualified for meta-analysis. Overall, compared to the scaffold groups, stem cell-loaded scaffolds significantly increased endometrial thickness (SMD = 1.99, 95% CI: 1.54 to 2.44, P < 0.00001; I² = 16%) and the number of endometrial glands (SMD = 1.93, 95% CI: 1.45 to 2.41, P < 0.00001; I² = 0). Moreover, stem cell-loaded scaffolds present a prominent effect on improving fibrosis area (SMD = -2.50, 95% CI: -3.07 to -1.93, P < 0.00001; I² = 36%) and fertility (SMD = 3.34, 95% CI: 1.58 to 5.09, P = 0.0002; I² = 83%). Significant heterogeneity among studies was observed, and further subgroup and sensitivity analyses identified the source of heterogeneity. Moreover, stem cell-loaded scaffolds exhibited lower inflammation levels and higher angiogenesis, and cell proliferation after transplantation.
CONCLUSION
The evidence indicates that stem cell-loaded scaffolds were more effective in promoting endometrial repair and restoring fertility than the scaffold-only groups. The limitations of the small sample sizes should be considered when interpreting the results. Thus, larger animal studies and clinical trials are needed for further investigation.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024493132.
Topics: Female; Endometrium; Regeneration; Tissue Scaffolds; Animals; Humans; Fertility; Stem Cells; Infertility, Female; Stem Cell Transplantation
PubMed: 38846497
DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1397783 -
Biofilm Jun 2024Matrix-degrading enzymes are promising non-biocidal adjuncts to dental biofilm control and caries prevention. By disrupting the biofilm matrix structure, enzymes may... (Review)
Review
Matrix-degrading enzymes are promising non-biocidal adjuncts to dental biofilm control and caries prevention. By disrupting the biofilm matrix structure, enzymes may prevent biofilm formation or disperse established biofilms without compromising the microbial homeostasis in the mouth. This study reviewed whether treatment with mutanase and/or dextranase inhibits cariogenic biofilm growth and/or removes cariogenic biofilms . An electronic search was conducted in PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, Web of Science, Cochrane, and LIVIVO databases. Manual searches were performed to identify additional records. Studies that quantitatively measured the effect of mutanase and/or dextranase on the inhibition/removal of cariogenic biofilms were considered eligible for inclusion. Out of 809 screened records, 34 articles investigating the effect of dextranase (n = 23), mutanase (n = 10), and/or combined enzyme treatment (n = 7) were included in the review. The overall risk of bias of the included studies was moderate. Most investigations used simple biofilm models based on one or few bacterial species and employed treatment times ≥30 min. The current evidence suggests that mutanase and dextranase, applied as single or combined treatment, are able to both inhibit and remove cariogenic biofilms. The pooled data indicate that enzymes are more effective for biofilm inhibition than removal, and an overall higher effect of mutanase compared to dextranase was observed.
PubMed: 38846328
DOI: 10.1016/j.bioflm.2024.100202 -
The British Journal of Oral &... Apr 2024The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the most effective and least morbid surgical technique for relieving retroglossal airway... (Review)
Review
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine the most effective and least morbid surgical technique for relieving retroglossal airway obstruction in infants with Robin sequence (RS). The study adhered to PRISMA guidelines and included 25 studies (24 cohorts and one case series) that investigated interventions for airway improvement, including conservative measures, tongue-lip adhesion (TLA), mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO), and tracheostomy. The primary outcome variable was complication rate, while predictor variable was the use of interventions for airway improvement. Results showed that conservative measures were the preferred initial management strategy in most studies, while TLA was recommended for infants with mild obstruction, and MDO or tracheostomy was reserved for severe cases. Only complications could be analysed via meta-analysis due to data heterogeneity, revealing that tracheostomy had a summary odds ratio of 5.39 in favour of TLA, while MDO had a ratio of 2.8 over TLA, and the complication rates were similar between MDO and tracheostomy. If conservative measures fail, the study recommends mandibular distraction as the preferable technique for stable airway improvement. If the infant is unsuitable for distraction, tongue-lip adhesion may serve as an alternative, while tracheostomy should be reserved for cases of severe multi-level obstruction. The authors propose that large-scale, multicentre trials comparing long-term outcomes are required to establish definitive guidelines.
PubMed: 38845304
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjoms.2024.04.003 -
Medical Science Monitor : International... Jun 2024Orthodontic treatments, while essential for achieving optimal oral health, present challenges in infection control due to the propensity for bacterial adhesion and...
Orthodontic treatments, while essential for achieving optimal oral health, present challenges in infection control due to the propensity for bacterial adhesion and biofilm formation on orthodontic appliances. Silver-coated orthodontic materials have emerged as a promising solution, leveraging the potent antimicrobial properties of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs). Antibacterial coatings are used in orthodontics to prevent the formation of bacterial biofilms. This systematic review evaluated the literature on antimicrobial silver coatings on fixed orthodontic appliances, including archwires, brackets, and microimplants. Two evaluators, working independently, rigorously conducted a comprehensive search of various databases, including PubMed, PubMed Central, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science. This systematic review comprehensively examined in vitro studies investigating the antimicrobial efficacy of silver-coated orthodontic archwires, brackets, and microimplants. The review registered in PROSPERO CRD42024509189 synthesized findings from 18 diverse studies, revealing consistent and significant reductions in bacterial adhesion, biofilm formation, and colony counts with the incorporation of AgNPs. Key studies demonstrated the effectiveness of silver-coated archwires and brackets against common oral bacteria, such as Streptococcus mutans and Staphylococcus aureus. Microimplants coated with AgNPs also exhibited notable antimicrobial activity against a range of microorganisms. The systematic review revealed potential mechanisms underlying these antimicrobial effects, highlighted implications for infection prevention in orthodontic practice, and suggested future research avenues. Despite some study heterogeneity and limitations, the collective evidence supports the potential of silver-coated orthodontic materials in mitigating bacterial complications, emphasizing their relevance in advancing infection control measures in orthodontics.
Topics: Silver; Humans; Biofilms; Orthodontic Brackets; Metal Nanoparticles; Orthodontic Wires; Orthodontic Appliances, Fixed; Anti-Infective Agents; Coated Materials, Biocompatible; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Streptococcus mutans; Bacterial Adhesion; Staphylococcus aureus
PubMed: 38843112
DOI: 10.12659/MSM.944255 -
BMC Oral Health Jun 2024To provide an overview of the available scientific evidence from in vitro studies regarding the effect induced by the flavonoids contained in grape seed extracts (GSE)... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide an overview of the available scientific evidence from in vitro studies regarding the effect induced by the flavonoids contained in grape seed extracts (GSE) and cranberry on the microbiological activity of Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans).
METHODS
This systematic review was performed following the parameters of the PRISMA statement (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis). Electronic and manual searches were conducted using PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, EBSCO, and Cochrane databases. Reference lists of selected articles were reviewed to identify relevant studies. The search was not limited by year and was conducted solely in English. Eligible studies comprised publications describing in vitro studies that evaluated the effect of flavonoids derived from GSE and cranberry extracts on the microbiological activity of S. mutans. Common variables were identified to consolidate the data. Authors of this review independently screened search results, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias.
RESULTS
Of the 420 studies identified from the different databases, 22 publications were finally selected for review. The risk of bias was low in 13 articles and moderate in 9. The studies analyzed in this review revealed that cranberry extract has an inhibitory effect on the bacterial growth of S. mutans in ranges from 0.5 mg/mL to 25 mg/mL, and GSE exerts a similar effect from 0.5 mg/mL to 250 mg/mL. Additionally, the extracts or their fractions showed reduced biofilm formation capacity, decreased polymicrobial biofilm biomass, deregulation of glycosyltransferases (Gtf) B and C expression, and buffering of pH drop. In addition to adequate antioxidant activity related to polyphenol content.
CONCLUSIONS
The overall results showed that the extracts of cranberry and grape seed were effective in reducing the virulence factors of the oral pathogen. According to the data, proanthocyanidins are the active components in cranberry and grape seed that effectively resist S. mutans. They can inhibit the formation of insoluble polysaccharides in the extracellular matrix and prevent glycan-mediated adhesion, cohesion, and aggregation of the proteins in S. mutans. This suggests that these natural extracts could play an important role in the prevention of cariogenic bacterial colonization, as well as induce a decrease in their microbiological activity.
Topics: Streptococcus mutans; Vaccinium macrocarpon; Plant Extracts; Flavonoids; Grape Seed Extract; Biofilms; Humans; Vitis; Proanthocyanidins
PubMed: 38840232
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-024-04263-0 -
Shoulder & Elbow Jul 2024Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown promising results for adhesive shoulder capsulitis (AC) in pre-clinical models. The aim of this review is to investigate the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has shown promising results for adhesive shoulder capsulitis (AC) in pre-clinical models. The aim of this review is to investigate the clinical outcomes of using PRP in AC.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We conducted a systematic scoping review of the literature using bibliographic databases from inception until the 9 of January 2022 [PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, and CENTRAL]. Randomized studies were included if they investigated the use of PRP in human patients with a diagnosis of AC. Authors performed individual study quality assessments using the RoB 2 tool.
RESULTS
We screened a total of 470 results and 6 were included in the final synthesis. Studies included data of 578 patients with 263 patients receiving PRP (45.5%). All studies used PRP as part of non-operative treatment. PRP was compared to another intervention in all six studies. Four of these studies found PRP to be more effective. No major adverse effects were reported in any study.
CONCLUSION
PRP is a safe treatment option that can be added to the investigative treatment arsenal of AC. Despite showing some favorable results, several limitations and patient-centered questions remain to be addressed by future studies.
LEVEL OF EVIDENCE
IV.
PubMed: 38818099
DOI: 10.1177/17585732231174184 -
Frontiers in Oral Health 2024Digital denture fabrication became an alternative method to conventional denture fabrication. However reviewing the antimicrobial performance of newly introduced digital...
OBJECTIVES
Digital denture fabrication became an alternative method to conventional denture fabrication. However reviewing the antimicrobial performance of newly introduced digital fabrication methods in comparison to the conventional method is neglected. Aim of study: this review was to compare the antiadherence properties of various CAD-CAM subtractive (milled), additive (3D printed) conventional denture base resins. In order to answer the developed PICO question: "Does CAD-CAM milled and 3D printed denture base resins have microbiological antiadherence properties over the conventional ones?" We included comparative studies on digitally fabricated Denture base resins with conventionally fabricated one in term of microbial adhesion.
METHODS
All studies investigated the microbial adherence to CAD-CAM milled and 3D printed denture base resins in comparison to conventional were searched in the PubMed, Web of Sciences, and Scopus databases up to December 2023.
RESULTS
Fifteen studies have been investigated the microbial adhesion to milled and 3D printed denture base resins. CAD-CAM milled resins significantly decreased the microbial adhesion when compared with the conventional resins and 3D printed resins, while the later showed a high tendency for microbial adhesion. The addition of antifungal agents to 3D printed resins significantly reduced adhesion. In terms of 3D printing parameters, printing orientation affected adherence while printing technology had no effect on microbial adhesion.
CONCLUSION
Denture base materials and fabrication methods significantly affect the microbial adhesion. CAD-CAM milled denture base resins demonstrated low microbial adhesion. 3D-printed resins showed high tendency for adhesion. The antiadherent properties of 3D-printed resins can be improved by incorporating antifungal agents or changing the printing parameters, but further investigations are required to validate these modifications.
PubMed: 38817845
DOI: 10.3389/froh.2024.1375186