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Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) May 2024The bioactive compounds in cardamom have been found to enhance cardiovascular health by improving blood lipids and inflammation. We hypothesized that cardamom... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The bioactive compounds in cardamom have been found to enhance cardiovascular health by improving blood lipids and inflammation. We hypothesized that cardamom consumption might ameliorate cardiovascular metabolic biomarkers in adults; however, there is still debate regarding its impact on cardiac metabolism. This research was therefore designed to determine if cardamom consumption had a favorable impact on lipid profiles, inflammatory markers, and oxidative stress indices as they related to cardiovascular diseases. A comprehensive search was conducted through PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library on July 4, 2023. Using a random-effects model pooled the weighted mean difference (WMD) and 95% confidence interval (CI). The final 12 trials containing 989 participants were included. The results illustrated that cardamom consumption could improve total cholesterol (WMD = -8.56 mg/dL; 95% CI, -14.90 to -2.22), triglycerides (WMD = -14.09 mg/dL; 95% CI, -24.01 to -4.17), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (WMD = -1.01 ng/mL; 95% CI, -1.81 to -0.22), and interleukin-6 (WMD = -1.81 pg/mL; 95% CI, -3.06 to -0.56). However, it did not have significant influences on high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and some indicators of oxidative stress. In conclusion, cardamom consumption can improve specific cardiovascular metabolic biomarkers and potentially confer protective effects on cardiovascular health. However, more large-scale clinical research with better designs would further validate the findings, which will offer substantial evidence of cardamom as nutritional and functional products.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Cardiovascular Diseases; Elettaria; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Oxidative Stress; Adult; C-Reactive Protein; Lipids; Triglycerides; Diet; Cholesterol; Male; Interleukin-6; Female; Inflammation; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38593657
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.03.002 -
Journal of Science and Medicine in Sport Jul 2024This study aimed to compare and rank the effectiveness of aerobic exercise, resistance training, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, and high-intensity interval... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Comparative Study Review
Comparative efficacy of different exercise types on inflammatory markers in women with overweight and obesity: A systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
OBJECTIVES
This study aimed to compare and rank the effectiveness of aerobic exercise, resistance training, combined aerobic and resistance exercise, and high-intensity interval training on inflammatory marker levels in women with overweight and obesity by using network meta-analysis.
DESIGN
Systematic review with network meta-analysis and Grading Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation of the evidence.
METHODS
Literature as of April 2023 was searched from databases such as Cochrane, Embase, Pubmed, Web of Science, and EBSCO, and English-language randomized controlled trials that meet the inclusion criteria were selected. A random-effects network meta-analysis was performed within a frequentist framework.
RESULTS
A total of 75 articles and 4048 participants were included. Resistance training was the most recommended type of exercise to decrease C-reactive protein levels (surface under cumulative ranking = 90.1; standardized mean difference = -0.79, 95 % confidence interval: -1.17, -0.42); aerobic exercise was the most effective exercise type to reduce tumor necrosis factor-α levels (surface under cumulative ranking = 87.9; standardized mean difference = -0.79, 95 % confidence interval: -1.19, -0.39); combined aerobic and resistance exercise was the most effective type of exercise to reduce interleukin-6 levels (surface under cumulative ranking = 75.8; standardized mean difference = -0.77, 95 % confidence interval: -1.38, -0.16) and leptin levels (surface under cumulative ranking = 77.1; standardized mean difference = -0.96, 95 % confidence interval: -1.72, -0.20), and high-intensity interval training was the type of exercise that was well suited to increase adiponectin levels (surface under cumulative ranking = 87.2; standardized mean difference = 0.99, 95 % confidence interval: 0.27, 1.71).
CONCLUSIONS
This network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials confirmed that different exercise types have different efficacies on inflammation indicators among women with overweight and obesity. The findings may provide clinicians and healthcare professionals with insights into the implementation of exercise programs for women struggling with overweight and obesity.
Topics: Humans; Female; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Obesity; Resistance Training; Network Meta-Analysis; Exercise; Overweight; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Interleukin-6; High-Intensity Interval Training; Leptin; Adiponectin; Inflammation
PubMed: 38584010
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.03.007 -
Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of... Jun 2024Low back disorder (LBD) is a major cause of disability worldwide. Inflammation results in proliferation of cytokines or consequent degradation products (collectively... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Low back disorder (LBD) is a major cause of disability worldwide. Inflammation results in proliferation of cytokines or consequent degradation products (collectively known as inflammatory biomarkers) that activate pain pathways which can result in non-specific LBD. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to evaluate the relationship between inflammatory biomarkers and clinical outcomes in patients with LBD.
METHODS
The PRISMA guideline was followed for the systematic reivew. Three online databases were searched. Four RCTs and sixteen observational studies with 1142 LBD patients were analysed. The primary outcomes were back and leg pain scores, back-specific disability scores and expression of inflammatory biomarkers. Standardized mean difference (SMD) and their 95% confidence intervals (CI) were evaluated. The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach was used to summarize the strength of evidence.
RESULTS
Four RCTs and sixteen observational studies were included in the analysis of 1142 patients with LBD. There was a statistically significant reduction in back pain score and IL-1 beta and increase in the expression of CTX-1 and IL-10 levels post treatment. There was a significant relationship between increase in the expression of MCP- and reduction in the expression of hsCRP with increase in back pain. Significant relationship was also observed between increase in the expression of MCP-1 and reduction in the expression of IL-6 with increase in leg pain. Increase in the expression of IL-8 and reduction in the expression of hsCRP was also associated with increased disability score.
CONCLUSION
Inflammatory biomarkers play a significant role in the pathogenesis of LBD. CTX-1, IL-10 and IL-1 beta may be responsible for the decrease in back pain scores post treatment. There is a relationship between MCP-1, IL-6, IL-8 and hsCRP with clinical and functional assessments for LBD. Further studies will improve understanding of the pathogenesis of LBD and aid in targeted management strategies.
Topics: Humans; Biomarkers; Low Back Pain; Inflammation; Interleukin-10; Interleukin-1beta; Chemokine CCL2; C-Reactive Protein; Interleukin-6; Cytokines; Interleukin-8; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38578280
DOI: 10.1080/1354750X.2024.2339285 -
Respiratory Investigation May 2024The use of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) can potentially result in interstitial lung disease (ILD), which can substantially... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Risk factors for interstitial lung disease in patients with non-small cell lung cancer with epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
The use of epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (EGFR-TKIs) can potentially result in interstitial lung disease (ILD), which can substantially impact a patient's quality of life, subsequently leading to the interruption or discontinuation of EGRF-TKI treatment. Clinicians, therefore, need to thoroughly assess patients to determine if they are at risk for ILD.
METHODS
We searched for observational study in the following databases: MEDLINE via the PubMed, CENTRAL, and IchushiWeb. The primary outcome was risk factors for the development of ILD, while the secondary outcome was risk factors for the severity of ILD. Of the 1602 studies returned, we selected 11 for meta-analysis, performed using a random-effects model.
RESULTS
Risk factors for developing ILD were sex (odds ratio (OR), 1.87; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.08-3.22; I = 0%; P = 0.02), smoking history (OR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.51-3.00; I = 3 4%; P = 0.0001), and history of ILD (OR = 5.95; 95% CI, 3.34-10.59; I = 67%; P = 0.0009). Age, previous thoracic surgery or radiotherapy, performance status, histological type of lung cancer, and treatment line were not statistically significant risk factors for ILD. Risk factors identified in one study were serum albumin level, history of nivolumab use, radiographic residual lung volume, and history of pulmonary infection.
CONCLUSIONS
We identified risk factors for developing ILD in patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated with EGFR-TKIs.
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung; Lung Neoplasms; Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors; Quality of Life; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; ErbB Receptors; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Risk Factors; Antineoplastic Agents; Observational Studies as Topic
PubMed: 38569441
DOI: 10.1016/j.resinv.2024.03.007 -
Materials Today. Bio Jun 2024Effective communication is crucial for broad acceptance and applicability of alternative methods in 3R biomedical research and preclinical testing. 3D bioprinting is... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Effective communication is crucial for broad acceptance and applicability of alternative methods in 3R biomedical research and preclinical testing. 3D bioprinting is used to construct intricate biological structures towards functional liver models, specifically engineered for deployment as alternative models in drug screening, toxicological investigations, and tissue engineering. Despite a growing number of reviews in this emerging field, a comprehensive study, systematically assessing practices and reporting quality for bioprinted liver models is missing.
METHODS
In this systematic scoping review we systematically searched MEDLINE (Ovid), EMBASE (Ovid) and BioRxiv for studies published prior to June 2, 2022. We extracted data on methodological conduct, applied bioinks, the composition of the printed model, performed experiments and model applications. Records were screened for eligibility and data were extracted from included articles by two independent reviewers from a panel of seven domain experts specializing in bioprinting and liver biology. We used RAYYAN for the screening process and SyRF for data extraction. We used R for data analysis, and R and Graphpad PRISM for visualization.
RESULTS
Through our systematic database search we identified 1042 records, from which 63 met the eligibility criteria for inclusion in this systematic scoping review. Our findings revealed that extrusion-based printing, in conjunction with bioinks composed of natural components, emerged as the predominant printing technique in the bioprinting of liver models. Notably, the HepG2 hepatoma cell line was the most frequently employed liver cell type, despite acknowledged limitations. Furthermore, 51% of the printed models featured co-cultures with non-parenchymal cells to enhance their complexity. The included studies offered a variety of techniques for characterizing these liver models, with their primary application predominantly focused on toxicity testing. Among the frequently analyzed liver markers, albumin and urea stood out. Additionally, Cytochrome P450 (CYP) isoforms, primarily CYP3A and CYP1A, were assessed, and select studies employed nuclear receptor agonists to induce CYP activity.
CONCLUSION
Our systematic scoping review offers an evidence-based overview and evaluation of the current state of research on bioprinted liver models, representing a promising and innovative technology for creating alternative organ models. We conducted a thorough examination of both the methodological and technical facets of model development and scrutinized the reporting quality within the realm of bioprinted liver models. This systematic scoping review can serve as a valuable template for systematically evaluating the progress of organ model development in various other domains. The transparently derived evidence presented here can provide essential support to the research community, facilitating the adaptation of technological advancements, the establishment of standards, and the enhancement of model robustness. This is particularly crucial as we work toward the long-term objective of establishing new approach methods as reliable alternatives to animal testing, with extensive and versatile applications.
PubMed: 38558773
DOI: 10.1016/j.mtbio.2024.100991 -
Primary Care Diabetes Jun 2024Based on the rapidly growing global burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or steatohepatitis (NASH), in order to evaluate the efficacy of glucagon-like... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Effects of GLP-1 receptor agonists on the degree of liver fibrosis and CRP in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and non-alcoholic steatohepatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Based on the rapidly growing global burden of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) or steatohepatitis (NASH), in order to evaluate the efficacy of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs) in the treatment of NAFLD or NASH this paper presents a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials(RCTs).
METHODS
In this systematic review and meta-analysis, We searched PubMed, Medline, Web of Science and The Cochrane Library databases. All randomized controlled trials involving GLP-1RAs and NAFLD or NASH were collected since the database was established. A meta-analysis of proportions was done with the generalised linear mixed model. Continuous variables were represented by Mean and Standard Deviation (SD), and binary variable were represented by Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) as effect indicators. The research results were presented by Revman 5.4. This study is registered with PROSPERO (CRD42023390735).
FINDING
We included 16 placebo-controlled or active drug-controlled randomized controlled trials (involving 2178 patients) that used liraglutide, exenatide, dulaglutide, or semaglutie in the treatment of NAFLD or NASH, as measured by liver biopsy or imaging techniques. This study found that the effect of GLP-1RAs on histologic resolution of NASH with no worsening of liver fibrosis (n=2 RCTs; WMD:4.08, 95%CI 2.54-6.56, p < 0.00001) has statistically significant. At the same time, GLP-1RAs affected CRP (n = 7 RCTs; WMD:-0.41, 95% CI-0.78 to -0.04, p =0.002) and other serological indicators were significantly improved.
CONCLUSION
This study evaluated the efficacy of GLP-1RAs in patients with NAFLD and NASH. These results suggest that GLP-1RAs may be a potential and viable therapeutic approach as a targeted agent to intervene in disease progression of NAFLD and NASH.
Topics: Humans; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor; Treatment Outcome; Biomarkers; Liver Cirrhosis; Incretins; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; C-Reactive Protein; Male; Female; Middle Aged; Hypoglycemic Agents; Adult; Liver; Risk Factors; Severity of Illness Index; Aged; Recombinant Fusion Proteins; Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; Liraglutide; Glucagon-Like Peptides; Glucagon-Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists
PubMed: 38555202
DOI: 10.1016/j.pcd.2024.03.005 -
Phytotherapy Research : PTR Jun 2024Pomegranate juice (PJ) has a possible anti-inflammatory effect because of its polyphenol content and antioxidants. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of PJ in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
The effect of pomegranate juice supplementation on C-reactive protein levels: GRADE-assessed systematic review and dose-response updated meta-analysis of data from randomized controlled trials.
Pomegranate juice (PJ) has a possible anti-inflammatory effect because of its polyphenol content and antioxidants. However, the anti-inflammatory effect of PJ in randomized controlled trials (RCTs) has not been consistent. A previous meta-analysis conducted in 2016 reported a nonsignificant lowering effect of PJ on C-reactive protein (CRP) levels. This systematic review and meta-analysis aim to update the pooled effect size of PJ supplementation on CRP levels in RCT studies. PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were comprehensively searched until July 2023. Eligible studies were found by screening, their relevant data was extracted, and a risk of bias assessment was performed. The pooled effect size was calculated using a random effect model as the weighted mean difference (WMD) with a 95% confidence interval. This systematic review included 11 studies with 13 effect sizes and 696 participants. Meta-analysis showed that PJ supplementation led to a significant decrease in CRP levels compared to control groups (WMD: -2.55 mg/L; 95%CI: -3.44 to -1.66; p < 0.001). Subgroup analysis demonstrated the significant reduction effect of PJ on CRP levels in studies conducted on the both sexes or only females as well as Iranian population, individuals with 40 years≤, type 2 diabetes, polycystic ovary syndrome, or trials that intervened with PJ dosage of <250 ml/day. Meta-regression and dose-response analysis reported a nonsignificant linear and nonlinear relationship between intervention characteristics (duration and dose of PJ) and CRP changes. The current meta-analysis revealed that PJ supplemantation has a beneficial effect in improving CRP levels. It is recommended to understand this effect better, and find the optimal dose and duration of PJ supplementation to reduce CRP levels in the blood, and repeat meta-analysis after related RCTs are available. For the final proof of these effects, more detailed human studies are needed.
Topics: C-Reactive Protein; Humans; Fruit and Vegetable Juices; Pomegranate; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Dietary Supplements; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Female; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Antioxidants
PubMed: 38553998
DOI: 10.1002/ptr.8188 -
Journal of the American Academy of... Apr 2024The primary objective of this review was to determine whether the attenuation of the postoperative inflammatory response (PIR) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) leads...
The primary objective of this review was to determine whether the attenuation of the postoperative inflammatory response (PIR) after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) leads to a notable improvement in clinical outcome scores. The secondary objective of this review was to determine the optimal approach in using inflammatory biomarkers, clinical inflammatory assessments, and imaging to quantify the PIR. A systematic literature search of eight major databases was conducted using a predetermined search strategy. C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-6 (IL-6), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), knee surface temperature (KST), and clinical outcome data were collected and graphically displayed. Eighty-six percent of the studies that reported a statistically significant decrease in inflammatory biomarkers in their treatment group demonstrated a concordant notable improvement in clinical outcome scores. Mean CRP, IL-6, ESR, and KST values peaked on postoperative day (POD) 2, POD1, POD7, and POD 1-3, respectively. The PIR is correlated with early pain and function recovery outcomes. Future studies comparing TKA surgical methodologies and perioperative protocols should assess PIR by incorporating inflammatory biomarkers, such as CRP and IL-6, and clinical inflammatory assessment adjuncts, to provide a more comprehensive comparison.
Topics: Humans; Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee; Interleukin-6; Treatment Outcome; Biomarkers; C-Reactive Protein
PubMed: 38547046
DOI: 10.5435/JAAOSGlobal-D-23-00202 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2024Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver damage disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Currently, there is no targeted pharmaceutical intervention available for the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Alcoholic liver disease (ALD) is a liver damage disease caused by long-term heavy drinking. Currently, there is no targeted pharmaceutical intervention available for the treatment of this disease. To address this, this paper evaluates the efficacy and safety of probiotic preparation in treating ALD through conducting a meta-analysis, and provides a valuable insight for clinical decision-making.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted across databases, including PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, CNKI, VIP, Wanfang, and CBM from the inception dates to October 15, 2023, to identify clinical randomized controlled trials on probiotic preparations in the treatment of ALD. After the literature underwent screening, data extraction, and quality assessment, RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.2 were employed for data analysis and processing.
RESULTS
A total of 9 randomized controlled trials fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The results of the meta-analysis showed that probiotic preparation could significantly improve the liver function of patients with alcoholic liver disease compared with the control group. Probiotic intervention led to a significant reduction in the levels of alanine aminotransferase (MD=-13.36,95%CI:-15.80,-10.91;<0.00001),aspartate aminotransferase (MD=-16.99,95%CI:-20.38,-13.59;<0.00001),γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (MD=-18.79,95% CI:-28.23,-9.34; <0.0001). Concurrently, the level of serum albumin (MD=0.19,95% CI:0.02,0.36;=0.03) was increased. Furthermore, probiotic intervention could also modulate the composition of intestinal flora in patients with alcoholic liver disease, leading to an augmentation in and a reduction in However, in patients with alcoholic liver disease, probiotic intervention showed no significant effects on total bilirubin (MD=-0.01,95% CI:-0.17,0.15;=0.91), tumor necrosis factor-α (MD=0.03,95% CI:-0.86,0.92;=0.94) and interleukin-6 (MD=-5.3,95% CI:-16.04,5.45;=0.33).
CONCLUSION
The meta-analysis indicates that probiotics can improve liver function in alcoholic liver disease, reduce inflammatory responses, regulate intestinal flora, which have potential value in the treatment of alcoholic liver disease.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42023472527.
Topics: Humans; Probiotics; Liver Diseases, Alcoholic; Treatment Outcome
PubMed: 38533380
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2024.1358063 -
BMC Anesthesiology Mar 2024Animal experiments have confirmed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries (HIRIs), significantly improving early... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Animal experiments have confirmed that remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) can reduce hepatic ischemia-reperfusion injuries (HIRIs), significantly improving early tissue perfusion and oxygenation of the residual liver after resections, accelerating surgical prognoses, and improving survival rates. However, there is still controversy over the role of RIPC in relieving HIRI in clinical studies, which warrants clarification. This study aimed to evaluate the beneficial effects and applicability of RIPC in hepatectomy and to provide evidence-based information for clinical decision-making.
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating the efficacy and safety of RIPC interventions were collected, comparing RIPC to no preconditioning in patients undergoing hepatectomies. This search spanned from database inception to January 2024. Data were extracted independently by two researchers according to the PRISMA guidelines. The primary outcomes assessed were postoperative alanine transaminase (ALT), aspartate transaminase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and albumin (ALB) levels. The secondary outcomes assessed included duration of surgery and Pringle, length of postoperative hospital stay, intraoperative blood loss and transfusion, indocyanine green (ICG) clearance, hepatocyte apoptosis index, postoperative complications, and others.
RESULTS
Ten RCTs were included in this meta-analysis, with a total of 865 patients (428 in the RIPC group and 437 in the control group). ALT levels in the RIPC group were lower than those in the control group on postoperative day (POD) 1 (WMD = - 59.24, 95% CI: - 115.04 to - 3.45; P = 0.04) and POD 3 (WMD = - 27.47, 95% CI: - 52.26 to - 2.68; P = 0.03). However, heterogeneities were significant (I = 89% and I = 78%), and ALT levels on POD 3 were unstable based on a sensitivity analysis. AST levels on POD 1 in the RIPC group were lower than those in the control group (WMD = - 50.03, 95% CI: - 94.35 to - 5.71; P = 0.03), but heterogeneity was also significant (I = 81%). A subgroup analysis showed no significant differences in ALT and AST levels on POD 1 between groups, regardless of whether the Pringle maneuver or propofol was used for anesthesia (induction only or induction and maintenance, P > 0.05). The remaining outcome indicators were not statistically significant or could not be analyzed due to lack of sufficient data.
CONCLUSION
RIPC has some short-term liver protective effects on HIRIs during hepatectomies. However, there is still insufficient evidence to encourage its routine use to improve clinical outcomes.
TRIAL REGISTRATION
The protocol of this study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42022333383).
Topics: Animals; Humans; Hepatectomy; Ischemic Preconditioning; Liver; Reperfusion Injury; Postoperative Complications; Alanine Transaminase
PubMed: 38532332
DOI: 10.1186/s12871-024-02506-9