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3 Biotech Jun 2023The present study reviewed and discussed the promising affinity tags for one-step purification and immobilization of recombinant proteins. The approach used to structure... (Review)
Review
A systematic review about affinity tags for one-step purification and immobilization of recombinant proteins: integrated bioprocesses aiming both economic and environmental sustainability.
The present study reviewed and discussed the promising affinity tags for one-step purification and immobilization of recombinant proteins. The approach used to structure this systematic review was The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (PRISMA) methodology. The Scopus and Web of Science databases were used to perform the bibliographic survey by which 267 articles were selected. After the inclusion/exclusion criteria and the screening process, from 25 chosen documents, we identified 7 types of tags used in the last 10 years, carbohydrate-binding module tag (CBM), polyhistidine (His-tag), elastin-like polypeptides (ELPs), silaffin-3-derived pentalysine cluster (Sil3k tag), N-acetylmuramidase (AcmA tag), modified haloalkane dehalogenase (HaloTag), and aldehyde from a lipase polypeptide (Aldehyde tag). The most used bacterial host for expressing the targeted protein was and the most used expression vector was pET-28a. The results demonstrated two main immobilization and purification methods: the use of supports and the use of self-aggregating tags without the need of support, depending on the tag used. Besides, the chosen terminal for cloning the tag proved to be very important once it could alter enzyme activity. In conclusion, the best tag for protein one-step purification and immobilization was CBM tag, due to the eco-friendly supports that can be provided from industry wastes, the fast immobilization with high specificity, and the reduced cost of the process.
PubMed: 37193330
DOI: 10.1007/s13205-023-03616-w -
Frontiers in Psychiatry 2023Agomelatine is an atypical antidepressant drug enhancing norepinephrine and dopamine liberation; nevertheless, additional mechanisms are considered for the drug's...
INTRODUCTION
Agomelatine is an atypical antidepressant drug enhancing norepinephrine and dopamine liberation; nevertheless, additional mechanisms are considered for the drug's pharmacological action. Since protein glycoxidation plays a crucial role in depression pathogenesis, agomelatine's impact on carbonyl/oxidative stress was the research purpose.
METHODS
Reactive oxygen species scavenging (hydroxyl radical, hydrogen peroxide, and nitrogen oxide) and antioxidant capacity (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and ferrous ion chelating assays) of agomelatine were marked. Agomelatine's antiglycoxidation properties were assayed in sugars (glucose, fructose, and galactose) and aldehydes- (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) glycated bovine serum albumin (BSA). Aminoguanidine and α-lipoic acid were used as standard glycation/oxidation inhibitors.
RESULTS
Agomelatine did not show meaningful scavenging/antioxidant capacity vs. standards. Sugars/aldehydes increased glycation (↑kynurenine, ↑N-formylkynurenine, ↑dityrosine, ↑advanced glycation end products, and ↑β-amyloid) and oxidation (↑protein carbonyls and ↑advanced oxidation protein products) parameters in addition to BSA. Standards restored BSA baselines of glycation and oxidation markers, unlike agomelatine which sometimes even intensifies glycation above BSA + glycators levels. Molecular docking analysis of agomelatine in BSA demonstrated its very weak binding affinity.
DISCUSSION
Agomelatine's very low affinity to the BSA could proclaim non-specific bonding and simplify attachment of glycation factors. Thereby, the drug may stimulate brain adaptation to carbonyl/oxidative stress as the systematic review indicates. Moreover, the drug's active metabolites could exert an antiglycoxidative effect.
PubMed: 37181902
DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1164459 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2023The genus consists of 160 accepted flowering species thriving throughout temperate regions, mainly in the Mediterranean Basin, Northern America, and southwestern and...
The genus consists of 160 accepted flowering species thriving throughout temperate regions, mainly in the Mediterranean Basin, Northern America, and southwestern and eastern Asia. species bear a long-standing record of use in the folk medicine of indigenous tribes and communities worldwide, along with multitudinous applications in traditional cuisines, cosmeceuticals, and agricultural fields. Up-to-date data related to traditional uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, toxicity and clinical trials of the genus were systematically reviewed from several online scientific engines, including PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, SciFinder, Wiley Online, Science Direct, and Cochrane library. Over the past three decades, 241 metabolites have been isolated from nearly twenty species, including phenolic acids, flavonoids, coumarins, fatty acids and alkanes, aldehydes, volatile compounds, and naphthoquinones. Some unique metabolites have also been identified, such as the ceramides tanacetamide (A-D) from , pyrethrins from , and sesquiterpene lactones from several species. However, these secondary metabolites are still poorly studied despite clues highlighting their colossal pharmacological properties, especially as hypotensive, neuroprotective, anticancer, and antimicrobial agents. Scientific studies have validated some traditional claims of the plant, such as antidiabetic, anticancer, anthelmintic, insecticide, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective activities, as well as against festering wounds, skin ulcers, urinary tract infections, and sexually transmitted diseases. Other ethnomedicinal uses for arthritis, gout, rheumatism, anemia, and as a litholytic, antivenom and diaphoretic have not yet been supported and would constitute the subject of further research.
PubMed: 37153781
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1169629 -
Chinese Medical Journal Jun 2023It remains unclear whether circulating malondialdehyde (MDA) levels change in people with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This systematic review compared circulating MDA... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
It remains unclear whether circulating malondialdehyde (MDA) levels change in people with diabetic retinopathy (DR). This systematic review compared circulating MDA levels in diabetic people with and without DR.
METHODS
PubMed, Medline (Ovid), Embase (Ovid), and Web of Science were searched for case-control studies conducted before May 2022 in English that compared circulating MDA levels in people with and without DR. The following MeSH search terms were used: ("malondialdehyde" or "thiobarbituric acid reactive substances [TBARS]" or "lipid peroxidation" or "oxidative stress") and "diabetic retinopathy." Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. Random-effects pairwise meta-analysis pooled the effect size with standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
This meta-analysis included 29 case-control studies with 1680 people with DR and 1799 people with diabetes but not DR. Compared to people without DR, the circulating MDA levels were higher in those with DR (SMD, 0.897; 95% CI, 0.631 to 1.162; P < 0.001). The study did not identify credible subgroup effects or publication bias and the sensitivity analysis confirmed the robustness of the study.
CONCLUSIONS
Circulating MDA levels are higher in people with DR compared to those without. Future comparative studies that use more specific methods are required to draw firm conclusions.
REGISTRATION
PROSPERO; https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/PROSPERO/ ; No. CRD42022352640.
Topics: Humans; Diabetic Retinopathy; Malondialdehyde; Oxidative Stress; Case-Control Studies; Diabetes Mellitus
PubMed: 37101358
DOI: 10.1097/CM9.0000000000002620 -
European Journal of Cancer (Oxford,... Jun 2023The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) suffers from suboptimal performance and participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Urinary volatile organic compounds... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
The faecal immunochemical test (FIT) suffers from suboptimal performance and participation in colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. Urinary volatile organic compounds (VOCs) may be a useful alternative. We aimed to determine the diagnostic potential of urinary VOCs for CRC/adenomas. By relating VOCs to known pathways, we aimed to gain insight into the pathophysiology of colorectal neoplasia.
METHODS
A systematic search was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Web of Science. Original studies on urinary VOCs for CRC/adenoma detection with a control group were included. QUADAS-2 tool was used for quality assessment. Meta-analysis was performed by adopting a bivariate model for sensitivity/specificity. Fagan's nomogram estimated the performance of combined FIT-VOC. Neoplasm-associated VOCs were linked to pathways using the KEGG database.
RESULTS
Sixteen studies-involving 837 CRC patients and 1618 controls-were included; 11 performed chemical identification and 7 chemical fingerprinting. In all studies, urinary VOCs discriminated CRC from controls. Pooled sensitivity and specificity for CRC based on chemical fingerprinting were 84% (95% CI 73-91%) and 70% (95% CI 63-77%), respectively. The most distinctive individual VOC was butanal (AUC 0.98). The estimated probability of having CRC following negative FIT was 0.38%, whereas 0.09% following negative FIT-VOC. Combined FIT-VOC would detect 33% more CRCs. In total 100 CRC-associated urinary VOCs were identified; particularly hydrocarbons, carboxylic acids, aldehydes/ketones and amino acids, and predominantly involved in TCA-cycle or alanine/aspartate/glutamine/glutamate/phenylalanine/tyrosine/tryptophan metabolism, which is supported by previous research on (colorectal)cancer biology. The potential of urinary VOCs to detect precancerous adenomas or gain insight into their pathophysiology appeared understudied.
CONCLUSION
Urinary VOCs hold potential for non-invasive CRC screening. Multicentre validation studies are needed, especially focusing on adenoma detection. Urinary VOCs elucidate underlying pathophysiologic processes.
Topics: Humans; Volatile Organic Compounds; Biomarkers, Tumor; Early Detection of Cancer; Colorectal Neoplasms; Adenoma; Colonic Neoplasms
PubMed: 37030079
DOI: 10.1016/j.ejca.2023.03.002 -
The Medical Journal of Malaysia Mar 2023Worldwide, around 296 million people have hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, most commonly transmitted from mother-to-child. Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral...
Prevention of mother-to-child transmission of hepatitis B virus: An observation of routine practice in a tertiary liver centre before and after the introduction of the global health sector strategy on viral hepatitis.
INTRODUCTION
Worldwide, around 296 million people have hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, most commonly transmitted from mother-to-child. Global Health Sector Strategy on Viral Hepatitis (GHSSVH) was introduced in May 2016, calling for elimination of viral hepatitis by 2030. This study aims to compare practice in a tertiary liver centre before and after GHSSVH introduction for prevention of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT).
MATERIALS AND METHODS
This retrospective cohort study was performed in a tertiary referral liver centre in Malaysia, using data from electronic medical record from January 2015 to December 2019. A total of 1457 medical records of female with HBV infection were screened. The inclusion criteria of the study were pregnant women with HBsAg positive or known to have HBV infection during the study period. We excluded patients with co-infections of other types of viral hepatitis or human immunodeficiency virus, concurrent liver diseases (e.g.: autoimmune hepatitis, Wilson’s disease), previous organ transplant and malignancy—except for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
RESULTS
This study included 117 pregnancies and 21/117 (17.9%) were on antiviral therapy (AVT) for HBV. In 2017– 2019, 13/18 (72.2%) of those with HBV DNA >200,000IU/ml were on AVT, compared to 5/9 (55.6%) for 2015–2016, indicating 58% (95% CI −63% to 568%) higher odds of being on AVT in post GHSSVH group after accounting for HBV DNA.
CONCLUSION
Uptake of maternal AVT for the prevention of MTCT shows an increased trend since the introduction of GHSSVH, with room for improvement.
Topics: Female; Humans; Fixatives; Hepatitis B virus; Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; Global Health; Formaldehyde; Hepatitis, Viral, Human; Sugars
PubMed: 36988536
DOI: No ID Found -
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry :... Mar 2023Trazodone is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; however, other mechanisms of the drug's anti-depressive properties have also been postulated. Hence, the aim of...
BACKGROUND/AIMS
Trazodone is a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor; however, other mechanisms of the drug's anti-depressive properties have also been postulated. Hence, the aim of the study was to perform a systematic review and assess antiglycoxidative properties of trazodone in in vitro models.
METHODS
Trazodone's scavenging and chelating properties were measured with spectrophotometric method. The impact of the drug on carbonyl/oxidative stress was marked in the bovine serum albumin (BSA) model where sugars (glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose) and aldehydes (glyoxal and methylglyoxal) were used as glycation agents. Aminoguanidine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) were applied as reference glycation/free radical inhibitors. Glycation biomarkers (kynurenine, N-formylkynurenine, dityrosine as well as advanced glycation end products contents) were assessed spectrofluorometrically. Concentrations of oxidation parameters (total thiols (TTs), protein carbonyls (PCs) and also advanced oxidation protein products (AOPPs) levels) were determined spectrophotometrically.
RESULTS
We demonstrated that trazodone poorly scavenged radicals (hydroxyl radical, nitric oxide, hydrogen peroxide and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical) and showed low ferrous ion chelating, unlike aminoguanidine and NAC. Sugars/aldehydes caused enhancement of glycation parameters, as well as a decrease of TTs and an increase of PCs and AOPPs levels compared to BSA incubated alone. Trazodone did not reduce oxidation parameters to the baseline (BSA) and significantly exacerbated glycation markers in comparison with both BSA and BSA+glycators. The content of glycation products was markedly lower in aminoguanidine and NAC than in trazodone. The molecular docking of trazodone to BSA revealed its very low affinity, which may indicate non-specific binding of trazodone, facilitating the attachment of glycation factors.
CONCLUSION
According to our findings, it may be concluded that trazodone poorly counteracts oxidation and intensifies glycation in vitro. A possible mechanism for antiglycoxidative effect of trazodone in vivo may be the enhancement of the body's adaptive response, as indicated by the results of our systematic review.
Topics: Antioxidants; Trazodone; Glycosylation; Advanced Oxidation Protein Products; Molecular Docking Simulation; Glycation End Products, Advanced; Serum Albumin, Bovine; Glyoxal; Glucose
PubMed: 36988041
DOI: 10.33594/000000617 -
ANZ Journal of Surgery 2023Thiel-embalmed cadavers (TeCs) have been proposed as an alternative and probably safer method of surgical training, compared to formalin-embalmed cadavers. We aimed to... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Thiel-embalmed cadavers (TeCs) have been proposed as an alternative and probably safer method of surgical training, compared to formalin-embalmed cadavers. We aimed to perform a systematic review on the use of TeCs in urology training and their ability to represent real-life anatomy.
METHODS
PubMed, SCOPUS and Cochrane databases were searched for articles with purpose to explore the use of TeCs in urology training, without date restrictions, according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. From each paper, we evaluated the type of procedure, the number of participants, the type of study, the educational outcomes and their level, according to Kirkpatrick hierarchy.
RESULTS
Of the 225 records initially retrieved, eight articles were eventually included. All studies evaluated participants' perceptions about the procedure. Overall, urology trainees and specialists have positively commented on the educational value of TeCs, which have been also found able to adequately mimic real-life conditions. In all the eight studies, trainees stated that tissue quality of TeCs was adequately realistic and considered TeCs as a useful surgical training tool.
CONCLUSION
Although the use of TeCs in urology training has so far been limited, their value as a surgical training tool has been positively perceived. These outcomes suggest that TeCs may also enhance urology trainees' surgical skills and may encourage their implementation as a simulation tool in urology training.
Topics: Humans; Urology; Formaldehyde; Education, Medical; Cadaver; Embalming
PubMed: 36978262
DOI: 10.1111/ans.18436 -
European Journal of Neurology Jun 2023The genetics of late seizure or epilepsy secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke are poorly understood. We undertook a systematic review to test the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
The genetics of late seizure or epilepsy secondary to traumatic brain injury (TBI) or stroke are poorly understood. We undertook a systematic review to test the association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) with the risk of post-traumatic epilepsy (PTE) and post-stroke epilepsy (PSE).
METHODS
We followed methods from our prespecified protocol on PROSPERO to identify indexed articles for this systematic review. We collated the association statistics from the included articles to assess the association of SNPs with the risk of epilepsy amongst TBI or stroke patients. We assessed study quality using the Q-Genie tool. We report odds ratios (OR) and hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs).
RESULTS
The literature search yielded 420 articles. We included 16 studies in our systematic review, of which seven were of poor quality. We examined published data on 127 SNPs from 32 genes identified in PTE and PSE patients. Eleven SNPs were associated with a significantly increased risk of PTE. Three SNPs, TRMP6 rs2274924, ALDH2 rs671, and CD40 -1C/T, were significantly associated with an increased risk of PSE, while two, AT1R rs12721273 and rs55707609, were significantly associated with reduced risk. The meta-analysis for the association of the APOE ɛ4 with PTE was nonsignificant (OR 1.8, CI 0.6-5.6).
CONCLUSIONS
The current evidence on the association of genetic polymorphisms in epilepsy secondary to TBI or stroke is of low quality and lacks validation. A collaborative effort to pool genetic data linked to epileptogenesis in stroke and TBI patients is warranted.
Topics: Humans; Epilepsy, Post-Traumatic; Brain Injuries; Epilepsy; Brain Injuries, Traumatic; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Stroke; Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial
PubMed: 36912749
DOI: 10.1111/ene.15777 -
Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine 2023Inflammation and dyslipidemia underlie the pathological basis of atherosclerosis (AS). Clinical studies have confirmed that there is still residual risk of... (Review)
Review
Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 and NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 inflammasome in atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases: A systematic review of the current evidence.
Inflammation and dyslipidemia underlie the pathological basis of atherosclerosis (AS). Clinical studies have confirmed that there is still residual risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVD) even after intense reduction of LDL. Some of this residual risk can be explained by inflammation as anti-inflammatory therapy is effective in improving outcomes in subjects treated with LDL-lowering agents. NOD-like receptor thermal protein domain associated protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation is closely related to early-stage inflammation in AS. Aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH2) is an important enzyme of toxic aldehyde metabolism located in mitochondria and works in the metabolism of toxic aldehydes such as 4-HNE and MDA. Despite studies confirming that ALDH2 can negatively regulate NLRP3 inflammasome and delay the development of atherosclerosis, the mechanisms involved are still poorly understood. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is a common downstream pathway activated for NLRP3 inflammasome. ALDH2 can reduce the multiple sources of ROS, such as oxidative stress, inflammation, and mitochondrial damage, thereby reducing the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome. Further, according to the downstream of ALDH2 and the upstream of NLRP3, the molecules and related mechanisms of ALDH2 on NLRP3 inflammasome are comprehensively expounded as possible. The potential mechanism may provide potential inroads for treating ASCVD.
PubMed: 36910525
DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1062502