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Public Understanding of Science... Jun 2024Advancements in New Plant Breeding Techniques have emerged as promising tools for enhancing crop productivity, quality, and resilience in the face of global challenges,... (Review)
Review
Advancements in New Plant Breeding Techniques have emerged as promising tools for enhancing crop productivity, quality, and resilience in the face of global challenges, such as climate change and food security. However, the successful implementation of these techniques relies also on public acceptance of this innovation. Understanding what shapes public perception and acceptance of New Plant Breeding Techniques is crucial for effective science communication, policymaking, and the sustainable adoption of these innovations. The objective of this systematic review was to synthesize existing research on the public perception of New Plant Breeding Techniques applied to food crops and explore the psychosocial determinants that influence acceptance. Twenty papers published between 2015 and 2023 were included on various New Plant Breeding Techniques and their reception by the general public. Determinants affecting the acceptance of food crops derived from New Plant Breeding Techniques were categorized into six areas: sociodemographic factors, perceived benefits and risks, attitudes toward science, communication strategies, personal values, and product characteristics.
PubMed: 38863424
DOI: 10.1177/09636625241254981 -
Journal of Applied Research in... Jul 2024Providing menstrual education and guidance for menstrual management for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is recommended to ensure smooth pubertal...
BACKGROUND
Providing menstrual education and guidance for menstrual management for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is recommended to ensure smooth pubertal transitions and to support menstrual self-agency.
METHOD
The purpose of this systematic review is to explore menstrual education interventions for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities.
RESULTS
Nine studies were included. Interventions were provided in small groups (n = 4) and individually (n = 5). Most studies used dolls (n = 7) and task analysis (n = 7) to teach pad-replacement skills. All reported significant improvements in participant skills and/or knowledge following the intervention. Only one study addressed self-agency and self-esteem as an outcome of the intervention. Menstrual education for girls and young women with intellectual disabilities is largely focused on pad-replacement skills.
CONCLUSION
Further research is needed to understand the impact of menstrual health and hygiene education on variables apart from skill improvement such as self-agency and long-term health outcomes related to menstrual health.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Developmental Disabilities; Health Education; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Intellectual Disability; Menstruation; Sex Education
PubMed: 38863161
DOI: 10.1111/jar.13264 -
BMC Primary Care Jun 2024Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) are frequently prescribed. Long-term use is associated with side-effects and patients often lack a valid indication. Inappropriate PPI...
BACKGROUND
Proton Pump Inhibitors (PPI) are frequently prescribed. Long-term use is associated with side-effects and patients often lack a valid indication. Inappropriate PPI prescribing thus needs to be addressed. This review aims to scope 1) what determinants are studied as reasons for PPI prescribing, 2) what strategies are used for changing PPI (de)prescribing, and 3) whether important determinants are addressed in these interventions.
METHODS
We searched eight databases for papers on determinants of physician PPI prescribing. Studies were included if they were conducted in a Western country and focused on oral PPIs for an adult population. By following the Behaviour Change Wheel, we extracted information regarding PPI prescribing behavior, behavioral determinants and intervention strategies.
FINDINGS
We included 74 papers. Most focused on the determinants knowledge and beliefs about consequences. The latter was consistently related to PPI prescribing. Results for knowledge were mixed. Most interventions used education or enablement (e.g., algorithms, quality check improvements, involvement of pharmacists) as strategies. Enablement consistently improved PPI prescribing, while results for education were mixed.
INTERPRETATION
There is an overemphasis on reflective processes in studies on PPI prescribing. Future research should comprehensively identify behavioral determinants, focusing on reflective and impulsive processes, such that interventions can address the most important determinants.
Topics: Proton Pump Inhibitors; Humans; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; Inappropriate Prescribing; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Drug Prescriptions
PubMed: 38862886
DOI: 10.1186/s12875-024-02459-5 -
American Journal of Clinical Dermatology Jul 2024Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating skin condition that requires multimodal treatment. Adherence remains a significant challenge for many patients... (Review)
Review
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic, debilitating skin condition that requires multimodal treatment. Adherence remains a significant challenge for many patients due to complex nature of treatment, thus presenting a barrier to management success. This review summarizes the current literature on the factors associated with adherence to medications, and lifestyle behaviors in patients with HS and proposes strategies to improve adherence. In February 2023, a systematic literature search was conducted by two independent authors on PubMed and EMBASE for articles from 2000 to 2023 on hidradenitis suppurativa adherence. A total of 21 articles met inclusion/exclusion criteria for this review. Of the studies, 11 addressed systemic medication adherence, 3 addressed topical medication adherence, 2 addressed both systemic and topical medication adherence, and 5 addressed lifestyle/behavioral modification adherence. The generalizability of results was limited by differences in study design, outcome measures, and sample size. English-only articles with full texts were used. The most reported reasons for non-adherence included presence of side effects, cost of medications, low efficacy, and unclear instructions. Proposed strategies to improve adherence in HS patients include management of side effects, use of reminder systems, improved patient education, patient support groups, aid of family and caregivers, personalization of the medication regimen, and regular follow-ups with patients. PROSPERO Registration Number: CRD42023488549.
Topics: Hidradenitis Suppurativa; Humans; Medication Adherence; Patient Education as Topic; Life Style; Reminder Systems
PubMed: 38861156
DOI: 10.1007/s40257-024-00871-2 -
Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics Jul 2024This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the characteristics, types, and impact of interventions to improve adherence to attention-deficit hyperactivity... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review and meta-analysis assessed the characteristics, types, and impact of interventions to improve adherence to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) medications within the context of the three phases of adherence, namely, initiation, implementation, and discontinuation.
METHODS
PubMed, Psychological Information Database, Embase, International Pharmaceutical Abstracts, and Google Scholar were systematically searched for relevant trials using appropriate search terms. Interventions were classified as educational, behavioural, affective, and multifaceted. Data was pooled using odds ratios and proportions.
RESULTS
Seventeen studies were included in this review. In a pooled analysis of four RCTs, interventions did not significantly improve medication adherence (OR = 2.32; 95%-Confidence Interval=CI = 0.91-5.90; = 0.08). In seven non-randomized trials, a pooled proportion of people who adhered to ADHD medication was considerably higher in the intervention group (85%, 95%CI = 78%-91%) than in the control group (47%, 95%CI = 33%-61%). Interventions varied in terms of study design, methods and their impact on different phases of adherence.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite some promising results, the lack of consideration of phase-specific adherence factors may limit the effectiveness and sustainability of interventions to improve adherence in clinical practice. Future interventions should be phase-specific, guided by factors which are pertinent to each phase. Meanwhile, clinicians should choose or tailor interventions based on individual needs and preferences.
Topics: Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Humans; Medication Adherence; Central Nervous System Stimulants
PubMed: 38860467
DOI: 10.1080/14737175.2024.2360118 -
BMJ Open Jun 2024Digital transformation in healthcare is a necessity considering the steady increase in healthcare costs, the growing ageing population and rising number of people living...
Implementation barriers and facilitators of remote monitoring, remote consultation and digital care platforms through the eyes of healthcare professionals: a review of reviews.
OBJECTIVES
Digital transformation in healthcare is a necessity considering the steady increase in healthcare costs, the growing ageing population and rising number of people living with chronic diseases. The implementation of digital health technologies in patient care is a potential solution to these issues, however, some challenges remain. In order to navigate such complexities, the perceptions of healthcare professionals (HCPs) must be considered. The objective of this umbrella review is to identify key barriers and facilitators involved in digital health technology implementation, from the perspective of HCPs.
DESIGN
Systematic umbrella review following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement.
DATA SOURCES
Embase.com, PubMed and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for existing reviews dated up to 17 June 2022. Search terms included digital health technology, combined with terms related to implementation, and variations in terms encompassing HCP, such as physician, doctor and the medical discipline.
ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA
Quantitative and qualitative reviews evaluating digital technologies that included patient interaction were considered eligible. Three reviewers independently synthesised and assessed eligible reviews and conducted a critical appraisal.
DATA EXTRACTION AND SYNTHESIS
Regarding the data collection, two reviewers independently synthesised and interpreted data on barriers and facilitators.
RESULTS
Thirty-three reviews met the inclusion criteria. Barriers and facilitators were categorised into four levels: (1) the organisation, (2) the HCP, (3) the patient and (4) technical aspects. The main barriers and facilitators identified were (lack of) training (n=22/33), (un)familiarity with technology (n=17/33), (loss of) communication (n=13/33) and security and confidentiality issues (n=17/33). Barriers of key importance included increased workload (n=16/33), the technology undermining aspects of professional identity (n=11/33), HCP uncertainty about patients' aptitude with the technology (n=9/33), and technical issues (n=12/33).
CONCLUSIONS
The implementation strategy should address the key barriers highlighted by HCPs, for instance, by providing adequate training to familiarise HCPs with the technology, adapting the technology to the patient preferences and addressing technical issues. Barriers on both HCP and patient levels can be overcome by investigating the needs of the end-users. As we shift from traditional face-to-face care models towards new modes of care delivery, further research is needed to better understand the role of digital technology in the HCP-patient relationship.
Topics: Humans; Telemedicine; Remote Consultation; Health Personnel; Attitude of Health Personnel; Digital Technology
PubMed: 38858155
DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2023-075833 -
PloS One 2024This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of post-abortion care services in Chinese women who have undergone induced abortion. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of post-abortion care services in Chinese women who have undergone induced abortion.
METHODS
A systematic literature search was conducted in five databases from January 2011 to June 2023 (PROSPERO registration CRD42023440458). Estimates of intervention effects were represented as relative risk (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). The Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) was used to evaluate the strength of recommendations.
RESULTS
The meta-analysis of 42 randomized controlled studies involving 70,126 participants indicated that post-abortion care services could significantly increase rate of effective contraceptive use (RR = 2.33, 95%CI = 1.80-3.00, 10 studies, GRADE (Medium)), reduce repeat abortion rate (RR = 0.26, 95%CI = 0.20-0.36, 19 studies, GRADE (High)), increase follow-up visit rate (RR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.06-1.75, 5 studies, GRADE (Very low)) in one year after abortions, and improve patient satisfaction rate (RR = 1.37, 95%CI = 1.03-1.83, 9 studies, GRADE (High)).
CONCLUSION
Post-abortion care services could help increase the rate of continuation of post-abortion effective contraceptives, prevent repeat abortions, and promote female fertility. Exploring strategies for better provision of post-abortion services requires more high-quality research.
Topics: Humans; Female; Abortion, Induced; China; Pregnancy; Fertility; Patient Satisfaction
PubMed: 38857218
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0304221 -
Journal of Religion and Health Jun 2024Previous literature has evidenced a possible impact on health, mental health, and health-related faith behaviors due to the effects of an individual's spiritual...
Previous literature has evidenced a possible impact on health, mental health, and health-related faith behaviors due to the effects of an individual's spiritual dimension. The aim of this study is to collect and summarize all current data from observational studies regarding the association between religiosity or spirituality (R/S) and cocaine use (CU). A systematic literature search of analytical observational studies on the association between religiosity or spirituality and the use of cocaine was performed in PubMed and Scopus databases. Twenty observational studies were included in this review. Fifteen of the twenty observational studies found that a higher level of religiosity was associated with lower lifetime and actual cocaine use, both in adults and adolescents. However, one study conducted in a sexual minorities sample found that higher religiosity-measured as frequency of private religious activities such as prayer-was associated with a higher probability of cocaine use. Two studies found no evidence of any association between religiosity and cocaine use, and two found mixed results. This review found a possible protective role of religiosity on cocaine use, even if the cross-sectional nature of the greater part of the studies prevented drawing any casual relation. Future studies with a longitudinal approach are required. However, the support of activities aimed at broadening a religious attitude and beliefs could result in creating an environment protective for young people against cocaine use.
PubMed: 38856812
DOI: 10.1007/s10943-024-02069-6 -
Autism : the International Journal of... Jun 2024In 2010, Saudi Arabia became the first country from the Gulf Cooperation Council states to join the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, which collaborates with... (Review)
Review
In 2010, Saudi Arabia became the first country from the Gulf Cooperation Council states to join the World Mental Health Survey Initiative, which collaborates with Harvard University and has undertaken over 33 countries. The Saudi National Mental Health Survey revealed that 80% of Saudis with severe mental health disorders do not seek treatment. Considering the strong evidence set out in Saudi national study and the recommendations for future research, this systematic literature review was initiated to examine the most studied neurodevelopmental disorders reported in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to explore public knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. Findings have shown that attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder have been the most studied neurodevelopmental disorders in Saudi Arabia since 2010. However, various groups in Saudi society, including healthcare professionals, medical students, and the general public, lacked knowledge about these health conditions, often leading to stigmatized attitudes and behaviors toward people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder. However, demographic data showed that most of the studies were carried out in the Central and Western provinces. More research is needed in all regions of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia to contribute to the knowledge about mental health conditions of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and autism spectrum disorder children and their parents to increase knowledge about neurodevelopmental disorders and mental health disorders in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, thereby enabling people to rethink their attitudes and behavior.
PubMed: 38853384
DOI: 10.1177/13623613241258544 -
BMC Women's Health Jun 2024Although women face a wide range of contraceptive options, globally, young women are at risk of unintended pregnancies. Our umbrella review aimed to determine the... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Although women face a wide range of contraceptive options, globally, young women are at risk of unintended pregnancies. Our umbrella review aimed to determine the decisional needs of nulligravida women aged 11 to 30 considering contraceptive options and identify effective interventions to support their involvement in making decisions about contraceptive use.
METHODS
We followed Joanna Briggs Institute methods for umbrella reviews, theoretically guided by the Ottawa Decision Support Framework. We searched six electronic databases. Two reviewers independently screened citations, extracted data, and appraised quality using AMSTAR2. We analysed findings descriptively.
RESULTS
Of 124 citations, we identified 11 reviews of variable quality (critically low to moderate quality): Six reported decisional needs and 5 reported on interventions. Decisional needs of young women were: (a) information needs about contraceptive options (e.g., mechanism of actions, eligibility, administration, side effects); (b) unclear values (concerns about hormone use) and features of different options (based on their religious values); and (c) need for support and resources (support from society and need for privacy). Compared to controls, decision support interventions including patient decision aids and patient education material increased knowledge and improved discussion of options with their clinicians.
CONCLUSION
Young women making contraceptive decisions experience unmet decisional needs. Effective interventions such as patient decision aids and general patient education materials may address their decisional needs and enhance their level of participation in making contraception decisions. Implications and contribution to the field: Young women's decisional needs when considering contraceptive use are informational needs, unclear values (including religious influences), need for support and resources when facing this decision. Interventions, such as patient decision aid and patient education material can, address decisional needs by improving young women's knowledge about contraceptive options.
Topics: Humans; Female; Decision Making; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Contraception; Contraception Behavior; Child; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Decision Support Techniques
PubMed: 38851748
DOI: 10.1186/s12905-024-03172-2