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Journal of Clinical and Experimental... Nov 2023The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The indicated treatment in cases of apical periodontitis (AP), a disease very prevalent in diabetic patients, is root canal treatment (RCT). This study aims to conduct a systematic review with meta-analysis to answer the following PICO question: In adult patients, does the absence or presence of diabetes affect the prevalence of root filled teeth (RFT)"?
MATERIAL AND METHODS
PRISMA Guidelines have been followed to carry out this systematic review. A literature search was undertaken in PubMed-MEDLINE, Embase and Scielo. All studies reporting the prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients and control subjects using radiographic examination were included. Study characteristics and risk ratios with 95% CIs were extracted. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed.
RESULTS
Five studies fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Prevalence of RFT were estimated with 701 people and 15,882 teeth. Among diabetic patients, 6.1% of teeth had undergone RCT, while in controls this percentage was 3% (OR = 1.7; 95% CI = 1.0 - 2.9; p = 0.065). Among diabetic patients, 65% had at least one RFT, while in controls this percentage dropped to 55% (OR = 1.4; 95% CI = 0.5 - 3.7; > 0.05). The certainty of evidence was low.
CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients is almost double that in the control population, however this result is only marginally significant. Dentists must take into account the high prevalence of RFT in diabetic patients, investigating the presence of diabetes in those patients in whom a high frequency of RCT is observed. Diabetes, endodontics, epidemiology, root canal treatment, root filled teeth, prevalence, survey, population-based study.
PubMed: 38074167
DOI: 10.4317/jced.61011 -
Knowledge and Attitude of Dentists Toward Geriatric Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Cureus Nov 2023The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and... (Review)
Review
The knowledge and attitude of dentists toward geriatric patients are crucial for providing optimal oral healthcare to this growing population. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to examine the association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. A comprehensive search was conducted across multiple databases to identify relevant epidemiological and cross-sectional studies. The selected studies underwent a rigorous screening process, and data extraction was performed systematically. The Assessment of the Methodological Quality of Systematic Reviews tool was used to assess the risk of bias in the included studies. Three studies were ultimately selected for further analysis. For dental professionals with less than five years of experience, no significant association was found between knowledge scores and experience (odds ratio (OR) = 1.00, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.71 to 1.41). However, dental professionals with 5 to 10 years, greater than 10 years, and greater than 15 years of experience showed a statistically significant association between knowledge scores and experience (OR = 0.61, 95% CI = 0.48 to 0.77; OR = 0.69, 95% CI = 0.54 to 0.89; OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.44 to 0.79, respectively). The overall analysis indicated a significantly positive association between knowledge scores and experience among dental professionals (OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.59 to 0.78). The findings provide evidence of a positive association between dental professionals' experience and their knowledge and attitude scores toward geriatric patients. The findings highlight the importance of experience in enhancing dental professionals' understanding and approach to geriatric dental care. These results have implications for improving dental education, training, and policy development to better address the oral health needs of older adults.
PubMed: 38060704
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.48339 -
Sao Paulo Medical Journal = Revista... 2023Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas.
BACKGROUND
Specific types of violence such as intimate partner sexual violence and intimate partner homicide occur more frequently in rural areas.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to systematically review the literature on the knowledge and attitudes of rural healthcare providers regarding cases of domestic violence against women.
DESIGN AND SETTING
Systematic review developed at Universidade Federal de Uberlândia.
METHODS
We conducted an electronic search of six databases, which only included observational studies, regardless of the year, language, or country of publication, except for studies that used secondary data and were exclusively qualitative. Two reviewers performed the selection, data extraction, and risk of bias assessment using a specific Joanna Briggs Institute tool.
RESULTS
Six studies met the inclusion criteria. All the studies had a low risk of bias. Approximately 38% of these professionals identified injuries caused by violence in patients. When asked about knowing the correct attitude to take in cases of confirmed violence, between 12% and 64% of rural healthcare providers answered positively; most of them would refer to specialized institutions and promote victim empowerment and counseling. The number of professionals with an educational background in the field ranged from 16% to 98%.
CONCLUSIONS
The evident disparity across studies shows that some professionals have suboptimal knowledge and require training to adopt the correct attitude when identifying female victims of domestic violence in clinical practice.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
This systematic review was registered in the Open Science Framework Database under the registration http://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/B7Q6S.
Topics: Humans; Female; Domestic Violence; Health Personnel; Sexual Behavior
PubMed: 38055422
DOI: 10.1590/1516-3180.2022.0682.R1.180723 -
BMC Pediatrics Dec 2023Children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was frequently experienced dental anxiety and uncooperative behaviors during dental treatment. Oral health care was...
BACKGROUND
Children with Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) was frequently experienced dental anxiety and uncooperative behaviors during dental treatment. Oral health care was necessary because of the poor oral hygiene and prevalent dental diseases in this population.
AIM
In this systematic review, we evaluated the effectiveness and feasibility for pediatric dentist to manage the dental anxiety in children with ASD.
DESIGN
PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library were systematically performed on the literature search. The date of eligible publications was from inception to January 2023. After that, the quality of eligible studies was assessed by the Newcastle Ottawa Scale (NOS). Review findings were summarized using the PRISMA Statement for reporting.
RESULTS
A total of six studies were systematically evaluated according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Five studies were conducted to evaluate ASD Children's anxiety and uncooperative performance in the progressive oral examination, oral disease prophylaxis and fluoride application. The other one study evaluated the success rate of treatment in decayed permanent tooth treatment. In the included studies, four studies indicated that it was extremely necessary to reduce dental anxiety of ASD children to increase the cooperation in sensory-adapted dental environment (SADE).
CONCLUSION
It is not always effective and feasible for pediatric dentist to manage the dental anxiety in children with autism during routine oral examination. Meanwhile, it is necessary for ASD children to conduct preoperative psychological assessment, to investigate parents' expectations and cooperation, and to determine whether to start corresponding dental treatment.
Topics: Humans; Child; Autism Spectrum Disorder; Dental Anxiety; Oral Health; Delivery of Health Care; Autistic Disorder
PubMed: 38049774
DOI: 10.1186/s12887-023-04439-7 -
The Saudi Dental Journal Nov 2023This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of tumor necrotic factor alpha inhibitors in suppressing bone resorption in periodontitis, and its potential to... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aims to investigate the impact of tumor necrotic factor alpha inhibitors in suppressing bone resorption in periodontitis, and its potential to cause osteonecrosis. Extensive electronic research was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines, which connected various aspects of anti-TNF-a (anti-tumor necrosis factor-a) to periodontitis and osteonecrosis patients.
BACKGROUND
TNF-a inhibitors are broadly indicated in the treatment of autoimmune patients with possible joint resorption and increased inflammatory processes such as rheumatoid arthritis and inflammatory bowel disease, where they reduce bone loss and certain mediators. As rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis share many characteristics, these medications may also be helpful in the treatment of coexisting periodontitis. However, besides medical benefits, anti-TNF-a also exhibits several adverse effects, ranging from dizziness to tuberculosis. Osteonecrosis is considered a recent adverse impact.
METHODS
An extensive electronic systematic review following the PRISMA guidelines was performed for English-language papers using the following databases as sources of information: PubMed, Medline, Embase, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials (CENTRAL), Library Genesis, Worldwide Science, National Rheumatoid Arthritis Society (NRAS), and other related articles. This systematic review is registered on the PROSPERO platform under registration number CRD42022341753.
RESULTS
Twenty articles were identified after the exclusion criteria were applied. These include systematic reviews, case reports, retrospective cohort studies, case report series, -analyses, clinical trials, randomised clinical trials, cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses, longitudinal observational studies, and prospective clinical trials. All these were included in the quantitative and qualitative analyses.
CONCLUSIONS
Anti-TNF-a drugs show promising results in treating patients with rheumatoid arthritis and periodontitis but could be considered a risk factor for osteonecrosis. Hence, patients receiving such medications should be closely monitored by the dentist and physician before, during, and after administration.
PubMed: 38025596
DOI: 10.1016/j.sdentj.2023.07.006 -
Journal of Dentistry Mar 2024This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to establish a clinically relevant hierarchy of the different adhesive and/or restorative approaches to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
This systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) aimed to establish a clinically relevant hierarchy of the different adhesive and/or restorative approaches to restore cavitated root caries lesions through the synthesis of available evidence.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A systematic search was conducted in Medline/Web of Science/Embase/ Cochrane Library/Scopus/grey literature. RCTs investigating ≥2 restorative strategies (restorative /adhesive materials) for root caries lesions in adult patients were included. Risk of bias within studies was assessed (Cochrane_RoB-2) and the primary outcome was survival rate of restorations at different follow-up times (6-/12-/24-months). Network meta-analyses were conducted using a random effects model stratified by follow-up times. I-statistics assessed the ratio of true to total variance in the observed effects. All available combinations of adhesives (1-SE: one-step self-etch; 2-3ER: two-/three-step etch-and-rinse) and restorative materials (conventional composite (CC) as well as conventional and resin-modified glass ionomer cements (GIC, RMGIC)) were included. Risk of bias across studies and confidence in NMA (CINeMA) were assessed.
RESULTS
547 studies were identified and nine were eligible for the NMA. In total, 1263 root caries lesions have been restored in 473 patients in the included clinical trials. Patients involved were either healthy (n = 6 trials), living in nursing homes (n = 1 trial) or received head-and-neck radiotherapy (n = 2 trials). There was statistically weak evidence to favour either of material/material combination regarding the survival rate. A tendency for higher survival rate (24-months) was observed for 2-3ER/CC (OR 2.65; CI=1.45/4.84) as well as RMGIC (OR 2.05; CI=1.17/3.61) compared to GIC. These findings were though not statistically significant and confidence of the NMA was low.
CONCLUSION
An evidence-based choice of restorative strategy for managing cavitated root caries lesions is currently impossible. There is a clear need for more standardised, well-designed RCTs evaluating the retention rate of root caries restoration approaches.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Root Caries; Dental Cements; Network Meta-Analysis; Dental Restoration, Permanent; Dental Materials; Dental Caries; Glass Ionomer Cements; Composite Resins
PubMed: 37977410
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104776 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health Dec 2023Antibiotics are gradually becoming less effective against bacteria worldwide, and this issue is of particular concern in economically-developing nations like Pakistan....
Antibiotics are gradually becoming less effective against bacteria worldwide, and this issue is of particular concern in economically-developing nations like Pakistan. We undertook a scoping review in order to review the literature on antimicrobial use, prescribing, dispensing and the challenges associated with antimicrobial resistance in primary care (PC) settings in Pakistan. Furthermore, this review aims to identify potential solutions to promote appropriate use of antimicrobials in Pakistan. Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) checklist, a comprehensive scoping review was conducted to review the literature of antimicrobials used, prescribed and dispensed in PC settings in Pakistan. Google Scholar and Pub-Med were searched for the period 2000-2023. Papers were analyzed on the basis of eligibility i.e., included antimicrobial use, prescribing and dispensing practices by general population at homes, by prescribers in outpatient departments of hospitals and by pharmacists/dispensers in community pharmacies, respectively. Two researchers analyzed the articles thoroughly and disagreements were resolved through discussion with a third reviewer. Both quantitative and qualitative research studies were eligible for inclusion. Additionally, the selected papers were grouped into different themes. We identified 4070 papers out of which 46 studies satisfied our eligibility criteria. The findings revealed limited understanding of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) by physicians and community pharmacists along with inappropriate practices in prescribing and dispensing antibiotics. Moreover, a notable prevalence of self-medication with antibiotics was observed among the general population, underscoring a lack of awareness and knowledge concerning proper antibiotic usage. Given the clinical and public health implications of AMR, Pakistan must prioritize its policies in PC settings. Healthcare professionals (HCPs) need to reduce inappropriate antibiotic prescribing and dispensing, improve their understanding of the AWaRe (access, watch and reserve antibiotics) classification and guidance, monitor current usage and resistance trends, as well as implement antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) activities starting in targeted locations.
Topics: Humans; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Pakistan; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Anti-Infective Agents; Primary Health Care
PubMed: 37973496
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2023.10.046 -
Special Care in Dentistry : Official... 2024Individuals with visual impairment (VI) are doubly disadvantaged by their lack of vision and poor oral hygiene (OH). Implementing oral health education (OHE)... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Individuals with visual impairment (VI) are doubly disadvantaged by their lack of vision and poor oral hygiene (OH). Implementing oral health education (OHE) interventions should be set as goals to improve OH status and prevent oral diseases. However, few studies have examined the specific teaching method of OH skills. This study aimed to identify the most influential OHE interventions enabling individuals with VI worldwide, especially those in countries where VI is most frequent, to maintain OH and improve knowledge and practices.
METHODS
An extensive literature review was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis method. This study systematically searched electronic databases (PubMed via Medline, Cochrane, Embase, and Google Scholar) using expert-validated keywords, complemented by manual searches, to identify relevant articles published between April 1, 2012, and September 30, 2022.
RESULT
PICOS criteria were formulated for study inclusion. The bibliographical search identified 1485 articles, which were subsequently filtered. Two researchers separately screened the articles for eligibility and to reduce the risk of bias in the included studies. Finally, the most pertinent 21 articles were scrutinized for data synthesis.
CONCLUSION
Most studies identified combination methods, including customized educational demonstrations, as the best at improving OH status, knowledge, and practices. However, long-term, rigorously designed, and effective patient-centered communication trials, including those on innovative methods, are still needed for individuals with VI.
Topics: Humans; Health Education, Dental; Oral Hygiene; Vision Disorders; Dental Care for Disabled; Oral Health
PubMed: 37964052
DOI: 10.1111/scd.12940 -
Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) Nov 2023This study systematically reviews the literature to evaluate the potential relationships between oral/perioral piercing and consequent oral complications in the... (Review)
Review
Oral Complications Associated with the Piercing of Oral and Perioral Tissues and the Corresponding Degree of Awareness among Public and Professionals: A Systematic Review.
This study systematically reviews the literature to evaluate the potential relationships between oral/perioral piercing and consequent oral complications in the corresponding society. The second objective was determining public/professional sectors' awareness of the subject. This research followed PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines for conducting systematic reviews and searching scientific databases, including PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google Scholar, until April 2023. Cross-sectional, cohort, and case-control studies in English were deemed eligible. The methodological quality of the included studies was assessed using proper quality assessment guidelines. Of the 965 initial articles retrieved, 34 were considered suitable for qualitative synthesis after screening procedures and removing duplicates and irrelevant records. There appears to be an imbalance between the general public's low and dentists' high awareness. This draws attention to the shortage of professional and societal knowledge-sharing and education initiatives. Women were more than twice as likely as men to have oral piercings. Piercing usage had a low incidence among a cohort of students with a mean age of 16. Merely circumstantial evidence has indicated a plausible correlation between oral and perioral piercings and the emergence of secondary bacterial and fungal colonization, particularly periodontopathogenic bacteria and Candida albicans. Furthermore, several adverse consequences have been observed linked to various piercings-such as lip and tongue piercings. These include caries, gingivitis/periodontitis, dental fractures, enamel chipping/cracks, plaque buildup, bone loss, bleeding, inflammation, and swelling. Given the risks involved and the complications that might impair oral health, the prevalence of oral piercings is alarming. As a result, public health authorities need to firmly support initiatives to raise awareness of the risks associated with oral/perioral piercings. For piercers to enhance their expertise in this field, professional training is necessary because there is a shortage of knowledge on the possible adverse effects of piercings.
PubMed: 37958268
DOI: 10.3390/diagnostics13213371 -
The Journal of Prosthetic Dentistry Nov 2023Golden proportion, golden percentage, and recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion are parameters used in esthetic dentistry. However, a meta-analysis of studies... (Review)
Review
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM
Golden proportion, golden percentage, and recurring esthetic dental (RED) proportion are parameters used in esthetic dentistry. However, a meta-analysis of studies evaluating these parameters in individuals from different countries is lacking.
PURPOSE
The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to determine and compare the golden ratio, golden percentage, and RED ratio values as seen in the maxillary anterior teeth of individuals from different countries.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic search was performed using PubMed/Medline, Google Scholar, and Web of Science to identify English and non-English language articles reporting the golden proportion, golden percentage, and RED proportion. The titles, full text, and abstracts were scanned by 2 investigators independently to identify articles that fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Using a meta-analysis software program, data extracted from each selected study were statistically combined using the random-effects model. Weighted mean differences, 95% confidence intervals, and heterogeneity were calculated for each measurement.
RESULTS
The search protocol resulted in a total of 752 articles, but only 26 articles fulfilling the inclusion criteria were included in the meta-analysis. While the sample size varied between 46 and 384 in the 26 analyzed studies, a total of 3786 individuals from 12 countries were evaluated. No similarity was found using the esthetic parameters determined in the populations to which the meta-analysis was applied.
CONCLUSIONS
Mathematical formulas did not provide consistent results that would allow for their use as a standardized guide for creating natural looking smiles. Rather, dental esthetic ratios should be set based on the racial and ethnic character of a population.
PubMed: 37932181
DOI: 10.1016/j.prosdent.2023.09.032