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Frontiers in Physiology 2023Cold water immersion (CWI) is very popular as a method reducing post-exercise muscle stiffness, eliminating fatigue, decreasing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD),...
Cold water immersion (CWI) is very popular as a method reducing post-exercise muscle stiffness, eliminating fatigue, decreasing exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD), and recovering sports performance. However, there are conflicting opinions as to whether CWI functions positively or negatively. The mechanisms of CWI are still not clear. In this systematic review, we used meta-analysis aims to examine the effect of CWI on fatigue recovery after high-intensity exercise and exercise performance. A total of 20 studies were retrieved and included from PubMed, PEDro and Elsevier databases in this review. Publication years of articles ranged from 2002 to 2022. In selected studies including randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and Crossover design (COD). Analyses of subjective indicators such as delayed-onset muscle soreness (DOMS) and ratings of perceived exertion (RPE), and objective indicators such as countermovement jump (CMJ) and blood plasma markers including creatine kinase(CK), lactate/lactate dehydrogenase(LDH), C-reactive protein(CRP), and IL-6 were performed. Pooled data showed as follows: CWI resulted in a significant decline in subjective characteristics (delayed-onset muscle soreness and perceived exertion at 0 h); CWI reduced countermovement jump(CMJ) significantly at 0 h, creatine kinase(CK) was lowered at 24 h, and lactate at 24 and 48 h. There was no evidence that CWI affects C-reactive protein(CRP) and IL-6 during a 48-h recovery period. Subgroup analysis revealed that different CWI sites and water temperatures have no effect on post-exercise fatigue recovery. Recommended athletes immersed in cold water immediately after exercise, which can effectively reduce muscle soreness and accelerate fatigue recovery.
PubMed: 36744038
DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1006512 -
Reviews in Medical Virology Mar 2023Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may inflict a post-viral condition known as post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) or long-COVID. Studies measuring levels of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 may inflict a post-viral condition known as post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS) or long-COVID. Studies measuring levels of inflammatory and vascular biomarkers in blood, serum, or plasma of COVID-19 survivors with PCS versus non-PCS controls have produced mixed findings. Our review sought to meta-analyse those studies. A systematic literature search was performed across five databases until 25 June 2022, with an updated search on 1 November 2022. Data analyses were performed with Review Manager and R Studio statistical software. Twenty-four biomarkers from 23 studies were meta-analysed. Higher levels of C-reactive protein (Standardized mean difference (SMD) = 0.20; 95% CI: 0.02-0.39), D-dimer (SMD = 0.27; 95% CI: 0.09-0.46), lactate dehydrogenase (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.05-0.54), and leukocytes (SMD = 0.34; 95% CI: 0.02-0.66) were found in COVID-19 survivors with PCS than in those without PCS. After sensitivity analyses, lymphocytes (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.48) and interleukin-6 (SMD = 0.30; 95% CI: 0.12-0.49) were also significantly higher in PCS than non-PCS cases. No significant differences were noted in the remaining biomarkers investigated (e.g., ferritin, platelets, troponin, and fibrinogen). Subgroup analyses suggested the biomarker changes were mainly driven by PCS cases diagnosed via manifestation of organ abnormalities rather than symptomatic persistence, as well as PCS cases with duration of <6 than ≥6 months. In conclusion, our review pinpointed certain inflammatory and vascular biomarkers associated with PCS, which may shed light on potential new approaches to understanding, diagnosing, and treating PCS.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; Post-Acute COVID-19 Syndrome; Biomarkers; SARS-CoV-2; C-Reactive Protein
PubMed: 36708022
DOI: 10.1002/rmv.2424 -
Journal of Biochemical and Molecular... Mar 2023Inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been long considered as the main diagnostic method of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides poisoning; however,... (Review)
Review
Inhibition of cholinesterase (ChE) activity has been long considered as the main diagnostic method of organophosphate (OP) and carbamate pesticides poisoning; however, it has been shown that ChE activity may also be altered due to exposure to other non-organophosphorus toxicants and variety of different medical conditions. Hence, to avoid misdiagnosis, we aimed to systematically review available documents to look for additional biomarkers of OP and carbamate poisoning. The electronic databases in addition to Google scholar were searched for eligible articles on March 2022 using "organophosphate," "carbamate," and "biomarker" including all their similar terms. After collecting the relevant documents, the data were extracted and described qualitatively. In total, data of 66 articles from 51 human and 15 animal studies were extracted. Findings demonstrated that enzymes such as β-glucuronidase, neuropathy target esterase, amylase, and lipase, in addition to hematological indicators such as CBC, CRP, lactate dehydrogenase, and CPK have high sensitivity and accuracy in the diagnosis of OP poisoning. Findings suggest that using various markers for diagnosis of OP intoxication is helpful for appropriate management, and early identifying the patients at risk of death. The suggested biomarkers also help to avoid misdiagnosis of OP poisoning with other similar conditions.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Pesticides; Organophosphates; Organophosphate Poisoning; Carbamates; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36524544
DOI: 10.1002/jbt.23285 -
Cirugia Y Cirujanos 2022The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences between the presentation patterns of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) associated to COVID-19.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to determine if there are differences between the presentation patterns of hemorrhagic stroke (HS) associated to COVID-19.
METHODS
It was performed a systematic search based on PRISMA guidelines of the cases reported in PUBMED of HS associated to SARS-CoV-2 infection and we added to this sample cases from our own hospital cohort. Patients in the database were separated by groups according to presentation symptoms: if they debuted with neurological symptoms or debuted with pulmonary symptoms.
RESULTS
Seventy cases were included in the study. Patients that debuted with pulmonary symptoms accounted for 68.6% of the cases with an interval between the development of symptoms and the presentation of HS of 15.6 days. We found that the use of anticoagulants during hospitalization, multifocal image pattern, and the elevation of D-dimer, Ferritin, and lactate dehydrogenase levels were significantly associated with the group of pulmonary presentation, whereas the presence of hypertension during hospitalization, and a lower hemoglobin level was associated with the group of neurologic symptoms.
CONCLUSION
Although HS associated with COVID-19 is a clinical entity with increasing evidence, it is necessary to establish that there are two forms of presentation with their own characteristics.
Topics: Humans; Cerebral Hemorrhage; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2
PubMed: 36472834
DOI: 10.24875/CIRU.21000813 -
The Journal of Rheumatology Mar 2023Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) can range from rapidly progressive disease with high mortality to indolent disease with... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
Idiopathic inflammatory myopathy (IIM)-associated interstitial lung disease (ILD) can range from rapidly progressive disease with high mortality to indolent disease with minimal morbidity. This systematic review and metaanalysis describe immunological, clinical, and radiographical predictors of mortality in IIM-ILD.
METHODS
MEDLINE and Embase database searches were completed on October 18, 2021, to identify articles providing survival data according to baseline characteristics in patients with concurrent IIM and ILD. Prognostic factors common to more than 5 papers were included in the metaanalysis using a random-effects model to report odds ratios (ORs) for binary variables and Hedges for continuous variables. Risk of bias was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale score and the Egger test for publication bias.
RESULTS
From 4433 articles, 62 papers were suitable for inclusion; among these studies, 38 different variables were considered. The OR for risk of death regarding the presence of anti-melanoma differentiation-associated protein 5 (MDA5) antibodies was 6.20 (95% CI 3.58-10.71), and anti-tRNA synthetase antibodies were found to be protective (OR 0.24, 95% CI 0.14-0.41). Neither antinuclear antibodies, anti-52-kDa Ro antigen antibodies, nor SSA significantly altered mortality, nor was MDA5 titer predictive. Examples of prognostic factors that are significantly associated with mortality in this study include the following: age; male sex; acute/subacute onset; clinically amyopathic dermatomyositis; dyspnea; ulceration; fever; raised C-reactive protein, ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase, alveolar to arterial O (A-aO) gradient, ground-glass opacity on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT), and overall HRCT score; and reduced albumin, lymphocytes, ratio of partial pressure of oxygen in the arterial blood to fraction of inspired oxygen (PF ratio), percentage predicted transfer factor for carbon monoxide, and percentage predicted forced vital capacity. Baseline surfactant protein-D and Krebs von den Lungen-6 levels were not predictors of mortality.
CONCLUSION
Many mortality risk factors were identified, though heterogeneity was high, with a low quality of evidence and a risk of publication bias. Studies regarding anti-MDA5 antibody-positive disease and and those from East Asia predominate, which could mask risk factors relevant to other IIM subgroups or populations.
Topics: Humans; Male; Autoantibodies; Dermatomyositis; Disease Progression; Lung Diseases, Interstitial; Myositis; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Female
PubMed: 36379584
DOI: 10.3899/jrheum.220383 -
Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) Oct 2022Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO), one of the major complications of respiratory tract infection, is commonly underdiagnosed. To identify the risk groups... (Review)
Review
Post-infectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO), one of the major complications of respiratory tract infection, is commonly underdiagnosed. To identify the risk groups that may develop PIBO and avoid misdiagnoses, we investigated the risk factors associated with the development of PIBO. We searched PubMed, Embase, and MEDLINE databases for studies that included risk factors for the development of PIBO published from inception to 13 June 2022. We limited our search to studies that reported the estimates of odds ratio (OR), hazard ratio (HR), or relative risks for developing PIBO. A fixed-effect and a random-effect model were used. We included seven studies reporting data on the risk factors for PIBO in 344 children with PIBO and 1310 control children. Twenty-two variables, including sex, age, respiratory pathogens, symptoms, laboratory and radiologic findings, and mechanical ventilation, were mentioned in at least one study. The significant risk factors mentioned in two or more studies included elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels, pleural effusion, hypoxemia, sex, and mechanical ventilation. The significance of the duration of hospitalization and fever as risk factors for PIBO differed when the studies were classified according to the statistical method. In addition, the risk factors differed according to respiratory infection pathogens. This meta-analysis identified potential risk factors associated with the development of PIBO. The results of this study highlight the importance of avoiding misdiagnosis and help establish management strategies for patients at a high risk of developing PIBO.
PubMed: 36365019
DOI: 10.3390/pathogens11111268 -
International Journal of Environmental... Nov 2022Saliva is a useful biomarker for diagnosing oral health conditions, including periodontal disease (PD). Smoking is a risk factor for PD. The aim of this systematic... (Review)
Review
Saliva is a useful biomarker for diagnosing oral health conditions, including periodontal disease (PD). Smoking is a risk factor for PD. The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the salivary biomarkers associated with PD based on smoking status. A comprehensive search of the MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE, Cochrane, SCOPUS, and Web of Sciences databases was conducted up to 1 January 2021 using key terms relevant to the topic of our research and Cochrane methodology and improved with searching a gray literature resource. The methodological quality of all included studies was assessed with the revised Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. Seven studies were included. Smokers had increased levels of malondialdehyde, sialic acid, salivary cortisol, salivary interleukin 1β, albumin, tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase (TIMP), and the pyridinoline cross-linked carboxyterminal telopeptide of type I collagen (ICTP), as well as decreased levels of superoxide dismutase, activity of lactate dehydrogenase, activity of enzyme activity of β-glucuronidase, uric acid, matrix metalloproteinase-8 (MMP-8)/TIMP-1 ratio, and combinations of MMP-8 and ICTP. However, mixed results were observed some studies in detecting glutathione peroxidase, MMP-8, and MMP-14. The results were interpreted with caution because of limitations in the number of included studies and the study design. Some salivary biomarkers are potentially useful in combination or alone for diagnosing PD. Methodological and systematic studies are needed to develop more effective biomarkers.
Topics: Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; Periodontal Diseases; Saliva; Biomarkers; Smoking
PubMed: 36361498
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114619 -
Frontiers in Pharmacology 2022This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin in myocardial infarction rodent models. A systematic retrieval of relevant studies on curcumin...
This study aimed to evaluate the intervention effect of curcumin in myocardial infarction rodent models. A systematic retrieval of relevant studies on curcumin intervention in rats or mice myocardial infarction models was conducted, and the data were extracted. The outcome indicators included biochemical blood indicators, such as creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase isoenzyme (CK-MB), malondialdehyde (MDA), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD), as well as cardiac tissue structure indicators, such as left ventricular weight to body weight ratio (LVW/BW), apoptosis index, left ventricular end-diastolic dimension (LVEDD), left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD), and myocardial infarction area, and hemodynamic indexes, such as systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), left ventricular fractional shortening (LVFS), maximum rate of left ventricular pressure rise (+dp/dtmax), and maximum rate of left ventricular pressure decline (-dp/dtmax). These results were then analyzed by meta-analysis. Studies were evaluated for methodological quality using the syrcle's bias risk tool. A total of 24 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The quality assessment of included studies revealed that the evidence was low quality and none of studies was judged as having a low risk of bias across all domains. The results revealed that curcumin could reduce CK-MB, CK, LDH, and MDA levels. They also revealed that it could lower SBP, DBP, LVEDP, LVW/BW, apoptosis index, LVEDD, LVESD, and myocardial infarction area and increase LVEF, LVFS, +dp/dtmax, and-dp/dtmax. However, it had no significant impact on the heart rate and the levels of SOD in the models. Curcumin alleviates myocardial injury and oxidative stress in myocardial infarction rodent models in terms of blood biochemistry indicators, improves the diastolic and systolic capacity of the ventricle in terms of hemodynamic indexes, and reduces the necrosis and apoptosis of cardiomyocytes in terms of tissue structure. The methodological quality of the studies was low and additional research is warranted.
PubMed: 36330084
DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.999386 -
Nutrition Research (New York, N.Y.) Oct 2022Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has become the most common liver disorder worldwide, reaching a prevalence of 60% and 24% in patients with chronic liver disease and the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Coffee consumption has no effect on circulating markers of liver function but increases adiponectin concentrations: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has become the most common liver disorder worldwide, reaching a prevalence of 60% and 24% in patients with chronic liver disease and the general population, respectively. Liver function is often assessed using standard liver tests such as alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, and alkaline phosphatase. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating the potential beneficial effects of coffee consumption on liver function are scarce and their results are inconclusive. Some clinical trials have shown a significant increase in adiponectin concentrations following coffee consumption; however, there are few studies in this field. Hence, the hypothesis of this meta-analysis of RCTs is that coffee consumption decreases blood markers of liver function and increases adiponectin concentrations. A systematic search was conducted in PubMed-MEDLINE, Scopus, Web of Science, ClinicalTrials.gov, and Google Scholar databases. Meta-analysis was performed using a random-effects model followed by sensitivity analysis. Meta-analysis of 14 RCTs, including a total of 897 subjects, showed that coffee consumption has no significant effect on alanine aminotransferase (weighted mean difference [WMD], -0.89 mg/mL; 95% CI, -2.90 to 1.12; P = .39), aspartate aminotransferase (WMD, -0.29 mg/mL; 95% CI, -1.25 to 0.66; P = .55), gamma-glutamyl transferase (WMD, .10 mg/mL; 95% CI, -3.94 to 4.15; P = .96), alkaline phosphatase (WMD, -4.60 mg/mL; 95% CI, -9.26 to 0.07; P = .05), and lactate dehydrogenase (WMD, -0.65 mg/mL; 95% CI, -10.80 to 9.49; P = .90). However, coffee administration significantly increased adiponectin concentrations (WMD, 1.19 mg/mL; 95% CI, 0.08-2.31; P = .04). The results of this meta-analysis of RCTs suggest that coffee consumption may improve liver dysfunction through the elevation of adiponectin levels; however, further clinical trials are needed to corroborate our findings.
Topics: Adiponectin; Alanine; Alanine Transaminase; Alkaline Phosphatase; Aspartate Aminotransferases; Biomarkers; Coffee; Humans; Lactate Dehydrogenases; Liver; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; gamma-Glutamyltransferase
PubMed: 36126527
DOI: 10.1016/j.nutres.2022.07.010 -
Inflammopharmacology Dec 2022There is evidence that chemosensory dysfunctions, including smell and taste disorders, are common findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the underlying... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
There is evidence that chemosensory dysfunctions, including smell and taste disorders, are common findings in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the underlying biological mechanisms and the role of inflammatory markers are still poorly understood.
AIM
To investigate the inflammatory biomarkers levels in patients with COVID-19 presenting chemosensory dysfunctions.
METHODS
This review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline. A systematic literature search was performed from January 1, 2020, to May 12, 2022. Observational studies that provided data on hematological, biochemical, infection-related indices and cellular immunity, and coagulation function in patients with COVID-19 experiencing smell and/or taste disorders were considered eligible. Effect sizes were reported as standardized mean difference (SMD) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). A negative effect size indicated that the inflammatory biomarker levels were lower among patients with chemosensory dysfunctions.
RESULTS
Eleven studies were included. Patients with chemosensory disturbances had lower levels of leukocytes (SMD - 0.18, 95% CI - 0.35 to - 0.01, p = 0.04), lactate dehydrogenase (SMD - 0.45, 95% CI - 0.82 to - 0.09, p = 0.01), IL-6 (SMD - 0.25, 95% CI - 0.44 to - 0.06, p < 0.01), and C-reactive protein (SMD - 0.33, 95% CI - 0.58 to - 0.08, p < 0.01) than patients without chemosensory disturbances.
CONCLUSION
Patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection who have olfactory and gustatory disorders have a lower inflammatory response than patients who do not have chemosensory alterations. The presence of these symptoms may indicate a more favorable clinical course for COVID-19.
Topics: Humans; COVID-19; SARS-CoV-2; Olfaction Disorders; Taste Disorders; Skin Diseases; Biomarkers
PubMed: 36097300
DOI: 10.1007/s10787-022-01066-z