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BMC Oral Health Jan 2024Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized dentistry, particularly in fabricating provisional restorations. This systematic review and meta-analysis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Three-dimensional (3D) printing technology has revolutionized dentistry, particularly in fabricating provisional restorations. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to thoroughly evaluate the flexural strength of provisional restorations produced using 3D printing while considering the impact of different resin materials.
METHODS
A systematic search was conducted across major databases (ScienceDirect, PubMed, Web of Sciences, Google Scholar, and Scopus) to identify relevant studies published to date. The inclusion criteria included studies evaluating the flexural strength of 3D-printed provisional restorations using different resins. Data extraction and quality assessment were performed using the CONSORT scale, and a meta-analysis was conducted using RevMan 5.4 to pool results.
RESULTS
Of the 1914 initially identified research articles, only 13, published between January 2016 and November 2023, were included after screening. Notably, Digital Light Processing (DLP) has emerged as the predominant 3D printing technique, while stereolithography (SLA), Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM), and mono-liquid crystal displays (LCD) have also been recognized. Various printed resins have been utilized in different techniques, including acrylic, composite resins, and methacrylate oligomer-based materials. Regarding flexural strength, polymerization played a pivotal role for resins used in 3D or conventional/milled resins, revealing significant variations in the study. For instance, SLA-3D and DLP Acrylate photopolymers displayed distinct strengths, along with DLP bisacrylic, milled PMMA, and conventional PMMA. The subsequent meta-analysis indicated a significant difference in flexure strength, with a pooled Mean Difference (MD) of - 1.25 (95% CI - 16.98 - 14.47; P < 0.00001) and a high I value of 99%, highlighting substantial heterogeneity among the studies.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides a comprehensive overview of the flexural strength of 3D-printed provisional restorations fabricated using different resins. However, further research is recommended to explore additional factors influencing flexural strength and refine the recommendations for enhancing the performance of 3D-printed provisional restorations in clinical applications.
Topics: Humans; Flexural Strength; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Composite Resins; Acrylic Resins; Printing, Three-Dimensional
PubMed: 38200473
DOI: 10.1186/s12903-023-03826-x -
Journal of Dentistry Feb 2024This review investigated the current literature pertaining to the repairability of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled and... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This review investigated the current literature pertaining to the repairability of computer-aided design-computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) milled and three-dimensional (3D) printed resin-based dental prostheses (RBDPs) as well as the appropriate surface treatment for each repair material that will produce adequate repair bond strength.
DATA/SOURCES
PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases were searched for published articles involving repair of CAD-CAM RBDPs between January 2010 and June 2023. Data were collected and analyzed to reveal the surface treatment effects, suggested repair materials, and strength of repaired RBDPs.
STUDY SELECTION
Out of 164 retrieved titles, 11 studies were included, of which five investigated the repair of 3D-printed RBDPs, three investigated the repair of CAD-CAM milled resins, and three investigated both materials. Additionally, of the included studies, seven investigated denture base resins, three studied provisional restoration resins, and one evaluated 3D-printed intraoral splints. Various surface treatments were suggested, with air-abrasive methods being the most commonly used. Different materials for resin repair were proposed and used, including auto-polymerized, reline, and composite resins. For 3D-printed resins, repair with Bis-acrylic/Bis-GMA composites improved repair strength.
CONCLUSION
Surface treatments positively affected the repair strength of conventional and milled RBDPs. However, challenges remain relevant to the repair of 3D-printed resins owing to composition mismatches and fabrication techniques. Therefore, further investigation is required to develop new 3D-printed resins.
CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE
CAD-CAM milled resins have satisfactory repair strength, which increases with surface treatment. The repair of 3D-printed resins has proven challenging even with surface treatments. However, composite resins are the materials of choice.
Topics: Materials Testing; Composite Resins; Computer-Aided Design; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; Dental Prosthesis; Surface Properties
PubMed: 38154701
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdent.2023.104806 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2023The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of coating with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO nanoparticle) on the surface condition of... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The main objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the effect of coating with titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO nanoparticle) on the surface condition of removable acrylic resin prosthetic base materials.
METHODS
Our review is registered in the PROSPERO database under the identification code CRD42023397170. Electronic database searches of PubMed, Scopus and Science Direct including studies from January 2009 to January 2023 were conducted and supplemented with manual searches. Research questions were generated in accordance with the PICO strategy. The modified Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials (CONSORT) checklist was used to evaluate the quality of the selected studies.
RESULTS
Since the included studies were variable in design, a meta-analysis was not performed. The electronic searches retrieved 29 references that met the eligibility criteria, among which 5 studies matched the inclusion criteria for this review. Significant differences were detected between the TiO NP-coated and uncoated groups. The available data indicate that TiO NP coating elicits antimicrobial activity and improves the wear resistance of polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) surfaces. Moreover, the nanoparticles provide high levels of glossiness and decelerate the process of color change of heat-cured acrylic resin, thus increasing the lifespan of dentures.
CONCLUSION
The collective results clearly indicate that TiO nanoparticle coating induces alterations in the surface properties of pure PMMA, enhancing the mechanical, physical and biological characteristics of the denture base material. Further studies are essential to identify the optimal thickness of coating and concentrations of nanoparticles for clinical applications.
Topics: Polymethyl Methacrylate; Denture Bases; Surface Properties; Acrylic Resins; Titanium; Materials Testing
PubMed: 38026530
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S425702 -
Photobiomodulation, Photomedicine, and... Nov 2023This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of laser treatment on adhesive bonding of liners to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the influence of laser treatment on adhesive bonding of liners to polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) denture base resins. The focused question was: "Does the application of laser treatment (Intervention) influence the adhesive bonding strength (Outcome) of liners to PMMA denture base resins (Population) as compared with untreated or unconditioned surfaces (Control)?" and clinical reports as well as reports on influence of laser treatments on bonding strength of liners to PMMA denture resins in comparison with untreated surfaces were included. Reports without any control group[s], without any application of laser[s] for PMMA denture bases that did not utilize PMMA denture bases, and not evaluate bond strength of PMMA denture base resins were excluded. An electronic search was conducted on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Meta-analyses were performed for calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (95% CI). Nine of the 12 included studies found that laser irradiation treatment produced significant surface texture alterations of the PMMA denture base and improved the adhesion between the PMMA denture base and soft lining. According to the meta-analysis, tensile bond strength showed an SMD of -2.49% (95% CI: -3.89 to -1.08; = 0.0005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). Regarding shear bond strength scores, the outcomes showed an SMD of -2.24% (95% CI: -3.79 to -0.69; = 0.005), suggesting a statistically significant difference between the control and test groups (i.e., favoring laser-treated samples than untreated samples). Despite the high heterogeneity among the included studies, it can be concluded that laser treatment might improve the bonding strengths of liners to PMMA denture base resins as compared with untreated surfaces. To validate the aforementioned conclusions, further verification is required through the implementation of well-designed randomized controlled trials with large sample sizes.
Topics: Polymethyl Methacrylate; Denture Liners; Adhesives; Acrylic Resins; Materials Testing; Denture Bases
PubMed: 37910776
DOI: 10.1089/photob.2023.0066 -
Clinical Oral Investigations Dec 2023To systematically review studies on various occlusal splint materials and describe their mechanical and chemical properties. (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To systematically review studies on various occlusal splint materials and describe their mechanical and chemical properties.
METHODS
MEDLINE (PubMed), Scopus, and Web of Science searches were conducted for in vitro studies focusing on occlusal splint materials. Two reviewers performed an assessment of the identified studies and data abstraction independently, and this was complimented by an additional hand search. The articles were limited to those in the English language that were published between January 1, 2012, and December 1, 2022.
RESULTS
The initial search yielded 405 search results of which 274 were selected for full-text review following abstract evaluation. 250 articles that did not meet the inclusion criteria were excluded, and the remaining 25 articles (with 1 article identified from the reference lists of included articles) providing mechanical and chemical values were used in this review. Poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) -based occlusal splint materials showed the highest values in terms of hardness, wear resistance, flexural strength, flexural modulus, e-modulus, and fracture toughness. The material group with the highest water sorption and water solubility was 3D printed (PR) splint materials. In addition, the lowest degree of double bond conversion was also observed in this group of materials.
CONCLUSIONS
The outcome of this review suggests that mechanically and chemically acceptable properties can be attained with PMMA-based occlusal splint materials using both conventional and digital production methods. PR splint materials should not be considered as the primary choice for long-term treatments due to their low mechanical and chemical properties.
CLINICAL RELEVANCE
This review provides clinical recommendations for selecting the appropriate material and fabrication method for occlusal splints while taking the patients' needs and the materials´ mechanical and chemical properties into account.
Topics: Humans; Occlusal Splints; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Flexural Strength; Splints; Water
PubMed: 37910242
DOI: 10.1007/s00784-023-05360-0 -
The Japanese Dental Science Review Dec 2023The use of graphecs excellent mechanical properties. However, it is necessary to evaluate the biological effects of this material. This systematic review aimed to... (Review)
Review
The use of graphecs excellent mechanical properties. However, it is necessary to evaluate the biological effects of this material. This systematic review aimed to observe and understand through studies the current state of the art regarding osseointegration, antimicrobial capacity, and the cytotoxicity of graphene coating applied to the surface of dental implant materials. Searches in PubMed, Embase, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Google Scholar databases were conducted between June and July 2021 and updated in May 2022 using the keywords: graphene, graphene oxide, dental implants, zirconium, titanium, peek, aluminum, disilicate, methyl-methacrylate, cytotoxicity, osseointegration, and bone regeneration. The criteria included in vivo and in vitro studies that evaluated antimicrobial capacity and/or osseointegration and/or cytotoxicity of dental implant materials coated with graphene compounds. The risk of bias for in vitro studies was assessed by the JBI tool, and for in vivo studies, Syrcle's risk of bias tool for animal studies was used. The database search resulted in 176 articles. Of the 18 articles selected for full reading, 16 remained in this systematic review. The use of graphene compounds as coatings on the surface of implant materials is promising because it promotes osseointegration and has antimicrobial capacity. However, further studies are needed to ensure its cytotoxic potential.
PubMed: 37680613
DOI: 10.1016/j.jdsr.2023.08.005 -
F1000Research 2023Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) denture-base resins have poor surface properties that facilitates microbial adhesion causing denture stomatitis. This systematic review...
Effect of addition of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the antimicrobial properties, surface roughness and surface hardness of polymethyl methacrylate: A Systematic Review.
Polymethyl Methacrylate (PMMA) denture-base resins have poor surface properties that facilitates microbial adhesion causing denture stomatitis. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of different sizes and percentages of titanium dioxide nanoparticles (TiO2NP) on the antimicrobial property, surface roughness and surface hardness of PMMA denture base resin. A systematic search of English peer-reviewed articles, clinical trial registries, grey literature databases and other online sources was performed using the PRISMA-S Guidelines for and studies. Qualitative data synthesis was performed to analyse sample dimensions, acrylic used, treatments of nanoparticles, methods used for testing and effect of size and percentage of nanoparticle. Risk of bias assessment was done using modified Cochrane risk of bias tool. Out of 1376 articles, 15 were included. TiO NP of size less than 30 nm was most frequently used. Both antimicrobial property and surface hardness improved irrespective of the size of the added TiO NP. Three studies reported increase in the surface roughness with less than 50 nm TiO NP. 3% TiO NP was most frequently used. On increasing the percentage, three studies reported an increase in antimicrobial property, while two studies found no change. With TiO NP greater than or equal to 3%, six studies reported an increase in surface hardness, while two reported increase in surface roughness. Large methodological variations were observed across studies. All studies except one were of moderate quality. On addition of TiO NP to heat polymerized PMMA, the antimicrobial property and surface hardness improved irrespective of the size of the TiO NP, however, addition of nanoparticles less than 50 nm increased the surface roughness. Increasing the percentage of TiO NP increased the surface hardness but did not always increase the antimicrobial property. Addition of 3% TiO NP provided optimum results with regards to antimicrobial effect and surface hardness, but increase in the surface roughness.
Topics: Hardness; Polymethyl Methacrylate; Materials Testing; Denture Bases; Surface Properties; Nanoparticles; Anti-Infective Agents
PubMed: 37424742
DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.130028.1 -
Neurosurgical Review May 2023Measuring quality of life (QOL) after cranioplasty is increasingly evident as a necessary component of patient-centered care. For data to be useful in clinical...
Measuring quality of life (QOL) after cranioplasty is increasingly evident as a necessary component of patient-centered care. For data to be useful in clinical decision-making and approval of new therapies, studies must utilize valid and reliable instruments. Our objective was to critically appraise studies evaluating QOL in adult cranioplasty patients and determine validity and relevance of the patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) used. Electronic databases of PubMed, Embase, CINAHL, and PsychINFO were used to identify PROMs measuring QOL in adult patients with cranioplasty. The methodological approach, cranioplasty outcomes, and domains measured by the PROMs were extracted and summarized descriptively. A content analysis of the identified PROMs was completed to identify the concepts measured. From 2236 articles identified, 17 articles containing eight QOL PROMs met the inclusion criteria. None of the PROMs was specifically validated or developed for adults undergoing cranioplasty. The QOL domains included physical health, psychological health, social health, and general QOL. These four domains encompassed 216 total items among the PROMs. Appearance was only assessed in two PROMs. To our knowledge, there are currently no validated PROMs that comprehensively measure appearance, facial function, and adverse effects in adults undergoing cranioplasty. There is an urgent need to develop PROMs to measure QOL outcomes rigorously and comprehensively in this patient population to inform clinical care, research, and quality improvement initiatives. Findings from this systematic review will be used to derive an outcome instrument containing important concepts related to QOL in patients who undergo cranioplasty.
Topics: Adult; Humans; Clinical Decision-Making; Databases, Factual; Mental Health; Patient Reported Outcome Measures; Quality of Life; Methylmethacrylate; Plastic Surgery Procedures
PubMed: 37148399
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02006-3 -
Photodiagnosis and Photodynamic Therapy Jun 2023The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of the contemporary photoactivated disinfection methods on the... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The present study aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of the contemporary photoactivated disinfection methods on the mechanical features and/or antimicrobial activity of polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) dentures bases.
METHODS
THE FOCUSED RESEARCH QUESTION WAS: "What is the effect of contemporary photoactivated disinfection methods as compared to conventional disinfection protocols on the mechanical features and/or antimicrobial activity of PMMA dentures bases?". An electronic literature search was carried out by the author and a senior librarian specialized in health sciences on Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. In vitro investigations evaluating the antimicrobial and/or mechanical effects of photoactivated disinfectants as compared to conventional chemical disinfectants on the microbes formed on PMMA denture bases were included. Meta-analysis was performed for calculating the standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval.
RESULTS
Four out of eight studies concluded that photoactivated disinfectants, including riboflavin-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT), hematoporphyrin-mediated PDT, poly-l-glycolic acid loaded with methylene blue, Erbium, chromium-doped yttrium, scandium, gallium, and garnet (Er,Cr:YSGG) laser, erbium-doped yttrium-aluminum-garnet (Er:YAG) laser, and chitosan-mediated PDT, demonstrated a significant reduction in colony-forming unit per milliliter (CFU/mL) of exposed viable colonies of Escherichia coli (E. coli), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus), and Candida albicans (C. albicans) comparable to the conventionally used chemical disinfectants of PMMA denture bases. Contrarily, two studies concluded that the PMMA denture base colonized with C. albicans and disinfected with conventional chemical disinfectants showed the greatest anti-fungal efficaciousness. All the included studies concluded that the application of photoactivated disinfectants does not negatively impact the mechanical features of the PMMA denture bases colonized with microbes including E. coli, S. mutans, S. aureus, and C. albicans. The meta-analysis revealed statistically significant reduction in C. albicans counts (CFU/mL [Log10]) (p < 0.00001) and improvement in the flexural strength (p = 0.0002) of PMMA-based denture base after the application of conventional disinfectants, while a statistically significant improvement in the fracture strength of PMMA-based denture base was observed after the application of photoactivated disinfectants (p = 0.03).
CONCLUSION
According to the systematic review (qualitative synthesis), photoactivated disinfectants demonstrated comparable mechanical features and antimicrobial activity of PMMA dentures bases to conventional chemical disinfectants suggesting their potential to be utilized as an alternative to conventional chemical disinfectants. However, the meta-analysis (quantitative synthesis) revealed that the application of conventional disinfectants demonstrated better outcomes related to antimicrobial activity and flexural strength of PMMA-based denture based.
Topics: Polymethyl Methacrylate; Disinfection; Denture Bases; Escherichia coli; Staphylococcus aureus; Erbium; Photochemotherapy; Photosensitizing Agents; Anti-Infective Agents; Disinfectants; Materials Testing; Candida albicans
PubMed: 36958538
DOI: 10.1016/j.pdpdt.2023.103523 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... May 2023Adverse reactions, caused during the inflammation and healing process, or even later, can be induced by the injection of dermal filler and can present a variety of...
BACKGROUND
Adverse reactions, caused during the inflammation and healing process, or even later, can be induced by the injection of dermal filler and can present a variety of clinical and histological characteristics. In this study we aimed to review the adverse reactions associated with the injection of aesthetic filling materials in the face and neck.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The review was reported according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses checklist. Studies published that mentioned adverse reactions in patients with aesthetic filling materials in the face or neck were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the Joanna Briggs Institute appraisal tool. After a 2-step selection process, 74 studies were included: 51 case reports, 18 serial cases, and five cohorts.
RESULTS
A total of 303 patients from 20 countries were assessed. Lesions were more prevalent in the lip (18%), nasolabial folds (13%), cheeks (13%), chin (10%), submental (8%), glabella (7%), and forehead (6%). Histopathological analysis revealed a foreign body granuloma in 87.1% of the patients, 3% inflammatory granuloma, 3% lipogranuloma, 2.3% xanthelasma-like reaction, 1% fibrotic reaction, 0.7% amorphous tissues, 0.7% xanthelasma, 0.3% sclerosing lipogranuloma, 0.3% siliconoma, and 0.3% foreign body granuloma with scleromyxedema. In addition, two patients displayed keratoacanthoma and two others displayed sarcoidosis after cutaneous filling. The most commonly used materials were silicone fillers (19.7%), hyaluronic acid (15.5%), and hydroxyethyl methacrylate/ethyl methacrylate suspended in hyaluronic acid acrylic hydrogel (5.6%). All patients were treated, and only 12 had prolonged complications.
CONCLUSIONS
There is evidence that adverse reaction can be caused by different fillers in specific sites on the face. Although foreign body granuloma was the most common, other adverse lesions were diagnosed, exacerbating systemic diseases. In this way, we reinforce the importance of previous systemic evaluations and histopathological analyses for the correct diagnosis of lesions.
Topics: Humans; Granuloma, Foreign-Body; Cosmetic Techniques; Hyaluronic Acid; Esthetics, Dental; Polymethyl Methacrylate
PubMed: 36565218
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.25713