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Annales de Dermatologie Et de... 2013Recent developments and therapeutic use of selective BRAF inhibitors (e.g. dabrafenib and vemurafenib) have significantly improved overall survival and disease-free... (Review)
Review
Recent developments and therapeutic use of selective BRAF inhibitors (e.g. dabrafenib and vemurafenib) have significantly improved overall survival and disease-free survival of patients with BRAF V600 mutation-positive metastatic melanoma. Despite their survival benefits, small-molecule inhibitors of BRAF are associated with significant and sometimes severe treatment-related dermatological toxicity. The most common adverse skin reactions include photosensitivity, induced malignant lesions of the skin such as keratoacanthomas, squamous cell carcinoma and new primary melanomas, as well as keratinocyte proliferation and differentiation dysfunctions that can manifest as skin papillomas, hand-foot skin reaction, keratosis pilaris-like rash, acantholytic dyskeratosis and cysts of the milia type. In this article, we describe the clinical and histological features of the cutaneous manifestations induced by vemurafenib and dabrafenib on the basis of our clinical experience and a literature review. The crucial role of dermatologists in patient management is also highlighted.
Topics: Acantholysis; Alopecia; Antineoplastic Agents; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Codon; Drug Eruptions; Hand-Foot Syndrome; Humans; Imidazoles; Indoles; Keratoacanthoma; Keratosis; Melanoma; Neoplasm Proteins; Neoplasms, Second Primary; Nevus; Oximes; Panniculitis; Photosensitivity Disorders; Protein Kinase Inhibitors; Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf; Radiodermatitis; Skin Neoplasms; Sulfonamides; Vemurafenib
PubMed: 24034635
DOI: 10.1016/j.annder.2013.02.031 -
Nutrients Jul 2013This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the caries-prevention effect of probiotics in human. The hypothesis was that the administration of probiotic strains... (Review)
Review
This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the caries-prevention effect of probiotics in human. The hypothesis was that the administration of probiotic strains might play a role in caries lesion prevention and in the control of caries-related risk factors. The main relevant databases (Medline, Embase) were searched. Quality of the Randomized Clinical Trials (RCTs) was classified using the "Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials" (CONSORT) checklist and the Impact Factor (IF) value of each journal was recorded. Sixty-six papers were identified, and 23 fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Only three studies had caries lesion development as outcome, all the others reported caries risk factors as interim evaluation. Using the CONSORT Score, the papers were coded as 4 excellent, 9 good and 10 poor. The mean IF value recorded was 1.438. Probiotics may play a role as antagonistic agent on mutans streptococci (MS), acidogenic/aciduric bacteria that contributes to the caries process. In two-thirds of the selected papers, probiotics have demonstrated the capacity to reduce MS counts in saliva and/or plaque in short-term. The effect of probiotics on the development of caries lesion seems encouraging, but to date, RCTs on this topic are insufficient to provide scientific clinical evidence.
Topics: Dental Caries; Humans; Probiotics; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; Risk Factors; Saliva; Streptococcus mutans
PubMed: 23857225
DOI: 10.3390/nu5072530 -
Acta Odontologica Scandinavica 2013This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the caries-prevention effect of fluoridated food, excluding water. The main aim of this review was to evaluate the... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
This paper aims to provide a systematic review of the caries-prevention effect of fluoridated food, excluding water. The main aim of this review was to evaluate the presence of scientific evidence relating to the effects of fluoride intake via food on the occurrence of carious lesions. The outcome was defined as a clinical outcome, so only papers evaluating a decrease in caries indices were included.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Relevant databases (Medline®, Embase®, The Cochrane Library) were searched. The date range was set from 01.01.1966 to 03.31.2011. One hundred and thirty-nine reports were identified and assessed. Only three papers fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were discussed in detail.
RESULTS
No paper related to the use of fluoridated salt in caries prevention fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The use of milk as a vehicle for providing additional fluoride in a dental public health programme was evaluated in two papers. The consumption of fluoridated milk was an effective measure to prevent caries in the primary teeth. The use of fluoridated sugar demonstrated a reduction in caries increment in the permanent dentition in one paper.
CONCLUSIONS
Literature on the effectiveness of fluoridation in foods in caries prevention is scant and almost all the studies have been conducted in children. There is low evidence that the use of milk fluoridation is effective in reducing the caries increment.
Topics: Dental Caries; Fluorides; Food Additives; Humans
PubMed: 22827733
DOI: 10.3109/00016357.2012.690447 -
Archives of Dermatology Jun 2010To clarify clinicopathologic features and reconcile discrepancies in previous studies of folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF). (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
OBJECTIVES
To clarify clinicopathologic features and reconcile discrepancies in previous studies of folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (FMF).
DESIGN
A single-center retrospective clinicopathologic study and a systematic review of FMF.
SETTING
Tertiary referral center in the midwestern United States.
PATIENTS
Patients with clinical and histopathologic evidence of FMF seen at the tertiary referral center during a 12(1/2)-year period.
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES
Clinicopathologic features of FMF.
RESULTS
Fifty patients (32 male [64%] and 18 female [36%]) met study criteria for the clinicopathologic review. Pruritic patches, plaques, and folliculocentric lesions (milia, cysts, and alopecia) on the head, neck, and trunk were common clinical findings. The mean time to diagnosis of FMF was 5.0 years. Diagnostic latency did not affect risk of death. One-year and 5-year overall survival rates were 96% and 62%, respectively. Frequent microscopic features were follicular mucinosis (74%) and epidermotropism (54%). Systematic review of 186 additional patients confirmed male predominance (ratio of men to women, 3.2:1.0), prevalent pruritus (73%), frequent follicular mucinosis (69%) and epidermotropism (37%) microscopically, and common head, neck, and trunk involvement. Combined data demonstrated that 6% of patients with FMF had concurrent non-mycosis fungoides hematologic malignant neoplasms and that the 5-year overall survival rate was 62% to 64%.
CONCLUSION
Folliculotropic mycosis fungoides has distinct clinical and microscopic features and is associated with a poor 5-year overall survival rate.
Topics: Adult; Biopsy; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Flow Cytometry; Follow-Up Studies; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Mycosis Fungoides; Prognosis; Retrospective Studies; Skin; Skin Neoplasms; Survival Rate; United States
PubMed: 20566923
DOI: 10.1001/archdermatol.2010.101