-
International Orthodontics Jun 2024This systematic review aimed to assess the biological response at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels following Piezocision™ surgery, and its efficacy in...
OBJECTIVES
This systematic review aimed to assess the biological response at tissue, cellular, and molecular levels following Piezocision™ surgery, and its efficacy in accelerating orthodontic tooth movement.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
A systematic review of the literature was conducted across 4 databases following the PRISMA guidelines up to May 2022. Prospective controlled animal studies involving healthy animals under active orthodontic treatment assisted by corticotomy performed with a piezotome (Piezocision™) published in the English language without time restrictions were included. The article selection, data extraction and risk of bias assessment (SYRCLE tool) were performed by two independent blinded review authors.
RESULTS
Out of 738 articles screened, 10 studies were included with various level of bias. Biological responses were categorized into tissue, cellular, and molecular levels. Tissue-level changes included a global decrease in bone mineral content post-Piezocision™. At the cellular level, increased bone turnover activity was noted. Molecularly, elevated RANKL and OPG expression, along with increased TRAP+ and cytokines, were observed after Piezocision™. Studies confirmed Piezocision's efficacy, reporting 1.35 to 3.26 times faster tooth movements, peaking between the 3rd and 50th day post-surgery. Biological responses were transient, reversible, and proportional to surgical insult, with reactivation possible through a second Piezocision™.
CONCLUSIONS
After Piezocision™ surgery, a transient and reversible biological response was described at the tissue, cellular and molecular levels, which induced faster orthodontic tooth movements. This biological response could be re-activated by an additional Piezocision™ and is proportional to the surgical injury.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
Prospero CRD42022303237.
Topics: Tooth Movement Techniques; Animals; Piezosurgery; Bone Remodeling; Bone Density
PubMed: 38552499
DOI: 10.1016/j.ortho.2024.100870 -
Journal of Endodontics Jun 2024This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic failure of nonsurgical endodontic treatment and retreatment for mature permanent... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Clinical and Radiographic Failure of Nonsurgical Endodontic Treatment and Retreatment Using Single-cone Technique With Calcium Silicate-based Sealers: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.
INTRODUCTION
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the clinical and radiographic failure of nonsurgical endodontic treatment and retreatment for mature permanent teeth with or without apical periodontitis using the single-cone (SC) obturation technique with calcium silicate-based bio-ceramic (CSBC) sealers and to compare these failure rates to other sealer materials and obturation techniques.
METHODS
A comprehensive search was conducted using MEDLINE (PubMed), Embase, Cochrane Library, Scopus, Web of Science, and gray literature up to March 2023. Two reviewers assessed the eligibility of the included studies. Eligible studies were critically appraised for risk of bias and quality of evidence. Subsequently, a meta-analysis of pooled data was conducted utilizing the RevMan software (P < .05) to evaluate the failure rate of non-surgical root canal therapy using CSBC sealers and SC obturation procedures. Separately, another analysis was conducted to compare those results with the outcome of nonsurgical root canal therapy using alternative obturation materials and methods.
RESULTS
Five studies were included. The pooled failure rate for nonsurgical endodontic treatment and retreatment combined using CSBC sealers and SC obturation technique was 6.8% [95% confidence interval (CI) = (3%-12%), I = 46%]. A second analysis was conducted on the 3 included clinical trials to compare the outcomes of the intervention (CSBC sealers and SC obturation technique) and control groups (other sealers and other obturation techniques). This analysis found no significant difference between the 2 groups regarding clinical and radiographic failure of endodontic treatment and retreatment [Risk ratio = 0.71, 95% CI = (0.33, 1.51), I = 0]. This difference was also not statistically significant when the failure rate of primary root canal treatment and retreatment were separately analyzed [Combined Risk ratio of primary root canal treatment = 0.94, 95% CI = (0.46, 1.93), I = 0%; Combined Risk ratio of retreatment = 0.21, 95% CI = (0.001, 75.46), I = 0%].
CONCLUSIONS
The overall results of this systematic review and meta-analysis demonstrate that the SC obturation technique with CSBC sealer provides similar results compared to other obturation materials and techniques in facilitating the healing of apical periodontitis.
Topics: Humans; Calcium Compounds; Dental Restoration Failure; Periapical Periodontitis; Retreatment; Root Canal Filling Materials; Root Canal Obturation; Root Canal Therapy; Silicates; Treatment Failure
PubMed: 38548045
DOI: 10.1016/j.joen.2024.03.007 -
Nutrients Mar 2024Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Time-restricted eating (TRE) has emerged as a dietary strategy that restricts food consumption to a specific time window and is commonly applied to facilitate weight loss. The benefits of TRE on adipose tissue have been evidenced in human trials and animal models; however, its impact on bone tissue remains unclear. To systematically synthesize and examine the evidence on the impact of TRE on bone health (bone mineral content (BMC), bone mineral density (BMD), and bone turnover factors), PubMed, Scopus, Cochrane CENTRAL, and Web of Science databases were systematically explored from inception to 1 October 2023 searching for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) aimed at determining the effects of TRE on bone health in adults (≥18 years). The Cochrane Handbook and the PRISMA recommendations were followed. A total of seven RCTs involving 313 participants (19 to 68 years) were included, with an average length of 10.5 weeks (range: 4 to 24 weeks). Despite the significant weight loss reported in five out of seven studies when compared to the control, our meta-analysis showed no significant difference in BMD (g/cm) between groups (MD = -0.009, 95% CI: -0.026 to 0.009, = 0.328; = 0%). BMC and bone turnover markers between TRE interventions and control conditions were not meta-analyzed because of scarcity of studies (less than five). Despite its short-term benefits on cardiometabolic health, TRE did not show detrimental effects on bone health outcomes compared to those in the control group. Nevertheless, caution should be taken when interpreting our results due to the scarcity of RCTs adequately powered to assess changes in bone outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Bone and Bones; Bone Density; Weight Loss
PubMed: 38542787
DOI: 10.3390/nu16060876 -
International Journal of Environmental... Mar 2024The prevalence of dementia increases with nearly 10 million new cases each year, with Alzheimer's disease contributing to 60-70% of cases. Environmental factors such as...
The prevalence of dementia increases with nearly 10 million new cases each year, with Alzheimer's disease contributing to 60-70% of cases. Environmental factors such as drinking water have been evaluated to determine if a relationship exists between trace elements in drinking water and the risk of developing cognitive disorders in the elderly. The purpose of the current systematic review was to evaluate an association between the composition of drinking water and cognitive function in the elderly. In accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses guidelines, a literature search was conducted using PubMed and CINAHL databases. A total of 10 studies were included in the current systematic review. Aluminum is the most commonly evaluated trace element in studies ( = 8), followed by silica ( = 5), calcium ( = 4), and fluoride ( = 4). Aluminum exposure showed an increased risk of cognitive decline in four studies, with no association reported in the other studies. Higher silica and pH levels were shown to be protective against a decline in cognitive function. A similar protective effect of calcium was found in two studies. Future research should measure multiple trace mineral levels in all water sources to evaluate the impact on cognitive function.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Aluminum; Calcium; Cognition; Cognitive Dysfunction; Drinking Water; Silicon Dioxide; Trace Elements
PubMed: 38541362
DOI: 10.3390/ijerph21030362 -
International Journal of Biometeorology Jun 2024Balneotherapy includes practices and methods using medically and legally recognized mineral-medicinal waters, muds and natural gases from natural springs for therapeutic... (Review)
Review
Balneotherapy includes practices and methods using medically and legally recognized mineral-medicinal waters, muds and natural gases from natural springs for therapeutic purposes. One of the most widely used method in balneotherapy is bathing with thermal mineral water. In the course of the years, scientific community has produced an increasing number of evidences that this practice is an effective method for treating signs and symptoms of several pathologies such as rheumatic, cardiovascular and dermatological diseases. This systematic review is aimed at evaluating the effect of balneotherapy with thermal water baths as a treatment to manage signs and symptoms of patients affected by all types of dermatological diseases. The systematic review was conducted according to the PRISMA Statement, and its protocol was registered on PROSPERO platform (CRD42022295913). The research was performed on the databases Pubmed, Scopus, Web of Science and Cochrane. We included clinical trials evaluating the effects of balneotherapy using thermal mineral water baths for managing dermatological diseases in humans, published in English and Italian language. Eight studies were included, seven of them enrolled adults affected by psoriasis and one studied atopic dermatitis patients. The common result of all the articles included was a clear improvement of signs and symptoms of psoriasis and eczematous diseases after use of thermal mineral water baths. These effects seem to be strictly related to physical and chemical properties of thermal water used for balneotherapy. However, studies in this field are still limited to support robust evidence of the effectiveness of balneotherapy using thermal mineral water baths and often their quality is low. Thus, new clinical studies need to be carried out, using more correct methods for conducting the studies and for processing statistical data.
Topics: Humans; Balneology; Mineral Waters; Skin Diseases; Baths; Dermatitis, Atopic; Psoriasis
PubMed: 38530467
DOI: 10.1007/s00484-024-02649-x -
Archivos Argentinos de Pediatria Apr 2024Cerebral palsy is associated with complications such as low bone mineral density, which is more severe in patients with greater motor involvement. Assisted standing...
Cerebral palsy is associated with complications such as low bone mineral density, which is more severe in patients with greater motor involvement. Assisted standing helps to prevent or delay this complication; however, its effect is controversial because the type of stander, the type of standing (dynamic or static), and its dosage are not clear. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of assisted standing on bone mineral density in children with cerebral palsy. A systematic review was carried out in compliance with the PRISMA guidelines, using 5 databases. The results were presented using tables, a risk of bias analysis, and a narrative synthesis. Four studies met the inclusion criteria. Assisted standing generates positive changes in bone mineral density, but further research is required, with studies that have greater methodological rigor, longer follow-up periods, and a larger number of patients.
PubMed: 38527242
DOI: 10.5546/aap.2023-10251.eng -
Journal of Plastic, Reconstructive &... May 2024Facial aging has long been an area of focus in esthetic surgery. It is the consequence of physiologic and environmental factors, with a trend toward non-surgical... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Facial aging has long been an area of focus in esthetic surgery. It is the consequence of physiologic and environmental factors, with a trend toward non-surgical modalities. Although volume augmentation has long been a focus of non-surgical facial rejuvenation, there is emerging interest in the use of biostimulators to induce physiologic changes in the skin. This article aimed to provide an overview of this class of therapies.
METHODS
A systematic review regarding the clinical use of biostimulatory agents including platelet-rich plasma (PRP), platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) and calcium hydroxylapatite (CaHA) in facial rejuvenation was performed using PubMed databases. The protocol was developed following the preferred reporting for items for systematic reviews-protocols guidelines. Included studies matched predetermined criteria according to the employed intervention and outcomes.
RESULTS
The systematic review was performed in September 2023, with the primary search yielding 464 articles. Abstract review resulted in 73 articles of potential relevance. Comprehensive review of the articles and manual reference checks were performed, independently, by 2 authors. This yielded a total of 45 articles that met the inclusion criteria.
CONCLUSIONS
There is an increasing role for non-surgical modalities in facial rejuvenation. Biostimulatory agents may be used as an alternative, or act as an adjunct, to other non-surgical modalities. These agents induce physiologic changes that mitigate facial aging. There is limited, quantifiable data, which fully illustrate the effect in these products. Although these agents are known to illicit inflammatory changes, more controlled studies are needed to better elucidate the biostimulatory capacity of such non-surgical treatments.
Topics: Humans; Rejuvenation; Skin Aging; Cosmetic Techniques; Face; Polyesters; Durapatite; Platelet-Rich Plasma
PubMed: 38518624
DOI: 10.1016/j.bjps.2024.02.069 -
Osteoporosis International : a Journal... Jul 2024
Correction to: Determination of the combined effects of asian herbal medicine with calcium and/or vitamin D supplements on bone mineral density in primary osteoporosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PubMed: 38512462
DOI: 10.1007/s00198-024-07065-w -
Current Osteoporosis Reports Apr 2024Recently, the American Diabetes Association updated the 2024 guidelines for Standards of Care in Diabetes and recommend that a T-score of - 2.0 in patients with diabetes... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Recently, the American Diabetes Association updated the 2024 guidelines for Standards of Care in Diabetes and recommend that a T-score of - 2.0 in patients with diabetes should be interpreted as equivalent to - 2.5 in people without diabetes. We aimed to evaluate the most recent findings concerning the bone mineral density (BMD)-derived T-score and risk of fractures related to osteoporosis in subjects with diabetes.
RECENT FINDINGS
The dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scan is the golden standard for evaluating BMD. The BMD-derived T-score is central to fracture prediction and signifies both diagnosis and treatment for osteoporosis. However, the increased fracture risk in diabetes is not sufficiently explained by the T-score, complicating the identification and management of fracture risk in these patients. Recent findings agree that subjects with type 2 diabetes (T2D) have a higher T-score and higher fracture risk compared with subjects without diabetes. However, the actual number of studies evaluating the direct association of higher fracture risk at higher T-score levels is scant. Some studies support the adjustment based on the 0.5 BMD T-score difference between subjects with T2D and subjects without diabetes. However, further data from longitudinal studies is warranted to validate if the T-score treatment threshold necessitates modification to prevent fractures in subjects with diabetes.
Topics: Humans; Bone Density; Osteoporosis; Absorptiometry, Photon; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; Osteoporotic Fractures; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38509440
DOI: 10.1007/s11914-024-00867-1 -
Bone Jun 2024Hydroxyapatite [HA, Ca(PO)(OH)], with its robust biocompatibility and bioactivity, has found extensive utility in bone grafting, replacement therapies, and supplemental... (Review)
Review
Hydroxyapatite [HA, Ca(PO)(OH)], with its robust biocompatibility and bioactivity, has found extensive utility in bone grafting, replacement therapies, and supplemental medical materials. HA is highly regarded for its osteoconductive properties because it boasts hydrophilicity, nontoxicity, non-allergenicity, and non-mutagenicity. Nevertheless, HA's intrinsic mechanical weakness has spurred efforts to enhance its properties. This enhancement is achieved through ion incorporation, with elements such as magnesium, zinc, lithium, strontium, boron, and others being integrated into the HA structure. In the domain of orthopedics, HA-based scaffolds have emerged as a solution for addressing prevalent issues like bone deformities and defects stemming from congenital anomalies, injuries, trauma, infections, or tumors. The fabrication of three-dimensional scaffolds (3D scaffolds) has enabled advancements in bone regeneration and replacement, with a focus on practical applications such as repairing calvarial, skull, and femoral defects. In vitro and in vivo assessments have substantiated the effectiveness of 3D scaffolds for bone defect repair, regeneration, and tissue engineering. Beyond bone-related applications, scaffolds demonstrate versatility in enhancing cartilage healing and serving as bioimplants. The wide array of scaffold applications underscores their ongoing potential for further development in the realm of medical science.
Topics: Durapatite; Tissue Scaffolds; Bone Regeneration; Tissue Engineering; Skull
PubMed: 38508371
DOI: 10.1016/j.bone.2024.117075