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Clinical Immunology (Orlando, Fla.) Jan 2023Osteoarthritis (OA) patients demonstrated higher Osteopontin (OPN) plasma, serum, and synovial fluid concentrations than healthy individuals. In the present study, we... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
PURPOSE
Osteoarthritis (OA) patients demonstrated higher Osteopontin (OPN) plasma, serum, and synovial fluid concentrations than healthy individuals. In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether OPN could be used as a diagnostic or prognostic marker for OA symptom/disease severity.
METHODS
Using Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, and Embase, we conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies that measured OPN levels in OA patients' plasma, serum, or synovial fluid. After setting the eligibility criteria, data extraction, and quality assessment of the identified studies, we performed statistical analysis using Revman 5.4 and Open Meta analyst.
RESULTS
OPN has been found to be associated with advanced knee joint damage in OA patients. In addition, higher expression of OPN is thought to be associated with disease progression. Nevertheless, further studies should examine the role of other markers of chronic bone damage, such as leptin and sclerostin. This systematic review and meta-analysis included 14 studies with a total of 776 cases and 530 controls. OPN was significantly elevated in osteoarthritis patients' plasma, serum, and synovial fluid samples, with significant heterogeneity between studies.
CONCLUSION
We recommend that OPN plasma and synovial fluid levels be measured as a diagnostic and prognostic marker to determine the severity of OA symptoms.
Topics: Humans; Osteopontin; Osteoarthritis; Synovial Fluid; Biomarkers; Bone and Bones
PubMed: 36403917
DOI: 10.1016/j.clim.2022.109187 -
Biomarkers : Biochemical Indicators of... Feb 2023There is an increasing number of studies on the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers associated with IPF. The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
There is an increasing number of studies on the diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers associated with IPF. The purpose of this study was to explore the diagnostic and prognostic value of secreted phosphoprotein 1 (SPP1) in IPF.Using five database, appropriate studies were included. Pooled sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratio (PLR), negative likelihood ratio (NLR), diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated. Pooled hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs related to prognosis were calculated.Thirteen studies were included in the meta-analyses. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR were 0.84 (95% CI 0.72-0.91), 0.89 (95% CI 0.83-0.94), 7.94 (95% CI 4.63-13.62), 0.18 (95% CI 0.10-0.33), 43.08 (95% CI 15.88-116.84) for SPP1 in the differential diagnosis of IPF and healthy people. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, PLR, NLR and DOR were 0.97 (95% CI 0.57-1.00), 0.93 (95% CI 0.73-0.98), 13.87 (95% CI 3.26-58.99), 0.03 (95% CI 0-0.68), 446.91 (95% CI 21.02-9504.41) for SPP1 to differentiate IPF and lung cancer patients. High SPP1 expression predicts poor prognosis for IPF patients (HR= 1.42, 95% CI = 1.27 and 1.58, P < 0.001).SPP1 is a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for IPF patients.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Biomarkers, Tumor; Osteopontin; Lung Neoplasms; Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
PubMed: 36377416
DOI: 10.1080/1354750X.2022.2148744 -
Frontiers in Genetics 2022This study explores associations between recurrent kidney stones and genetic polymorphisms. Meta-analysis of polymorphisms in renal stone cases versus control groups....
This study explores associations between recurrent kidney stones and genetic polymorphisms. Meta-analysis of polymorphisms in renal stone cases versus control groups. Four electronic databases (PubMed, SCOPUS, EMBASE, and Web of Science) were searched up to 30 May 2021, using the keywords: "kidney stone" or "kidney calculi," or "urolithiasis" or "nephrolithiasis" or "urinary calculi" and "genome" or "genetic" or "mutation" or "single nucleotide polymorphism." Forrest plots, ORs, 95% CI, Chi-square (χ2)-test, and index of heterogeneity (I2) were calculated. Only studies with Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) ≥ 6 were included for quality control, and Funnel, Begg's, and Eager's plots assessed publication bias. PROSPERO: CRD42022250427. Among 7,671 searched articles, 72 were included. Polymorphisms in VDR (OR: 1.20; 95% CI: 1.06-1.36), CASR (OR = 1.24; 95% CI: 1.01-1.52), Osteopontin (OR = 1.38; 95% CI: 1.09-1.74), and Urokinase genes (OR = 1.52; 95% CI: 1.02-2.28) showed a significant association with risk of urinary stone formation, while Klotho gene showed a protective effect (OR = 0.75; 95% CI: 0.57-0.99). The VDR gene polymorphism was frequent in Asians, whereas CASR polymorphism was frequent in European and North American populations. Multifactorial nature of the stone formation, emphasizing the role of environmental factors, might explain contradictory results in the literature. While polymorphisms in VDR, CASR, Osteopontin, and Urokinase genes were associated with urinary stone formation, the Klotho gene showed a protective effect.
PubMed: 35846117
DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.913908 -
Bone Reports Dec 2022To clarify the role of mediators of ectopic mineralization as biomarkers for arterial calcifications. (Review)
Review
AIM
To clarify the role of mediators of ectopic mineralization as biomarkers for arterial calcifications.
METHODS
MEDLINE and Embase were searched for relevant literature, until January 4th 2022. The investigated biomarkers were: calcium, phosphate, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D, pyrophosphate, osteoprotegerin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23), Klotho, osteopontin, osteocalcin, Matrix Gla protein (MGP) and its inactive forms and vitamin K. Studies solely performed in patients with kidney insufficiency or diabetes mellitus were excluded.
RESULTS
After screening of 8985 articles, a total of 129 articles were included in this systematic review. For all biomarkers included in this review, the results were variable and more than half of the studies for each specific biomarker had a non-significant result. Also, the overall quality of the included studies was low, partly as a result of the mostly cross-sectional study designs. The largest body of evidence is available for phosphate, osteopontin and FGF-23, as a little over half of the studies showed a significant, positive association. Firm statements for these biomarkers cannot be drawn, as the number of studies was limited and hampered by residual confounding or had non-significant results. The associations of the other mediators of ectopic mineralization with arterial calcifications were not clear.
CONCLUSION
Associations between biomarkers of ectopic mineralization and arterial calcification are variable in the published literature. Future longitudinal studies differentiating medial and intimal calcification could add to the knowledge of biomarkers and mechanisms of arterial calcifications.
PubMed: 35769144
DOI: 10.1016/j.bonr.2022.101599 -
Journal of Nephrology Nov 2022Premature infants are at high risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) and current diagnostic criteria are flawed. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Premature infants are at high risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) and current diagnostic criteria are flawed. The objective of this study was to determine the diagnostic accuracy of urine and serum biomarkers not currently used in routine clinical practice to predict AKI in premature infants.
METHOD
A systematic review was performed that followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses of Diagnostic Test Accuracy Studies (PRISMA-DTA). Data were extracted on the diagnostic accuracy of AKI biomarkers using serum creatinine or urine output as the reference standard. Quality and validity were assessed using modified Standards for Reporting Diagnostic Accuracy (STARD) criteria.
RESULTS
We identified 1024 articles, with 15 studies (791 infants) eligible for inclusion. Twenty-seven biomarkers were identified including serum cystatin C and urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (uNGAL), osteopontin, kidney injury molecule-1, epidermal growth factor, and protein S100-P. However, many were only reported by one study each. A meta-analysis could only be conducted on uNGAL (288 infants from 6 studies) using a hierarchical, random-effects logistic-regression model. uNGAL had a summary sensitivity of 77% (95% CI 58-89%), specificity of 76% (95% CI 57-88%) and AUC-SROC of 0.83 (95% CI 0.80-0.86) for the diagnosis of AKI. By utilising uNGAL, the post-test probability of AKI increased to 52% (95% CI 37-66%) with a positive test and decreased to 9% (95% CI 5-16%) with a negative test if the pre-test probability was 25%.
CONCLUSION
uNGAL shows promise as a diagnostically accurate biomarker for AKI in premature infants.
Topics: Humans; Infant; Infant, Newborn; Lipocalin-2; Cystatin C; Creatinine; Osteopontin; Acute Kidney Injury; Biomarkers; Infant, Premature; EGF Family of Proteins
PubMed: 35384606
DOI: 10.1007/s40620-022-01307-y -
Systematic Reviews Jan 2022The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) bone turnover markers (BTMs) concerning the physiology of orthodontic tooth... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
The aim of the present study was to provide an overview of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) bone turnover markers (BTMs) concerning the physiology of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) and assess their potential contributions to regulating bone remodeling, that could prove useful in designing future approaches to modulating orthodontic tooth movement.
METHODS
Multiple electronic databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Ovid MEDLINE, Ovid Embase, LILACS, and Cochrane Library) were searched up to October 1st, 2020. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs), controlled clinical trials, observational studies of prospective and retrospective designs, and cross-sectional studies reporting on levels of BTMs in GCF were eligible for inclusion. The quality of the included RCTs was assessed per the revised Cochrane risk of bias tool for randomized trials (RoB 2.0), whereas the risk of bias of the included cohort studies was assessed using the Risk Of Bias In Non-randomized Studies of Interventions tool.
RESULTS
Five RCTs, 9 prospective cohort studies, and 1 cross-sectional study fulfilled the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was deemed as high for the RCTs and 4 of the prospective studies and moderate for the rest of the studies. The following biomarkers for bone formation were assessed: bone alcaline phosphatase (BALP), alcaline phosphatase (ALP), and osteocalcin (OC). For bone resorption, the following BTMs were assessed: deoxypyridinoline (DPD) and pyridinoline (PYD), N-terminal telopeptide (NTX), osteopontin (OPN), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP). The follow-up period ranged mainly from baseline to 45 days, although one study had an expanded follow-up period of up to 16 months. The results of the included studies comparing different BTMs were heterogeneous and qualitatively reported.
CONCLUSIONS
Current evidence continues to support the potential for BTMs to provide clinically useful information particularly for adjusting or standardizing the orthodontic stimulus. The present systematic review has retrieved studies of high, overall, risk of bias, and has unveiled a substantial clinical and methodological heterogeneity among included studies. Further data of the relationships between the clinical assays and the physiological or pre-analytical factors contributing to variability in BTMs' concentrations are required.
SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION
CRD42020212056 .
Topics: Biomarkers; Bone Remodeling; Cross-Sectional Studies; Gingival Crevicular Fluid; Humans; Tooth Movement Techniques
PubMed: 34983635
DOI: 10.1186/s13643-021-01860-w -
Bioscience Reports Aug 2021Evaluation of the feasibility for osteopontin (OPN) to serve as a biomarker in the prognosis and clinical-pathological features of prostate cancer (PCA) patients. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Evaluation of the feasibility for osteopontin (OPN) to serve as a biomarker in the prognosis and clinical-pathological features of prostate cancer (PCA) patients.
METHODS
The original publications related to OPN and PCA were comprehensively searched in the online databases, including PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, Medline, Wanfang and China National Knowledge Infrastructure up to August 2019. Results were analyzed by Revman 5.3 and Stata 12.0.
RESULTS
A total of 21 studies were included in the analysis and the result showed that the positive OPN expression group had a lower overall survival than the negative expression group (univariate: hazards ratio (HR) = 2.32, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) [1.74, 3.10], multivariate: HR = 2.41, 95% CI [1.63, 3.57]) and a lower biochemical relapse-free survival than the negative group (univariate: HR = 1.42, 95% CI [0.92, 2.17], multivariate: HR = 1.61, 95% CI [1.39, 1.87]). In addition, there was a higher expression level of OPN in PCA tissues than in normal prostate tissues (OR = 46.55, 95% CI [12.85, 168.59], P<0.00001) and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) tissues (OR = 11.07, 95% CI [3.43, 35.75], P<0.0001). Moreover, OPN positive expression was also related to high Gleason score (OR = 2.64, 95% CI [1.49, 4.70], P=0.0009), high TNM stage (OR = 3.15, 95% CI [1.60, 6.20, P=0.0009), high Whitmore-Jewett stage (OR = 2.53, 95% CI [1.06, 6.03], P=0.04), high lymph node (OR = 3.69, 95% CI [1.88, 7.23], P=0.0001), and distant metastasis (OR = 8.10, 95% CI [2.94, 22.35], P=0.01). There was no difference observed in the differentiation of PCA (OR = 1.79, 95% CI [0.39, 8.33], P=0.46).
CONCLUSION
OPN could be recognized as a promising diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for PCA patients.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Kallikreins; Male; Middle Aged; Neoplasm Grading; Neoplasm Metastasis; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neoplasm Staging; Osteopontin; Predictive Value of Tests; Progression-Free Survival; Prostate-Specific Antigen; Prostatic Neoplasms; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Young Adult
PubMed: 33635319
DOI: 10.1042/BSR20203531 -
Reproduction (Cambridge, England) Apr 2021Proteomic approaches have been widely used in reproductive studies to uncover protein biomarkers of bull fertility. Seminal plasma is one of the most relevant sources of...
Proteomic approaches have been widely used in reproductive studies to uncover protein biomarkers of bull fertility. Seminal plasma is one of the most relevant sources of these proteins that may influence sperm physiology. Nonetheless, there are still gaps in existing knowledge in the functional attributes of seminal proteins. Thus, we reviewed the relationships between seminal plasma proteins and bull fertility by conducting a systematic review with data obtained from 71 studies. This review showed that the associations related to fertility improvement with the use of total seminal plasma proteins are still controversial. None of the studies explored the sperm fertilizing ability following these interactions. By contrast, the exposure to a single protein, such as osteopontin, binder of sperm proteins, and heparin binding proteins, can increment sperm motility, capacitation, and fertilizing ability by modulating intracellular calcium concentrations, removing lipids from sperm membranes, and regulating the acrosome reaction. Variations in protein analyses and the protein contents and their abundances between animals contributed to the difficulty of establishing protein biomarkers of fertilizing potential of the bull sperm. Indeed, the heterogenicity of methodologies was a limitation of this review. Standardized methods of seminal protein analyses, as well as sperm endpoints, may minimize such discrepancies. In conclusion, potential biomarkers of sperm parameters are still to be established. Future studies should evaluate protein isoforms and how they interact with sperm to ascertain their biological functions.
Topics: Animals; Cattle; Fertility; Male; Reproduction; Seminal Plasma Proteins
PubMed: 33606662
DOI: 10.1530/REP-20-0392 -
Food Science & Nutrition Jan 2021This systematic review aimed at investigating longitudinal changes in human milk bioactive protein concentrations in Chinese population. Both English and Chinese... (Review)
Review
This systematic review aimed at investigating longitudinal changes in human milk bioactive protein concentrations in Chinese population. Both English and Chinese databases were searched. The data were pooled into six defined lactation stages. Weighted means of protein concentrations in each stage and the statistical significance of means of different lactation stages were calculated. The data of 11 bioactive proteins were retrieved. Concentrations of sIgA, IgM, and IgG decreased sharply during the first 14 days of lactation. The levels of α-lactalbumin, lactoferrin, and β-casein also decreased throughout lactation. Conversely, lysozyme levels increased over lactation. The changing patterns of the serum albumin, osteopontin, and bile salt-stimulated lipase (BSSL) were not conclusive. This study represents the most comprehensive summary of bioactive proteins in Chinese human milk. In the future, mass spectrometry-based analysis of human milk proteomics may be used to investigate the longitudinal changes of many more bioactive proteins.
PubMed: 33473267
DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2061 -
Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer... May 2021Extracellular matrix molecules (ECMM) expression during tertiary dentinogenesis provides useful information for regenerative applications and efficacy of pulp capping... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Extracellular matrix molecules (ECMM) expression during tertiary dentinogenesis provides useful information for regenerative applications and efficacy of pulp capping materials.
AIM
To identify and review the expression and roles of non-collagenous ECMM after successful direct pulp capping (DPC), following mechanical pulp exposures, via immunohistochemistry (IHC). The study addressed the question of where will successful DPC impact the IHC expression of these molecules.
DATA SOURCES
In vivo animal and human original clinical studies reporting on ECMM in relation to different follow-up periods were screened and evaluated via descriptive analysis. The electronic literature search was carried out in three databases (MEDLINE/PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus), followed by manual screening of relevant journals and cross-referencing, up to December 2018.
STUDY ELIGIBILITY CRITERIA, PARTICIPANTS, AND INTERVENTIONS
Randomized and non-randomized controlled trials, conducted in humans and animals, were selected. Histological evidence for tertiary dentine formation was a prerequisite for IHC evaluation.
STUDY APPRAISAL AND SYNTHESIS METHODS
The methodological quality of the included articles was independently assessed using the Systematic Review Centre for Laboratory animal Experimentation (SYRCLE) and the Cochrane risk of bias tool (RoB 1), respectively.
RESULTS
From a total of 1534 identified studies, 18 were included. Thirteen papers evaluated animal subjects and five studies were carried out on humans. In animals and humans, fibronectin and tenascin expressions were detected in pulp and odontoblast-like cells (OLC); dentine sialoprotein was expressed in both soft and newly-formed mineralized tissue. In animals, bone sialoprotein was early expressed, in association with OLC and predentin; the immunoreactivity for dentine sialophosphoprotein and dentine matrix protein-1 was associated with the OLC and dentine bridge; osteopontin was expressed in OLC, predentine and reparative dentine. A considerable heterogeneity was found in the methodologies of the included studies, as well as interspecies variability of results in terms of time.
CONCLUSIONS AND IMPLICATIONS OF KEY FINDINGS
Within the limited scientific evidence, all non-collagenous ECMM expressions during tertiary dentinogenesis are active and related to soft and hard tissues. There is a shortage of human studies, and future research directions should focus more on them. PROSPERO Protocol: CRD42019121304.
Topics: Animals; Dental Pulp; Dental Pulp Capping; Dentin, Secondary; Dentinogenesis; Extracellular Matrix; Humans; Odontoblasts
PubMed: 33400977
DOI: 10.1016/j.aanat.2020.151674