-
Epilepsy & Behavior : E&B Jul 2024The effects of levetiracetam (LEV) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism are currently inconclusive, and this study was designed to answer this question. (Review)
Review
PURPOSE
The effects of levetiracetam (LEV) on bone mineral density (BMD) and bone metabolism are currently inconclusive, and this study was designed to answer this question.
METHODS
Citations from PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases (up to February 4, 2024) were reviewed. The effects of LEV on BMD as well as bone metabolism indicators were measured by calculating the standardized mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI). This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42024509560).
RESULTS
A total of 612 individuals from 13 studies were included in the present analysis. Of the items related to bone metabolism, LEV was found to be associated significantly with decreased serum calcium with an SMD of -0.47 (95 % CI, -0.77- -0.16; p = 0.04). However, changes in other markers (including serum phosphorus, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, alkaline phosphatase, and parathyroid hormone) were not statistically significantly correlated with the use of LEV (p > 0.05). Also, when compared to the control groups, the changes in BMD of the observation groups were not significant (p > 0.05).
CONCLUSIONS
The use of LEV may significantly reduce serum calcium in patients with epilepsy, and regular monitoring of bone metabolism-related indicators is recommended.
PubMed: 38959743
DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2024.109925 -
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome Jun 2024Clinical evidence for early identification and diagnosis of liver cirrhosis (LC) caused by different types of liver disease is limited. We investigated this topic...
BACKGROUND AND AIM
Clinical evidence for early identification and diagnosis of liver cirrhosis (LC) caused by different types of liver disease is limited. We investigated this topic through a meta-analysis of quantitative metabolomics.
METHODS
Four databases were searched until October 31, 2022 for studies comparing metabolite levels between patients with different types of liver disease and control individuals. A random-effects model was applied for the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
This study included 55 studies with 8266 clinical participants, covering 348 metabolites. In LC related to drug-induced liver injury (DILI), hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the primary bile acid biosynthesis (taurocholic acid: SMD, 1.08[0.81, 1.35]; P < 0.00001; glycocholic acid: SMD, 1.35[1.07, 1.62]; P < 0.00001; taurochenodeoxycholic acid: SMD, 1.36[0.94, 1.78]; P < 0.00001; glycochenodeoxycholic acid: SMD, 1.49[0.93, 2.06]; P < 0.00001), proline and arginine (l-proline: SMD, 1.06[0.53, 1.58]; P < 0.0001; hydroxyproline: SMD, 0.81[0.30, 1.33]; P = 0.002), and fatty acid biosynthesis (palmitic acid: SMD, 0.44[0.21, 0.67]; P = 0.0002; oleic acid: SMD, 0.46[0.19, 0.73]; P = 0.0008; stearic acid: SMD, 0.37[0.07, 0.68]; P = 0.02) metabolic pathways were significantly altered.
CONCLUSION
We identified key biomarkers and metabolic characteristics for distinguishing and identifying LC related to different types of liver disease, providing a new perspective for early diagnosis, disease monitoring, and precise treatment.
PubMed: 38959546
DOI: 10.1016/j.dsx.2024.103068 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To identify and prioritize research questions for anticoagulation and hemostasis management of neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation...
Priorities for Clinical Research in Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation From the Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
OBJECTIVES
To identify and prioritize research questions for anticoagulation and hemostasis management of neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) from the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE) consensus.
DATA SOURCES
Systematic review was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021, followed by serial consensus conferences of international, interprofessional experts in the management of ECMO for critically ill neonates and children.
STUDY SELECTION
The management of ECMO anticoagulation for critically ill neonates and children.
DATA EXTRACTION
Within each of the eight subgroups, two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving any conflicts.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Following the systematic review of MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library databases from January 1988 to May 2021, and the consensus process for clinical recommendations and consensus statements, PEACE panel experts constructed research priorities using the Child Health and Nutrition Research Initiative methodology. Twenty research topics were prioritized, falling within five domains (definitions and outcomes, therapeutics, anticoagulant monitoring, protocolized management, and impact of the ECMO circuit and its components on hemostasis).
CONCLUSIONS
We present the research priorities identified by the PEACE expert panel after a systematic review of existing evidence informing clinical care of neonates and children managed with ECMO. More research is required within the five identified domains to ultimately inform and improve the care of this vulnerable population.
Topics: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Anticoagulants; Child; Infant, Newborn; Critical Illness; Biomedical Research; Infant; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38959362
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003488 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications during pediatric extracorporeal...
Management of Bleeding and Thrombotic Complications During Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
The management of bleeding and thrombotic complications of ECMO.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving conflicts. Twelve references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric ECMO patients. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. Two good practice statements, 5 weak recommendations, and 18 consensus statements are presented.
CONCLUSIONS
Although bleeding and thrombotic complications during pediatric ECMO remain common, limited definitive data exist to support an evidence-based approach to treating these complications. Research is needed to improve hemostatic management of children supported with ECMO.
Topics: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Thrombosis; Hemorrhage; Child; Delphi Technique; Anticoagulants; Consensus
PubMed: 38959361
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003489 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic review-informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the management of children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) undergoing invasive...
Management of Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation in the Perioperative Period: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic review-informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the management of children on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) undergoing invasive procedures or interventions developed by the Pediatric Anticoagulation on ECMO CollaborativE (PEACE) Consensus Conference.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
ECMO anticoagulation and hemostasis management in the perioperative period and during procedures.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving any conflicts. Seventeen references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric ECMO patients. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. Four good practice statements, 7 recommendations, and 18 consensus statements are presented.
CONCLUSIONS
Although agreement among experts was strong, important future research is required in this population for evidence-informed recommendations.
Topics: Humans; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Anticoagulants; Child; Delphi Technique; Perioperative Period; Consensus; Perioperative Care; Hemorrhage; Thrombosis
PubMed: 38959360
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003490 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding antifibrinolytic and adjunct hemostatic agents in neonates and children supported with...
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding antifibrinolytic and adjunct hemostatic agents in neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE consensus conference.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Use of antifibrinolytics (epsilon-aminocaproic acid [EACA] or tranexamic acid), recombinant factor VII activated (rFVIIa), or topical hemostatic agents (THAs).
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving conflicts. Eleven references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for the management of bleeding and thrombotic complications in pediatric ECMO patients. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. One weak recommendation and three consensus statements are presented.
CONCLUSIONS
Evidence supporting recommendations for administration of antifibrinolytics (EACA or tranexamic acid), rFVIIa, and THAs were sparse and inconclusive. Much work remains to determine effective and safe usage strategies.
Topics: Humans; Antifibrinolytic Agents; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Child; Hemostatics; Delphi Technique; Tranexamic Acid; Factor VIIa; Recombinant Proteins; Infant, Newborn; Aminocaproic Acid; Hemorrhage; Anticoagulants; Infant; Consensus
PubMed: 38959359
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003491 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding monitoring and replacement of specific coagulation factors during pediatric extracorporeal...
Recommendations on Monitoring and Replacement of Antithrombin, Fibrinogen, and Von Willebrand Factor in Pediatric Patients on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding monitoring and replacement of specific coagulation factors during pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2020, with an update in May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Included studies assessed monitoring and replacement of antithrombin, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor in pediatric ECMO support.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with conflicts resolved by a third reviewer if required. Twenty-nine references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. A panel of 48 experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was defined as greater than 80% agreement. We developed one weak recommendation and four expert consensus statements.
CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence to formulate recommendations on monitoring and replacement of antithrombin, fibrinogen, and von Willebrand factor in pediatric patients on ECMO. Optimal monitoring and parameters for replacement of key hemostasis parameters is largely unknown.
Topics: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Fibrinogen; Antithrombins; Child; von Willebrand Factor; Delphi Technique; Anticoagulants
PubMed: 38959358
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003492 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding prophylactic transfusions in neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane...
Prophylactic Transfusion Strategies in Children Supported by Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation: The Pediatric Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Anticoagulation CollaborativE Consensus Conference.
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding prophylactic transfusions in neonates and children supported with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) from the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2020, with an update in May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Included studies assessed use of prophylactic blood product transfusion in pediatric ECMO.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving conflicts. Thirty-three references were used for data extraction and informed recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS
The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-informed recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements or good practice statements for prophylactic transfusion strategies for children supported with ECMO. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research And Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was based on a modified Delphi process with agreement defined as greater than 80%. We developed two good practice statements, 4 weak recommendations, and three expert consensus statements.
CONCLUSIONS
Despite the frequency with which pediatric ECMO patients are transfused, there is insufficient evidence to formulate evidence-based prophylactic transfusion strategies.
Topics: Humans; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Child; Blood Transfusion; Delphi Technique; Infant, Newborn; Infant; Consensus; Child, Preschool
PubMed: 38959357
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003493 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding anticoagulation monitoring assays and target levels in pediatric extracorporeal membrane...
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding anticoagulation monitoring assays and target levels in pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE.
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Anticoagulation monitoring of pediatric patients on ECMO.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third independent reviewer resolving any conflicts. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool or the revised Cochrane risk of bias for randomized trials, as appropriate and the evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-based recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements for clinical recommendations focused on anticoagulation monitoring and targets, using a web-based modified Delphi process to build consensus (defined as > 80% agreement). One weak recommendation, two consensus statements, and three good practice statements were developed and, in all, agreement greater than 80% was reached. We also derived some resources for anticoagulation monitoring for ECMO clinician use at the bedside.
CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence to formulate optimal anticoagulation monitoring during pediatric ECMO, but we propose one recommendation, two consensus and three good practice statements. Overall, the available pediatric evidence is poor and significant gaps exist in the literature.
Topics: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Anticoagulants; Delphi Technique; Child; Drug Monitoring; Consensus
PubMed: 38959356
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003494 -
Pediatric Critical Care Medicine : a... Jul 2024To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the medications used for anticoagulation for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation...
OBJECTIVES
To derive systematic-review informed, modified Delphi consensus regarding the medications used for anticoagulation for pediatric extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) for the Pediatric ECMO Anticoagulation CollaborativE (PEACE).
DATA SOURCES
A structured literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, and Cochrane Library (CENTRAL) databases from January 1988 to May 2021.
STUDY SELECTION
Included studies assessed anticoagulation used in pediatric ECMO.
DATA EXTRACTION
Two authors reviewed all citations independently, with a third reviewer adjudicating any conflicts. Eighteen references were used for data extraction as well as for creation of recommendations. Evidence tables were constructed using a standardized data extraction form.
DATA SYNTHESIS
Risk of bias was assessed using the Quality in Prognosis Studies tool. The evidence was evaluated using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation system. Forty-eight experts met over 2 years to develop evidence-informed recommendations and, when evidence was lacking, expert-based consensus statements, or good practice statements for anticoagulation during pediatric ECMO. A web-based modified Delphi process was used to build consensus via the Research and Development/University of California Appropriateness Method. Consensus was based on a modified Delphi process with agreement defined as greater than 80%. Two recommendations, two consensus statements, and one good practice statement were developed, and, in all, agreement greater than 80% was reached.
CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence to formulate optimal anticoagulation therapy during pediatric ECMO. Additional high-quality research is needed to inform evidence-based practice for anticoagulation during pediatric ECMO.
Topics: Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; Humans; Anticoagulants; Delphi Technique; Child; Consensus
PubMed: 38959355
DOI: 10.1097/PCC.0000000000003495