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Lipids in Health and Disease May 2024Cancer prognosis remains a critical clinical challenge. Lipidomic analysis via mass spectrometry (MS) offers the potential for objective prognostic prediction,... (Review)
Review
Cancer prognosis remains a critical clinical challenge. Lipidomic analysis via mass spectrometry (MS) offers the potential for objective prognostic prediction, leveraging the distinct lipid profiles of cancer patient-derived specimens. This review aims to systematically summarize the application of MS-based lipidomic analysis in prognostic prediction for cancer patients. Our systematic review summarized 38 studies from the past decade that attempted prognostic prediction of cancer patients through lipidomics. Commonly analyzed cancers included colorectal, prostate, and breast cancers. Liquid (serum and urine) and tissue samples were equally used, with liquid chromatography-tandem MS being the most common analytical platform. The most frequently evaluated prognostic outcomes were overall survival, stage, and recurrence. Thirty-eight lipid markers (including phosphatidylcholine, ceramide, triglyceride, lysophosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine, diacylglycerol, phosphatidic acid, phosphatidylserine, lysophosphatidylethanolamine, lysophosphatidic acid, dihydroceramide, prostaglandin, sphingosine-1-phosphate, phosphatidylinosito, fatty acid, glucosylceramide and lactosylceramide) were identified as prognostic factors, demonstrating potential for clinical application. In conclusion, the potential for developing lipidomics in cancer prognostic prediction was demonstrated. However, the field is still nascent, necessitating future studies for validating and establishing lipid markers as reliable prognostic tools in clinical practice.
Topics: Humans; Prognosis; Neoplasms; Lipidomics; Biomarkers, Tumor; Mass Spectrometry; Female; Lipids; Male; Breast Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Lysophospholipids; Colorectal Neoplasms
PubMed: 38796445
DOI: 10.1186/s12944-024-02121-0 -
PloS One 2024To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
To systematically evaluate the safety and efficacy of antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).
METHODS
Randomized controlled trials and prospective studies on antioxidant therapy in children and adolescents with ADHD were searched in PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library from the inception of databases to November 12, 2022. Two investigators independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Network meta-analysis (PROSPERO registration number CRD 42023382824) was carried out by using R Studio 4.2.1.
RESULTS
48 studies involving 12 antioxidant drugs (resveratrol, pycnogenol, omega-3, omega-6, quercetin, phosphatidylserine, almond, vitamin D, zinc, folic acid, ginkgo biloba, Acetyl-L-carnitine) were finally included, with 3,650 patients. Network meta-analysis showed that omega-6 (0.18), vitamin D (0.19), and quercetin (0.24) were the top three safest drugs according to SUCRA. The omega-3 (SUCRA 0.35), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.36), and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.27) were the most effective in improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners' parent rating scale (CPRS), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity, and total score of Conners' teacher rating scale (CTRS), pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), phosphatidylserine+omega-3 (SUCRA 0.26), and zinc (SUCRA 0.34) were the most effective, respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Parent, the optimal agents were phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.39), resveratrol+MPH (SUCRA 0.24), and phosphatidylserine (SUCRA 0.34), respectively. In terms of improving attention, hyperactivity and total score of ADHD Rating Scale-Teacher, pycnogenol (SUCRA 0.32), vitamin D (SUCRA 0.31) and vitamin D (SUCRA 0.18) were the optimal agents, respectively. The response rate of omega-3+6 was the highest in CGI (SUCRA 0.95) and CPT (SUCRA 0.42).
CONCLUSION
The rankings of safety and efficacy of the 12 antioxidants vary. Due to the low methodological quality of the included studies, the probability ranking cannot fully explain the clinical efficacy, and the results need to be interpreted with caution. More high-quality studies are still needed to verify our findings.
Topics: Child; Humans; Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Antioxidants; Network Meta-Analysis; Resveratrol; Quercetin; Prospective Studies; Phosphatidylserines; Fatty Acids, Omega-3; Vitamin D; Zinc
PubMed: 38547138
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296926 -
Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and... 2023In patients with SCD, chronic liver damage is a common manifestation. More than 50% of SCD patients have elevated liver enzymes. Common underlying aetiologies include... (Review)
Review
In patients with SCD, chronic liver damage is a common manifestation. More than 50% of SCD patients have elevated liver enzymes. Common underlying aetiologies include sickle cell hepatic crisis, viral hepatitis, sickle cell intrahepatic cholestasis and hepatic sequestration in the acute setting, and cholelithiasis and iron overload in the chronic setting. Autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) is a rare disease that appears to occur more commonly in the sickle cell disease (SCD) population than in the general population. There are many schools of thought as to why this is the case, including the phosphatidylserine hypothesis, the heme inflammatory hypothesis, the complement generation hypothesis, and the transfusion alloimmunization hypothesis. Due to the natural history of the two illnesses, SCD is almost always diagnosed first in cases of dual pathology. Symptoms such as jaundice, fatigue, and abdominal pain are common in SCD, as are abnormal liver function tests (LFTs). These abnormalities, attributed to the other more frequent liver involvements in SCD, can lead to delays in AIH diagnosis in this population. Corticosteroids, sometimes with other immunosuppressive agents, such as azathioprine, are the cornerstone of acute AIH treatment. However, corticosteroid use in the SCD population has been shown to carry an increased risk of vaso-occlusive crises, providing a treatment dilemma. The following is a review of AIH in the SCD population, where we explore the pathophysiology behind the association between the two disorders, discuss an approach to investigating abnormal LFTs in SCD, and examine treatment options in this population with co-existing diseases.
PubMed: 38028400
DOI: 10.4084/MJHID.2023.060 -
Central Nervous System Agents in... 2023The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, with a high and constant demand for inputs. Adequate nutrition is essential for the complete functioning of the...
INTRODUCTION
The brain is the most complex organ in the human body, with a high and constant demand for inputs. Adequate nutrition is essential for the complete functioning of the brain, not only due to the energy supply, mainly from carbohydrates, but also due to the adequate supply of other macronutrients and micronutrients for the synthesis of neurotransmitters and protein components. Vitamins, minerals, and other components of the diet also constitute the so-called "neuro-nutrients".
OBJECTIVE
It was to develop a systematic review to highlight key neuro-nutrients and clinical studies that direct strategies for adequate nutritional status.
METHODS
The rules of the Systematic Review-PRISMA Platform were followed. The research was carried out from October 2021 to February 2022 and developed based on Scopus, PubMed, Science Direct, Scielo, and Google Scholar. The quality of the studies was based on the GRADE instrument and the risk of bias was analyzed according to the Cochrane instrument.
RESULTS
A total of 234 articles were found and 167 articles were evaluated in full, and 118 were included and evaluated in the present study. According to the GRADE instrument, most studies (>50%) followed a controlled clinical study model and had a good methodological design. The overall assessment resulted in 54 studies with a high risk of bias to the small sample size. The most important macronutrients in neuro-nutrition are phosphatidylserine and tryptophan. Micronutrients are methyl folate, vitamins B6 and B12, magnesium, arginine, choline, and niacin.
CONCLUSION
The areas of neurology and psychiatry have shown great advances regarding the deepening of knowledge in prophylaxis and pathophysiology, as well as in the treatment of established diseases. The recognition of the role of nutrition as an adjunct to these processes is currently growing. The search in scientific bases for neuro nutrients reveals a great growth of publications related to this theme. In the present text, some of these nutrients were explored to verify the current state of knowledge.
Topics: Humans; Vitamins; Minerals; Micronutrients; Nutrients; Brain
PubMed: 36411563
DOI: 10.2174/1871524923666221121123937 -
European Journal of Medical Research Sep 2022Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a severe idiopathic disorder of bile metabolism; however, the etiology and pathogenesis of ICP remain unclear. (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a severe idiopathic disorder of bile metabolism; however, the etiology and pathogenesis of ICP remain unclear.
AIMS
This study comprehensively reviewed metabolomics studies related to ICP, to help in identifying the pathophysiological changes of ICP and evaluating the potential application of metabolomics in its diagnosis.
METHODS
Relevant articles were searched through 2 online databases (PubMed and Web of Science) from January 2000 to March 2022. The metabolites involved were systematically examined and compared. Pathway analysis was conducted through the online software MetaboAnalyst 5.0.
RESULTS
A total of 14 papers reporting 212 metabolites were included in this study. There were several highly reported metabolites: bile acids, such as glycocholic acid, taurochenodeoxycholic acid, taurocholic acid, tauroursodeoxycholic acid, and glycochenodeoxycholic acid. Dysregulation of metabolic pathways involved bile acid metabolism and lipid metabolism. Metabolites related to lipid metabolism include phosphatidylcholine, phosphorylcholine, phosphatidylserine, sphingomyelin, and ceramide.
CONCLUSIONS
This study provides a systematic review of metabolomics of ICP and deepens our understanding of the etiology of ICP.
Topics: Bile Acids and Salts; Cholestasis, Intrahepatic; Female; Humans; Metabolomics; Pregnancy; Pregnancy Complications
PubMed: 36104763
DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00802-z -
Thrombosis Research Oct 2022
Meta-Analysis
Role of anti-phosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies in antiphospholipid syndrome: Still matter of debate. Comment on: "Prevalence of aPhosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and association with antiphospholipid antibody profiles in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review...
Topics: Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Humans; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Phosphatidylserines; Prevalence; Prothrombin
PubMed: 36057166
DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.08.012 -
PloS One 2022A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted comparing the presence of anti-phospholipid (anti-PL) antibodies between women of reproductive age, without diagnosis... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Presence of antiphospholipid antibodies is associated with increased implantation failure following in vitro fertilization technique and embryo transfer: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
PURPOSE
A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted comparing the presence of anti-phospholipid (anti-PL) antibodies between women of reproductive age, without diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome, who experienced at least two implantation failures following in vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET), and either women who had a successful implantation after IVF-ET or women with at least one successful spontaneous pregnancy or unselected healthy fertile women with no history of IVF-ET.
METHODS
Systematic search of the literature and meta-analysis of the relevant studies studying presence of antiphospholipid antibodies in women experiencing at least two implantation failures in IVF-ET as compared to either women who had a successful implantation after IVF-ET or/and women with at least one successful spontaneous pregnancy or unselected healthy fertile women with no history of IVF-ET. Six hundred ninety-four published reports were retrieved; 17 of them fulfilled the inclusion criteria set.
RESULTS
Presence of either any type of anti-phospholipid or anticardiolipin antibodies or lupus-anticoagulant in women experiencing at least two implantation failures in IVF-ET was associated with increased implantation failure compared to women who had a successful implantation after IVF-ET (relative risk, RR: 3.06, 5.06 and 5.81, respectively). Presence of either anticardiolipin or lupus-anticoagulant or anti-beta2 glycoprotein-I or anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies in women experiencing at least two implantation failures in IVF-EΤ was associated with increased implantation failure compared to unselected healthy fertile women with no history of IVF-ET (RR:13.92, 6.37, 15.04 and 164.58, respectively).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies, particularly that of anti-beta2 glycoprotein-I and anti-phosphatidylserine antibodies, in women experiencing at least two implantation failures in IVF-ET without diagnosis of antiphospholipid syndrome is significantly greater than either in women who had a successful implantation after IVF-ET or women with at least one successful spontaneous pregnancy or unselected healthy fertile women with no history of IVF-ET.
TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER
PROSPERO ID: CRD42018081458.
Topics: Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Anticoagulants; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Embryo Implantation; Embryo Transfer; Female; Fertilization in Vitro; Humans; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; Pregnancy; beta 2-Glycoprotein I
PubMed: 35895635
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0260759 -
Thrombosis Research Jun 2022Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and thrombotic events. The association of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Prevalence of aPhosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies and association with antiphospholipid antibody profiles in patients with antiphospholipid syndrome: A systematic review and meta-analysis.
BACKGROUND
Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an autoimmune disorder characterized by the presence of antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs) and thrombotic events. The association of aPLs with thrombotic events depends on the number of positive tests. Besides the three classical tests to classify APS, phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex autoantibodies (aPS/PT) are increasingly used to better define this condition. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the prevalence of aPS/PT in general and according to antiphospholipid antibody profiles in patients with APS.
METHODS
A systematic search of PubMed, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library from January 1990 to September 2021 was carried out according to PRISMA guidelines. Proportions and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using random-effects model. Publication biases were evaluated via visualization of funnel plots along with Egger's and Begg's tests.
RESULTS
Twenty-one articles about the prevalence of aPS/PT in 1853 patients with APS were deemed eligible and analyzed according to the inclusion criteria. Pooled prevalence of aPS/PT IgG alone, IgM alone, and IgG/M were 50.0%, 45.0%, and 65.0%, respectively. No significant publication bias was detected from funnel plots or Egger's and Begg's tests. When the prevalence of aPS/PT was calculated in homogeneous aPLs, a much higher rate of pooled prevalence of aPS/PT IgG/M in patients positive for Lupus Anticoagulant (84.5%) and in those with triple positivity (83.4%) was found.
CONCLUSIONS
These data show a high rate of aPS/PT positivity in patients with APS (especially in those positive for LAC) but further studies are needed to ascertain whether this test might be useful in the laboratory classification criteria of APS.
Topics: Antibodies, Antiphospholipid; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Humans; Immunoglobulin G; Phosphatidylserines; Prevalence; Prothrombin; Thrombosis
PubMed: 35526513
DOI: 10.1016/j.thromres.2022.04.021 -
Journal of Alternative and... Apr 2021To examine the evidence for efficacy of phosphatidylserine for symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Medline, Cochrane Library, and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
To examine the evidence for efficacy of phosphatidylserine for symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in children. Medline, Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched from inception through August 2020. Studies of any design that assessed phosphatidylserine supplementation for children aged ≤18 years with a diagnosis of ADHD were included in the systematic review; only randomized clinical trials were included in the meta-analysis. Standardized mean differences and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated, and the heterogeneity of the studies was estimated using . The overall quality of the evidence was assessed using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation tool. Four studies met the inclusion criteria for the narrative review ( = 344) and three for the meta-analysis ( = 216). Results of the meta-analysis showed a statistically significant effect of 200-300 mg/day of phosphatidylserine on symptoms of inattention relative to placebo (effect size [ES] 0.36; 95% CI: 0.07 to 0.64; = 0.01). The effects of phosphatidylserine on overall symptoms of ADHD (ES 0.76; 95% CI: -0.07 to 1.60; = 0.07) and hyperactivity-impulsivity (ES 0.24; 95% CI: -0.04 to 0.53; = 0.09) were not statistically significant. Preliminary evidence suggests that phosphatidylserine may be effective for reducing symptoms of inattention in children with ADHD, although the quality of the evidence is low and additional research in this area is warranted.
Topics: Adolescent; Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity; Child; Child, Preschool; Humans; Integrative Medicine; Phosphatidylserines; Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
PubMed: 33539192
DOI: 10.1089/acm.2020.0432 -
Thrombosis and Haemostasis Apr 2020The aim of the study is to perform a systematic review on the recent available evidence on antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies and their...
OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study is to perform a systematic review on the recent available evidence on antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin (aPS/PT) antibodies and their association with clinical manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).
METHODS
A detailed literature search was applied to Ovid MEDLINE, In-Process and Other Non-Indexed Citation 2012 to present and to abstract from EULAR and ACR/ARHP Annual Meetings (2012-2019).
RESULTS
Data from 2,901 patients, 587 diseases controls and 559 healthy controls included in 15 retrieved studies was analyzed. The patient population included 1,219 patients classified as APS according to the Sidney criteria, 285 patients with isolated persistently positive antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL) and 1,397 patients with a clinical suspicion of APS. Twelve studies, including 1,888 patients, analyzed the association between aPS/PT antibodies and thrombosis. We observed a statistically significant association between aPS/PT IgG/IgM positivity and thrombotic events (mean odds ratio [OR]: 6.8 [95% CI: 3.18-16.4], < 0.05), confirmed when analyzing aPS/PT IgG (mean OR: 6.7 [95% CI: 3.04-21.6], < 0.05) and aPS/PT IgM (mean OR: 4.35 [95% CI: 1.54-17.77], 0.05) separately. Seven studies, including 1,388 patients, evaluated the association between aPS/PT antibodies and PM. When pooled together, we found a statistically significant association between any PM and aPS/PT IgG/IgM positivity (mean OR: 10.6 [95% CI: 3.54-35.38], 0.05), particularly aPS/PT IgG positivity (mean OR: 6.7 [95% CI: 3.04-21.6], 0.05).
CONCLUSION
Our results highlight the strong association between aPS/PT and the clinical manifestations of APS. With the available level of evidence, aPS/PT testing can be considered as a robust test applicable in the investigation of patients suspected for APS, also beyond the research settings.
Topics: Animals; Antiphospholipid Syndrome; Autoantibodies; Humans; Phosphatidylserines; Prothrombin; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Thrombosis
PubMed: 32185783
DOI: 10.1055/s-0040-1705115