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PM & R : the Journal of Injury,... Nov 2014To provide a systematic review of apps for smartphones validated for body position measurement relevant to physical medicine and rehabilitation. TYPE: Systematic search... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To provide a systematic review of apps for smartphones validated for body position measurement relevant to physical medicine and rehabilitation. TYPE: Systematic search and review.
LITERATURE SURVEY
A literature search was conducted on relevant articles indexed by PubMed before April 15, 2014. We selected only research papers published in English. Papers dealing with apps not relevant to physical medicine and rehabilitation or unavailable on the market were excluded.
METHODOLOGY
Two independent reviewers screened the articles (full text).We analyzed the following information for all apps: target population, object of the measure, body segment evaluated, modality of use, operating platform system, and validation results.
SYNTHESIS
The literature search produced 27 papers, 17 of which met the inclusion criteria for our review. The included papers featured 12 apps validated for angle measurement: 7 were validated exclusively for upper and lower limb joint angles, 4 for spine measurements, ie, cervical or lumbar range of motion and curvature, Cobb angle on radiographs, and the scoliotic distortions of the torso, and 1 for both upper limb and spine measurement. The 12 apps used the inbuilt smartphone magnetometer, accelerometer, or camera to produce angle measurements. Most of the studies assessed the smartphone-apps' reliability (calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients) and validity (showing the limits of agreement).
CONCLUSION
This review highlights the validated goniometer apps that physiatrists and other health care practitioners can use with confidence in research and clinical practice. We found 12 apps corresponding to these criteria, but there is a need for validation studies on available or new apps focused on goniometric measurement in dynamic conditions, eg, during gait or when performing therapeutic exercises.
Topics: Arthrometry, Articular; Cell Phone; Humans; Mobile Applications
PubMed: 24844445
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2014.05.003 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2005Many sports are associated with a variety of peripheral nervous system (PNS) injuries specific to that sport. A systematic review of sport-specific PNS injuries has not... (Review)
Review
Many sports are associated with a variety of peripheral nervous system (PNS) injuries specific to that sport. A systematic review of sport-specific PNS injuries has not been attempted previously, and will assist in the understanding of morbidities and mortality associated with particular sporting activities, either professional or amateur. A systematic review of the literature using PubMed (1965-2003) was performed examining all known sports and a range of possible PNS injuries attributable to that sport. Numerous sporting activities (53) were found to have associated PNS injuries. The sports most commonly reported with injuries were football, hockey, soccer, baseball and winter activities. There are a number of sporting activities with injuries unique to the individual sport. This review should be of assistance for the neurologist, neurosurgeon, orthopaedic surgeon, physiatrist, sports medicine doctor, athletic trainer and general physician in contact with athletes possessing neurological injuries.
Topics: Arm Injuries; Athletic Injuries; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Leg Injuries; Male; Nerve Compression Syndromes; Pelvis; Peripheral Nervous System; Peripheral Nervous System Diseases; Radiculopathy; Recreation; Spinal Nerves; Sports; Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
PubMed: 16076231
DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200535080-00004 -
Sports Medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) 2005Many sports have been associated with a variety of neurological injuries affecting the central nervous system (CNS), with some injuries specific to that sport. A... (Review)
Review
Many sports have been associated with a variety of neurological injuries affecting the central nervous system (CNS), with some injuries specific to that sport. A systematic review of sport-specific CNS injuries has not been attempted previously, and could assist in the understanding of morbidity and mortality associated with particular sporting activities, either professional or amateur. A systematic review of the literature was performed using PubMed (1965-2003) examining all known sports and a range of possible CNS injuries attributable to that sport. Numerous sporting activities (45) have associated CNS injuries as reported within the literature. The sports most commonly associated with CNS injuries are: football, boxing, hockey, use of a trampoline, and various winter activities. A number of sporting activities are associated with unique CNS injuries or injury-related diseases such as heat stroke in auto racing, vertebral artery dissection in the martial arts, and dementia pugilistica in boxing. Neurological injuries of the CNS due to sport comprise a wide collection of maladies that are important for the neurologist, neurosurgeon, orthopaedic surgeon, physiatrist, sports medicine doctor, athletic trainer and general physician to recognise.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Athletic Injuries; Automobile Driving; Central Nervous System; Central Nervous System Diseases; Child; Child, Preschool; Comorbidity; Female; Humans; Incidence; Male; Prevalence; Recreation; Sports
PubMed: 16076230
DOI: 10.2165/00007256-200535080-00003 -
The Canadian Journal of Neurological... Aug 2002A systematic review of the evidence pertaining to methylprednisolone infusion following acute spinal cord injury was conducted in order to address the persistent... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
A systematic review of the evidence pertaining to methylprednisolone infusion following acute spinal cord injury was conducted in order to address the persistent confusion about the utility of this treatment.
METHODS
A committee of neurosurgical and orthopedic spine specialists, emergency physicians and physiatrists engaged in active clinical practice conducted an electronic database search for articles about acute spinal cord injuries and steroids, from January 1, 1966 to April 2001, that was supplemented by a manual search of reference lists, requests for unpublished additional information, translations of foreign language references and study protocols from the author of a Cochrane systematic review and Pharmacia Inc. The evidence was graded and recommendations were developed by consensus.
RESULTS
One hundred and fifty-seven citations that specifically addressed spinal cord injuries and methylprednisolone were retrieved and 64 reviewed. Recommendations were based on one Cochrane systematic review, six Level I clinical studies and seven Level II clinical studies that addressed changes in neurological function and complications following methylprednisolone therapy.
CONCLUSIONS
There is insufficient evidence to support the use of high-dose methylprednisolone within eight hours following an acute closed spinal cord injury as a treatment standard or as a guideline for treatment. Methylprednisolone, prescribed as a bolus intravenous infusion of 30 mg per kilogram of body weight over fifteen minutes within eight hours of closed spinal cord injury, followed 45 minutes later by an infusion of 5.4 mg per kilogram of body weight per hour for 23 hours, is only a treatment option for which there is weak clinical evidence (Level I- to II-1). There is insufficient evidence to support extending methylprednisolone infusion beyond 23 hours if chosen as a treatment option.
Topics: Acute Disease; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Drug Administration Schedule; Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Injections, Intravenous; Methylprednisolone; Spinal Cord Injuries
PubMed: 12195611
DOI: 10.1017/s0317167100001992