-
Virology Journal May 2021In recent years, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have drawn attention as a novel therapy to various types of cancers, both in clinical and preclinical cancer studies all around... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
In recent years, oncolytic viruses (OVs) have drawn attention as a novel therapy to various types of cancers, both in clinical and preclinical cancer studies all around the world. Consequently, researchers have been actively working on enhancing cancer therapy since the early twentieth century. This study presents a systematic review of the literature on OVs, discusses underlying research clusters and, presents future directions of OVs research.
METHODS
A total of 1626 published articles related to OVs as cancer therapy were obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) database published between January 2000 and March 2020. Various aspects of OVs research, including the countries/territories, institutions, journals, authors, citations, research areas, and content analysis to find trending and emerging topics, were analysed using the bibliometrix package in the R-software.
RESULTS
In terms of the number of publications, the USA based researchers were the most productive (n = 611) followed by Chinese (n = 197), and Canadian (n = 153) researchers. The Molecular Therapy journal ranked first both in terms of the number of publications (n = 133) and local citations (n = 1384). The most prominent institution was Mayo Clinic from the USA (n = 117) followed by the University of Ottawa from Canada (n = 72), and the University of Helsinki from Finland (n = 63). The most impactful author was Bell J.C with the highest number of articles (n = 67) and total local citations (n = 885). The most impactful article was published in the Cell journal. In addition, the latest OVs research mainly builds on four research clusters.
CONCLUSION
The domain of OVs research has increased at a rapid rate from 2000 to 2020. Based on the synthesis of reviewed studies, adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, reovirus, and Newcastle disease virus have shown potent anti-cancer activity. Developed countries such as the USA, Canada, the UK, and Finland were the most productive, hence, contributed most to this field. Further collaboration will help improve the clinical research translation of this therapy and bring benefits to cancer patients worldwide.
Topics: Bibliometrics; Databases, Factual; Humans; Neoplasms; Oncolytic Virotherapy; Oncolytic Viruses
PubMed: 33980264
DOI: 10.1186/s12985-021-01571-7 -
Journal of Travel Medicine Apr 2021
Topics: Basic Reproduction Number; Humans; Lassa Fever; Lassa virus; Travel
PubMed: 33690795
DOI: 10.1093/jtm/taab029 -
BMC Medicine Dec 2020Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus poses a global public health threat given severe and fatal zoonotic infections since 1997 and ongoing A(H5N1) virus... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus poses a global public health threat given severe and fatal zoonotic infections since 1997 and ongoing A(H5N1) virus circulation among poultry in several countries. A comprehensive assessment of the seroprevalence of A(H5N1) virus antibodies remains a gap and limits understanding of the true risk of A(H5N1) virus infection.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of published serosurveys to assess the risk of subclinical and clinically mild A(H5N1) virus infections. We assessed A(H5N1) virus antibody titers and changes in titers among populations with variable exposures to different A(H5N1) viruses.
RESULTS
Across studies using the World Health Organization-recommended seropositive definition, the point estimates of the seroprevalence of A(H5N1) virus-specific antibodies were higher in poultry-exposed populations (range 0-0.6%) and persons exposed to both human A(H5N1) cases and infected birds (range 0.4-1.8%) than in close contacts of A(H5N1) cases or the general population (none to very low frequencies). Seroprevalence was higher in persons exposed to A(H5N1) clade 0 virus (1.9%, range 0.7-3.2%) than in participants exposed to other clades of A(H5N1) virus (range 0-0.5%) (p < 0.05). Seroprevalence was higher in poultry-exposed populations (range 0-1.9%) if such studies utilized antigenically similar A(H5N1) virus antigens in assays to A(H5N1) viruses circulating among poultry.
CONCLUSIONS
These low seroprevalences suggest that subclinical and clinically mild human A(H5N1) virus infections are uncommon. Standardized serological survey and laboratory methods are needed to fully understand the extent and risk of human A(H5N1) virus infections.
Topics: Animals; Birds; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype; Influenza in Birds; Influenza, Human; Seroepidemiologic Studies; Zoonoses
PubMed: 33261599
DOI: 10.1186/s12916-020-01836-y -
The Journal of Infectious Diseases Aug 2022The extent of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, including mild and asymptomatic infections, is uncertain. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The extent of human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus, including mild and asymptomatic infections, is uncertain.
METHODS
We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of serosurveys for avian influenza A(H7N9) virus infections in humans published during 2013-2020. Three seropositive definitions were assessed to estimate pooled seroprevalence, seroconversion rate, and seroincidence by types of exposures. We applied a scoring system to assess the quality of included studies.
RESULTS
Of 31 included studies, pooled seroprevalence of A(H7N9) virus antibodies from all participants was 0.02%, with poultry workers, close contacts, and general populations having seroprevalence of 0.1%, 0.2%, and 0.02%, respectively, based on the World Health Organization (WHO)-recommended definition. Although most infections were asymptomatic, evidence of infection was highest in poultry workers (5% seroconversion, 19.1% seroincidence per 100 person-years). Use of different virus clades did not significantly affect seroprevalence estimates. Most serological studies were of low to moderate quality and did not follow standardized seroepidemiological protocols or WHO-recommended laboratory methods.
CONCLUSIONS
Human infections with avian influenza A(H7N9) virus have been uncommon, especially for general populations. Workers with occupational exposures to poultry and close contacts of A(H7N9) human cases had low risks of infection.
Topics: Animals; Birds; China; Humans; Influenza A Virus, H7N9 Subtype; Influenza in Birds; Influenza, Human; Poultry; Seroepidemiologic Studies
PubMed: 33119755
DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiaa679 -
Clinical and Translational... Jul 2020Besides Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus, other viruses might play potential roles in gastric carcinogenesis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Besides Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus, other viruses might play potential roles in gastric carcinogenesis. This systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to compare the prevalence of the viruses between gastric cancer (GC) and any controls.
METHODS
Comprehensive literature was searched up to January 25, 2019, and search was updated on April 6, 2020. The studies that compared the prevalence of viruses other than Epstein-Barr virus between GC and healthy or nonmalignant controls were eligible. Stata 12.0 software was used for heterogeneity tests and meta-analyses. Meanwhile, subgroup analysis, sensitivity analysis, and publication bias evaluation were performed where applicable. The power (1-β) was estimated by the PASS 11 software for each individual study.
RESULTS
A total of 41 eligible studies were included, concerning 11 kinds of viruses. Prevalence were significantly higher in GC for hepatitis B virus (odds ratio [OR] = 1.39, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.11-1.75), human cytomegalovirus (OR = 2.25, 95% CI 1.14-4.43), human papillomavirus (HPV) (OR = 1.63, 95% CI 1.05-2.54), and John Cunningham virus (OR = 2.52, 95% CI 1.26-5.04). In subgroup analyses, HPV-16 infection was significantly associated with GC (OR = 2.42, 95% CI 1.00-5.83).
DISCUSSION
This study demonstrated that hepatitis B virus, human cytomegalovirus, HPV, and John Cunningham virus were more prevalent in GC. However, the causal relationship between their infection and risk of GC remains inconclusive, and further investigations are required.
Topics: Alphapapillomavirus; Cytomegalovirus; Cytomegalovirus Infections; Gastric Mucosa; Hepatitis B; Hepatitis B virus; Humans; JC Virus; Odds Ratio; Papillomavirus Infections; Polyomavirus Infections; Risk Assessment; Risk Factors; Stomach Neoplasms; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 32764207
DOI: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000201 -
Intervirology 2019The John Cunningham virus (JCV) is the causative agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Anti-JCV antibody seropositivity is an important consideration in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The John Cunningham virus (JCV) is the causative agent of progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy. Anti-JCV antibody seropositivity is an important consideration in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). The reported prevalence of JCV in MS patients has been conflicting.
OBJECTIVE
We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to estimate the pooled prevalence of anti-JCV antibody seropositivity in cases with MS.
METHODS
We searched PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Ovid, ProQuest, Google Scholar, and gray literature including reference of included studies, and conference abstracts which were published up to April 2019. Two independent researchers independently assessed the articles.
RESULTS
The literature search found 181 articles. After eliminating duplicates, reviews, case reports, and trials, 15 articles remained. Finally, 8 articles were included for the final analysis (from Asia, Europe, the USA, and Canada). In total, 16,041 MS cases were analyzed. The prevalence of anti-JCV antibody seropositivity varied between 40 and 80%, and the pooled estimate was calculated as 60% (95% CI: 56-64%), though with significant heterogeneity (I2 = 95%, p = 0.01).
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of anti-JCV antibody seropositivity is variable among MS patients in different countries, and the pooled estimate showed that this is 60% overall.
PubMed: 32623436
DOI: 10.1159/000507367 -
Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer... Jun 2020Polyomaviruses including BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) are widespread in human and have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in some studies. The aim of... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
INTRODUCTION
Polyomaviruses including BK virus (BKV) and JC virus (JCV) are widespread in human and have been associated with colorectal cancer (CRC) in some studies. The aim of present systematic review and meta-analysis article is to calculate the pooled prevalence of BKV and JCV in patients with CRC and assessing their association with this malignancy.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Domestic databases and Sciences Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, Web of Sciences and Scopus were searched for relevant articles up to 2nd June 2019Two independent reviewers extracted the related data from eligible articles. The pooled prevalence and pooled odds ratio (POR) and their 95% confidence interval (95% CI) were calculated using "metaprop" and "metan" commands in Stata 14. Where I2 statistics were >50%, the random effect model was used.
RESULTS
From 1461 relevant studies, 24 articles were eligible and included in the qualitative while 19 articles included in quantitative analysis. The pooled prevalence based on diagnostic methods varies from 29% using immunohistochemistry to 52% using nested-PCR method. The likelihood of being infected with JCV was significantly higher in CRC patients compared to healthy (POR: 4.41, 95% CI: 2.13 - 9.13) controls, normal adjacent mucosa (POR: 2.79, 95% CI: 1.3-5.9) and colorectal adenoma (POR: 3.1, 95% CI: 1.5-6.5) but was not significant when non-CRC patients used as control group.
CONCLUSION
The prevalence of JCV in colorectal patients was substantially variable by different methods and targets. The significant association between JCV and CRC that was observed in the present study is not indicative of causation and should be studied more in large-scale prospective designs.
Topics: BK Virus; Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; Iran; JC Virus; Polyomavirus Infections; Prognosis; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 32592342
DOI: 10.31557/APJCP.2020.21.6.1499 -
Epidemiology and Infection Feb 2020Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children. RSV is also a major viral... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the most common pathogen associated with acute lower respiratory tract infections in young children. RSV is also a major viral pathogen causing severe lung disease in the adult population, particularly among the elderly. We conducted a review of adult RSV studies published from January 1970 to February 2017 to determine the burden of disease among adults worldwide. There were no restrictions on health care setting or definition of RSV infection. A total of 1530 published studies were identified, 95 of which were included in this review. The incidence rates of hospitalised RSV acute respiratory tract infection (ARI) in adults >65 years old ranged from 7.3 to 13.0/105 population in Africa and Asia and from 190 to 254/105 population in the USA. Higher incidence rates (195-1790/105 population) were observed in adults ≥50 years old for outpatient or emergency visits in the USA. Of all ARI patients, RSV accounted for 1-10% in adults and 2-14% in patients with chronic diseases or transplantation. Given the limitations in the existing data, significant efforts should be made to generate evidence on the burden of RSV infections in adults and to estimate the potential impact of future preventive interventions.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Cost of Illness; Female; Global Health; Hospitalization; Humans; Incidence; Male; Middle Aged; Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections; Young Adult
PubMed: 32052719
DOI: 10.1017/S0950268820000400 -
Infectious Diseases (London, England) Mar 2020Given the probable role of JC virus in associate with increasing the odds of colorectal cancer, this study was conducted systematically to evaluate the association... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Given the probable role of JC virus in associate with increasing the odds of colorectal cancer, this study was conducted systematically to evaluate the association between JC virus and colorectal cancer. Systematic reviews of the articles published prior to January 1, 2019 without time and place limitations were done independently through the PubMed, ISI, EMBASE and Medline main databases. The heterogeneity rate was assessed through I2, Chi2 and Tau2, and the sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were used to investigate the source of heterogeneity among the studies. 24 studies with a sample size of 2576 were finally entered into the meta-analysis. The results showed that the prevalence of JC virus in colorectal cancer tissues was about 43% (95% CI: 29% -58%). The meta-analysis results also showed that the presence of JCV in colorectal tissues increased the odds of colorectal cancer 4.70 times as much (OR Pooled = 4.70; 95% CI: 2.95-7.50). Also, the results of the sub-group analysis indicated that the presence of JC virus, compared with the tissues adjacent to the tumour and the healthy control tissues, increased the odds of colorectal cancer (OR Pooled = 4.50, 95% CI: 2.09-9.65 and OR Pooled = 4.70, 95% CI: 2.95-7.50) respectively. The meta-analysis showed that as an oncogene virus, JC could increase the odds of colorectal cancer, reinforcing the hypothesis on the role of viral factors in the pathogenesis of cancers.
Topics: Colorectal Neoplasms; Humans; JC Virus; Polyomavirus Infections; Risk Factors; Tumor Virus Infections
PubMed: 31766929
DOI: 10.1080/23744235.2019.1692145 -
Journal of Clinical Neuroscience :... Jan 2020Natalizumab is a medication of choice for some patients with relapsing remitting (RR) form of multiple sclerosis (MS). John Cunningham virus (JCV) antibody status is... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Natalizumab is a medication of choice for some patients with relapsing remitting (RR) form of multiple sclerosis (MS). John Cunningham virus (JCV) antibody status is important in cases who are treating with natalizumab. Different studies reported various rates of seroconversion and sero-reversion in patients who had been treated with natalizumab. As there is no systematic review reporting incidence of seroconversion and seroreversion in MS cases who were treated with natalizumab, we aimed to conduct this systematic review and meta-analysis to find pooled incidence of seroconversion and seroreversion in MS cases who were treated with natalizumab.
METHODS
PubMed, Scopus, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, Ovid, and google scholar were systematically searched. We also searched the gray literature including references from included studies, and conference abstracts which were published up to April 2019.
RESULTS
The incidence of seroconversion was reported between 6% and 41% and the incidence of seroreversion was reported between 1% and 11%. The pooled estimate of seroconversion incidence was 19% (95% CI: 13%-25%) (I = 96.8%, P < 0.001) and the pooled estimate of seroreversion incidence was 5% (95% CI: 3%-8%) (I = 72.2%, P < 0.001). Subgroup analysis by considering the country of the origin showed that the pooled incidence of seroconversion incidence during the studies was 6% in Asian countries and 21% in European/American countries. The incidence difference between subgroups was significant (p < 0.001).
CONCLUSION
Incidence of seroconversion in MS patients who had been treated with natalizumab is higher in European/American countries than Asian countries.
Topics: Adult; Antibodies, Viral; Female; Humans; Immunologic Factors; Incidence; JC Virus; Male; Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting; Natalizumab; Seroconversion
PubMed: 31558363
DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2019.08.103