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Neurosurgical Review Jul 2023Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM) are a skull base neoplasm that represents between 8 and 13% of all intracranial meningiomas. Approach selection focuses on achieving... (Review)
Review
Olfactory groove meningiomas (OGM) are a skull base neoplasm that represents between 8 and 13% of all intracranial meningiomas. Approach selection focuses on achieving frontal lobe decompression, gross total resection and vision preservation. Recently, there has been a focus on olfaction and considering its preservation as a quality-of-life outcome measure. An electronic search of the databases Medline, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science and Cochrane library databases was performed and data extracted according 2020 Preferred Reporting Items of Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) statement. Six articles were selected for inclusion mainly based due to reporting quantitative outcomes for olfaction assessed by a smell identification test (e.g. sniffin' sticks). Objective olfaction preservation can be achieved with a variety of surgical approaches. More research which includes objective assessment of olfactory function and ideally as well QoL outcome measures is needed to further optimize the treatment pathways in OGM patients.
Topics: Humans; Meningioma; Smell; Meningeal Neoplasms; Quality of Life; Olfaction Disorders
PubMed: 37500988
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02096-z -
Neurosurgical Review Jul 2023Transpetrosal approaches are known to be associated with a significant risk of complications, including CSF leak, facial palsy, hearing impairment, venous injury, and/or... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Transpetrosal approaches are known to be associated with a significant risk of complications, including CSF leak, facial palsy, hearing impairment, venous injury, and/or temporal lobe injury. We aimed to evaluate the morbidity of the standard combined petrosal approach (CPA), defined as a combination of the posterior (retrolabyrinthine) and the anterior petrosal approach. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of articles reporting on clinical series of patients operated on for petroclival meningiomas through CPA. Studies that used the terminology "combined petrosal approach" without matching the aforementioned definition were excluded as well as clinical series that included less than 5 patients. A total of 8 studies were included involving 160 patients. The pooled complication rates were 3% (95% CI, 0.5-5.6) for CSF leak, 8.6% (95% CI, 4.1-13.2%) for facial palsy, 8.2% (95% CI, 3.9-12.6%) for hearing impairment, 2.8% (95% CI, 0.9-6.5%) for venous complications, and finally 4.8% (95%, 1.2-8.4%) for temporal lobe injury. Contrary to the general belief, CPA is associated with an acceptable rate of complications, especially when compared to alternative approaches to the petroclival area. In view of the major advantages like shorter trajectory, multiple angles of surgical attack, and early tumor devascularization, CPA remains an important tool in the armamentarium of the skull base surgeon.
Topics: Humans; Facial Paralysis; Neurosurgical Procedures; Meningioma; Meningeal Neoplasms; Hearing Loss; Petrous Bone
PubMed: 37439884
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-023-02072-7 -
Journal of Neuro-oncology Jul 2023We systematically reviewed visual outcomes over the last three decades in patients undergoing treatment for base of skull (BOS) meningiomas and provide recommendations... (Review)
Review
Improvement in visual outcomes of patients with base of skull meningioma as a result of evolution in the treatment techniques in the last three decades: a systematic review.
PURPOSE
We systematically reviewed visual outcomes over the last three decades in patients undergoing treatment for base of skull (BOS) meningiomas and provide recommendations to preserve vision.
METHODS
In accordance with the PRISMA guidelines for systematic reviews, a search was conducted from 6/1/2022-9/1/2022 using PubMed and Web of Science. Inclusion criteria included (1) patients treated for BOS meningiomas (2) treatment modality specified (3) specifics of surgical techniques and/or dose/fractions of radiotherapy (4) individual patient outcomes of treatment. Each study was assessed for bias based on study design and heterogeneity of results.
RESULTS
A total of 50 studies were included (N = 2911). When comparing improved vision versus unchanged or worsened vision, studies investigating surgery alone published from 2006 and onward had significantly better visual outcomes compared to pre-2006 studies (p = 0.02). When comparing improved vision versus unchanged or worsened vision, studies investigating combined therapy with surgery and radiation published from 2008 and onward had significantly better visual outcomes compared to pre-2008 studies (p < 0.01). Combined modality therapy was less likely to worsen vision compared to either surgery or radiation monotherapy (p < 0.01). However, surgery and radiation monotherapy were more likely to actually improve outcomes compared to combination therapy (p < 0.01).
CONCLUSION
For over a decade we have observed improvement in visual outcomes in patients managed for meningioma of BOS, likely attributing the innovation in microsurgical and more targeted and conformal radiation techniques. Combination therapy may be the safest option for preventing worsening of vision, but the highest rates of improving visual function are achieved through monotherapy when indicated.
Topics: Humans; Meningioma; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies; Skull Base; Meningeal Neoplasms
PubMed: 37354356
DOI: 10.1007/s11060-023-04366-8 -
Journal of Neurological Surgery. Part... Nov 2023Lumbar drainage is commonly used in skull base surgery; however, very few cases of intracranial hypotension syndrome are reported to be caused by this procedure. We...
Lumbar drainage is commonly used in skull base surgery; however, very few cases of intracranial hypotension syndrome are reported to be caused by this procedure. We present a clinical case of lumbar drainage-assisted orbital and optic canal decompression surgery for a recurrent voluminous spheno-orbital meningioma, together with a literature review. A 49-year-old woman became confused and drowsy on postoperative day 3, after initially experiencing neurologic stability. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the head showed extradural frontotemporal fluid collection with moderate right to left midline shift. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed signs of intracranial hypotension, such as brain sagging and diffuse dural contrast enhancement. Conservative treatment with bed rest, aggressive hydration, steroids, and aminophylline led to progressive neurologic improvement. A systematic literature review was also performed, and previous reported cases were analyzed. Overall, neurosurgeons must be aware of the lumbar drainage-induced hypotension syndrome in skull base surgeries, because immediate diagnosis is essential for therapeutic decision-making. In this setting, conservative management is the first-line treatment as surgery may lead to severe complications.
Topics: Female; Humans; Middle Aged; Drainage; Intracranial Hypotension; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Neurosurgical Procedures; Skull Base
PubMed: 37263292
DOI: 10.1055/s-0042-1759825 -
Journal of Neurosurgery Dec 2023The relationship between patient and meningioma characteristics and hormone receptors (HRs) of progesterone, estrogen, and androgen remains poorly defined despite... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
The relationship between patient and meningioma characteristics and hormone receptors (HRs) of progesterone, estrogen, and androgen remains poorly defined despite literature suggesting that meningiomas are sensitive to gonadal steroid hormones. Therefore, the authors sought to collect and compare data on this topic by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis of reported studies of HR status in meningiomas.
METHODS
A MEDLINE PubMed literature review conducted for articles published between January 1, 1951, and December 31, 2020, resulted in 634 unduplicated articles concerning meningiomas and HRs. There were 114 articles that met the criteria of detailed detection protocols for progesterone receptor (PR), estrogen receptor (ER), and/or androgen receptor (AR) using immunohistochemistry (IHC) or ligand-binding (LB) assays and simultaneous reporting of HR status with at least one variable among age, sex, histology, location, grade, or recurrence. Between-study heterogeneity and risk of bias were evaluated using graphical and statistical methods. The authors performed a multilevel meta-analysis using random-effects modeling on aggregated data (n = 4447) and individual participant data (n = 1363) with subgroup results summarized as pooled effects. A mixed-effects meta-regression using individual participant data was performed to analyze independently associated variables.
RESULTS
The 114 selected articles included data for 5810 patients with 6092 tumors analyzed to determine the expression of three HRs in human meningiomas: PRs, ARs, and ERs. The proportions of HR+ meningiomas were estimated to be 0.76 (95% CI 0.72-0.80) for PR+ and 0.50 (95% CI 0.33-0.66) for AR+ meningiomas. ER+ meningioma detection varied depending on the measurement method used and was 0.06 (95% CI 0.03-0.10) with IHC and 0.11 (95% CI 0.06-0.20) with LB assays. There were associations between age and PR and ER expression that varied between male and female patients. PR+ and AR+ were more common in female patients (OR 1.84, 95% CI 1.47-2.29 for PR and OR 4.16, 95% CI 1.62-10.68 for AR). Additionally, PR+ meningiomas were enriched in skull base locations (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.03-3.48) and meningothelial histology (OR 1.86, 95% CI 1.23-2.81). A meta-regression showed that PR+ was independently associated with age (OR 1.11 95% CI 1.09-1.13; p < 0.0001) and WHO grade I tumors (OR 8.09, 95% CI 3.55-18.44; p < 0.0001). ER+ was negatively associated with meningothelial histology (OR 0.94, 95% CI 0.86-0.98; p = 0.044) and positively associated with convexity location (OR 1.12, 95% CI 1.05-1.18; p = 0.0003).
CONCLUSIONS
The association between HRs and meningioma features has been investigated but unexplained for decades. In this study the authors demonstrated that HR status has a strong association with known meningioma features, including WHO grade, age, female sex, histology, and anatomical location. Identifying these independent associations allows for a better understanding of meningioma heterogeneity and provides a foundation for revisiting targeted hormonal therapy in meningioma on the basis of proper patient stratification according to HR status.
Topics: Humans; Male; Female; Meningioma; Meningeal Neoplasms; Immunohistochemistry; Skull Base; Receptors, Estrogen; Gonadal Steroid Hormones
PubMed: 37243565
DOI: 10.3171/2023.3.JNS221838 -
American Journal of Rhinology & Allergy Sep 2023Positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a valuable imaging modality widely used in the management of cancers. Its usage is well defined for most head and neck... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Positron emission tomography (PET) scan is a valuable imaging modality widely used in the management of cancers. Its usage is well defined for most head and neck malignancies. However, there is a lack of consensus regarding the utility of PET scan for sinonasal malignancies. This is highlighted by the latest international consensus statement on endoscopic skull base surgery.
OBJECTIVE
This systematic review aims to clarify the role of PET scan in the management of sinonasal malignancies.
METHODS
We conducted a comprehensive literature search using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Cochrane databases for research studies of interest. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) updated statement was used to guide the review.
RESULTS
In total, 1807 articles were assessed for eligibility. Thirty-nine original papers, published between 2004 and 2021, met inclusion criteria. Seven articles focused on the role of PET scan for inverted papilloma, 23 for sinonasal carcinoma, 4 for melanoma, and 3 for lymphoma, and finally, 3 articles focused on the use of specific PET scan tracers for sinonasal malignancies. Qualitative summaries for each potential role of PET scans were provided. In general, included studies were retrospective in nature with low level of evidence.
CONCLUSIONS
In general, and across all types of sinonasal malignancies, PET scan yielded positive results regarding detection and initial staging. It was also considered as the modality of choice for detection of distant metastases, except in the case of sinonasal lymphoma. PET scan's main limit resides in its inability to detect lesions in or close to the metabolic activity of the brain.
Topics: Humans; Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography; Retrospective Studies; Positron-Emission Tomography; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms; Lymphoma
PubMed: 37229633
DOI: 10.1177/19458924231177854 -
Journal of Clinical Medicine Apr 2023Frontal sinus involvement by malignant tumors is a rare finding. Therefore, a systematic literature review along with a personal case series may contribute to defining... (Review)
Review
Frontal sinus involvement by malignant tumors is a rare finding. Therefore, a systematic literature review along with a personal case series may contribute to defining more accurately the epidemiology, treatment options, and outcomes of these neoplasms. This is a retrospective review of patients affected by frontal sinus malignancies surgically treated in a tertiary-care referral center over a period of 20 years. Moreover, a systematic literature review of studies describing frontal sinus cancers from 2000 to date was performed according to PRISMA guidelines in order to analyze current evidence about the treatment and outcomes of such a rare disease. Our retrospective review was basedon 84 cases, treated with an exclusive endoscopic approach in 43 cases (51.2%), endoscopic approach with frontal osteoplastic flap in 6 cases (7.1%), and transfacial or transcranial approaches in 35 cases (41.7%). The five-year overall, disease-specific, disease-free, and recurrence-free survivals were 54.6%, 62.6%, 33.1%, and 59.1%, respectively. Age, dural involvement, type of surgical resection, and surgical margin status were significantly associated with the survival endpoints. In conclusion, the involvement of the frontal sinus is associated with a poor prognosis. Multidisciplinary management, including specific histology-driven treatments, represents the gold standard for improving outcomes and minimizing morbidity.
PubMed: 37176626
DOI: 10.3390/jcm12093186 -
Journal of Neuroimaging : Official... 2023To comprehensively summarize the radiological characteristics of sinonasal tract angiofibroma (STA) (commonly known as juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma). (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE
To comprehensively summarize the radiological characteristics of sinonasal tract angiofibroma (STA) (commonly known as juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma).
METHODS
Forty-four lesions from 41 cases provided by 33 study articles identified through a systematic review and 13 lesions from 13 cases from our institution associated with patients with STA who underwent MRI were included in the review study, carried out by two board-certified experienced radiologists.
RESULTS
The study participants were all male patients with a mean age of 15.6 years at the time of diagnosis. All of them presented with nasal cavity lesions (100%), predominantly in the nasopharynx (98.2%). The sphenopalatine foramen/pterygopalatine fossa was involved in 76.0%, and compressive shift of the posterolateral wall of the maxillary sinus was present in more than half (57.9%). T2-weighted imaging signal intensity was heterogeneous with mixed high and iso intensities as compared to skeletal muscle (100%). T1-weighted imaging showed partial high signal intensity in 61.1% of the cases. Flow void and intense enhancement were present in almost all cases. Cystic/nonenhancement changes on contrast-enhanced MRI were relatively common (40.8%). The mean apparent diffusion coefficient value (2.07 × 10 mm /second) and some quantitative dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI parameters were high. There was a significant difference in the frequency of residual/recurrent lesions based on the presence of MRI findings of skull base invasion (p = .017) and intracranial extension (p = .003).
CONCLUSIONS
We summarized the MRI findings of STA that can facilitate timely diagnosis and appropriate management.
Topics: Humans; Male; Adolescent; Angiofibroma; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms; Nasopharynx; Paranasal Sinuses; Magnetic Resonance Imaging
PubMed: 37164909
DOI: 10.1111/jon.13116 -
World Neurosurgery Aug 2023There is currently no consensus on the appropriate timing of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (PPV) resumption in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA)... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
There is currently no consensus on the appropriate timing of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (PPV) resumption in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) after endoscopic pituitary surgery. We performed a systematic review of the literature to better assess the safety of early PPV use in OSA patients following surgery.
METHODS
The study followed the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. Databases in English were searched using the keywords: "sleep apnea," "CPAP," "endoscopic," "skull base," "transsphenoidal" and "pituitary surgery." Case reports, editorials, reviews, meta-analyses, unpublished and abstract-only articles were all excluded.
RESULTS
Five retrospective studies were identified, comprising 267 patients with OSA who underwent endoscopic endonasal pituitary surgery. The mean age of patients in four studies (n = 198) was 56.3 years (SD = 8.6) and the most common indication for surgery was pituitary adenoma resection. The timing of PPV resumption following surgery was reported in four studies (n = 130), with 29 patients receiving PPV therapy within two weeks. The pooled rate of postoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak associated with PPV resumption was 4.0% (95% CI: 1.3-6.7%) in three studies (n = 27) and there were no reports of pneumocephalus associated with PPV use in the early postoperative period (<2 weeks).
CONCLUSIONS
Early resumption of PPV in OSA patients after endoscopic endonasal pituitary surgery appears relatively safe. However, the current literature is limited. Additional studies with more rigorous outcome reporting are warranted to assess the true safety of re-initiating PPV postoperatively in this population.
Topics: Humans; Middle Aged; Retrospective Studies; Pituitary Diseases; Pituitary Gland; Pituitary Neoplasms; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive; Postoperative Complications; Postoperative Period
PubMed: 37149088
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.116 -
World Neurosurgery Aug 2023Conclusive evidence describing the outcomes following different treatment strategies for tension pneumocranium (TP) is lacking. Impact of predisposing conditions like... (Review)
Review
Tension Pneumocranium Following Transsphenoidal Surgeries-A Case Report and Systematic Review of Literature with Analysis of Predisposing Factors and Treatment Regimens: Is Early Skull Base Repair Better than Conservative Treatment?
BACKGROUND
Conclusive evidence describing the outcomes following different treatment strategies for tension pneumocranium (TP) is lacking. Impact of predisposing conditions like multiple transnasal transsphenoidal (TNTS) procedures, intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, obstructive sleep apnea, continuous positive airway pressure, violent coughing, nose blowing, positive pressure ventilation on TP outcomes is also unknown.
METHODS
PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, and Google Scholar were searched for articles using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis guidelines. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was done using STATA/ BE ver 17.0.
RESULTS
Thirty-five studies with 49 cases of endoscopic TNTS surgeries were included. Tension pneumocephalus was seen in 77.5% (n = 38), tension pneumosella in 7 (14.28%), and tension pneumoventricle in 4 (8.16%). Nonfunctional pituitary adenomas (40.81%) were most common lesions associated with TP. The need of mechanical ventilation was significantly higher in patients who received conservative management (odds ratio, 1.34; confidence interval, 0.65-2.74) (P < 0.01). However, incidence of meningitis or mortality were not influenced by factors like age, gender, pathological diagnosis, initial conservative management or early skull base repair, use of adjuvant radiation, intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leak, multiple TNTS explorations, or presence of precipitating factors.
CONCLUSIONS
Nonfunctional pituitary adenomas were the most common lesions associated with TP. Multiple TNTS procedures did not increase incidence of meningitis or mortality. Conservative management increased the need for mechanical ventilation but did not worsen the mortality outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Pituitary Neoplasms; Conservative Treatment; Postoperative Complications; Skull Base; Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak; Meningitis; Causality
PubMed: 37141943
DOI: 10.1016/j.wneu.2023.04.109