-
Oral Diseases Sep 2022The aim of this systematic review was to critically analyze available data on gene polymorphisms in odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and ameloblastomas, including their... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVES
The aim of this systematic review was to critically analyze available data on gene polymorphisms in odontogenic keratocysts (OKC) and ameloblastomas, including their possible relationship with clinical and histological features of these lesions.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
A comprehensive search of Web of Science Scopus, PubMed, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and EMBASE was conducted using relevant key terms and supplemented by a gray literature search. Quality assessment of included studies was performed using criteria from the Strengthening the Reporting of Genetic Association (STREGA) statement.
RESULTS
Ten studies were included in the final review. Survivin -31G/C, interleukin IL-1α -889 C/T, p53 codon 72 G/C, tumor necrosis factor TNF-α (-308G>A) and its receptor TNF-R1 (36A>G), glioma-associated oncogene homolog 1 rs2228224 and matrix metalloproteinase 2 rs243865 gene polymorphisms were reported to be associated with OKC. For ameloblastomas, p53 codon 72 G/C, X-ray repair cross-complementing protein 1-codons 194 and 399 and matrix metalloproteinase 9 rs3918242 gene polymorphisms were identified as risk factors. It was not possible to establish a relationship between specific polymorphisms and clinical and histological features of investigated lesions.
CONCLUSIONS
Several gene polymorphisms might be considered as a risk factor for the development of these lesions. Future studies should investigate whether these polymorphisms might be used to identify patients with increased risk of recurrence or aggressive disease.
Topics: Ameloblastoma; Humans; Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; Odontogenic Cysts; Odontogenic Tumors; Polymorphism, Genetic; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
PubMed: 33793041
DOI: 10.1111/odi.13865 -
Frontiers in Veterinary Science 2020Canine and human bladder cancer present similar anatomical, morphological, and molecular characteristics, and dogs can be considered a model for human bladder cancer....
Canine and human bladder cancer present similar anatomical, morphological, and molecular characteristics, and dogs can be considered a model for human bladder cancer. However, the veterinary literature lacks information regarding cross-validation analysis between human and canine large-scale data. Therefore, this research aimed to perform a meta-analysis of the canine literature on bladder cancer, identifying genes and proteins previously evaluated in these studies. In addition, we also performed a cross-validation of the canine transcriptome data and the human data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) to identify potential markers for both species. The meta-analysis was performed using the following indexing terms: "bladder" AND "carcinoma" AND "dog" in different international databases, and 385 manuscripts were identified in our initial search. Then, several inclusion criteria were applied, and only 25 studies met these criteria. Among these studies, five presented transcriptome data, and 20 evaluated only isolated genes or proteins. Regarding the studies involving isolated protein analysis, the HER-2 protein was the most studied (3/20), followed by TAG-72 (2/20), COX-2 (2/20), survivin (2/20), and CK7 (2/20), and the remaining nine studies evaluated one isolated protein each. Regarding the cross-validation analysis of human and canine transcriptome data, we identified 35 dysregulated genes, including , and . Our results demonstrate that the canine literature on bladder cancer previously focused on the evaluation of isolated markers with no association with patient survival. This limitation may be related to the lack of a homogenous protocol for treating patients and the lack of follow-up during treatment. In addition, the lack of information regarding tumor muscle invasion can be considered an important limitation when comparing human and canine bladder tumors. Our analysis involving canine and human transcriptome data provided several genes with the potential to be markers for both human and canine bladder tumors, and these genes should be considered for future studies on canine bladder cancer.
PubMed: 33304937
DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2020.558978 -
Pharmacological Research May 2020During the latest decades, the interest on the effectiveness of natural compounds and their impact on human health constantly increased, especially on those...
During the latest decades, the interest on the effectiveness of natural compounds and their impact on human health constantly increased, especially on those demonstrating to be effective on cancer. Molecules coming from nature are currently used in chemotherapy like Taxol, Vincristine or Vinblastine, and several other natural substances have been showed to be active in reducing cancer cell progression and migration. Among them, astaxanthin, a xanthophyll red colored carotenoid, displayed different biological activities including, antinflammatory, antioxidant, proapoptotic, and anticancer effects. It can induce apoptosis through downregulation of antiapoptotic protein (Bcl-2, p-Bad, and survivin) expression and upregulation of proapoptotic ones (Bax/Bad and PARP). Thanks to these mechanisms, it can exert anticancer effects towards colorectal cancer, melanoma, or gastric carcinoma cell lines. Moreover, it possesses antiproliferative activity in many experimental models and enhances the effectiveness of conventional chemotherapic drugs on tumor cells underling its potential future use. This review provides an overview of the current knowledge on the anticancer potential of astaxanthin by modulating several molecular targets. While it has been clearly demonstrated its multitarget activity in the prevention and regression of malignant cells in in vitro or in preclinical investigations, further clinical studies are needed to assess its real potential as anticancer in humans.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Apoptosis; Cell Cycle Checkpoints; Humans; Neoplasms; Xanthophylls
PubMed: 32057895
DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104689 -
Medicina Oral, Patologia Oral Y Cirugia... May 2020The primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a recently described benign entity with histopathological and immunohistochemical features suggesting its origin during early...
BACKGROUND
The primordial odontogenic tumor (POT) is a recently described benign entity with histopathological and immunohistochemical features suggesting its origin during early odontogenesis.
AIM
To integrate the available data published on POT into a comprehensive analysis to better define its clinicopathological and molecular features.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
An electronic systematic review was performed up to September 2019 in multiple databases.
RESULTS
A total of 13 publications were included, representing 16 reported cases and 3 molecular studies. The mean age of the affected patients was 11.6 years (range 2-19), with a slight predominance in males (56.25%). The posterior mandible was the main location (87.5%), with only two cases affecting the posterior maxilla. All cases appeared as a radiolucent lesion in close relationship to an unerupted tooth. Recurrences have not been reported to date. Microscopically, POT comprises fibromyxoid tissue with variable cellularity surrounded by a cuboidal to columnar odontogenic epithelium but without unequivocal dental hard tissue formation. A delicate fibrous capsule surrounds (at least partially) the tumor. The epithelial component shows immunohistochemical positivity for amelogenin, CK19, and CK14, and variable expression of Glut-1, Galectin-3 and Caveolin-1, Vimentin, p-53, PITX2, Bcl-2, Bax and Survivin; the mesenchymal tissue is positive for Vimentin, CD90, p-53, PITX2, Bcl-2, Bax, and Survivin, and the subepithelial region exhibits the strong expression of Syndecan-1 and CD34. The Ki-67 index is low (<5%). The negative or weak expression of dentinogenesis-associated genes could explain the inhibition of dentin and subsequent enamel formation in this neoplasm.
CONCLUSION
POT is an entity with a well-defined clinicopathological, immunohistochemical and molecular profile that must be properly diagnosed and differentiated from other odontogenic lesions and treated consequently.
Topics: Adolescent; Adult; Child; Child, Preschool; Epithelium; Humans; Male; Mandible; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Odontogenesis; Odontogenic Tumors; Young Adult
PubMed: 32040459
DOI: 10.4317/medoral.23432 -
Current Rheumatology Reviews 2020Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by the hyperplasia of synovial tissue. Survivin is a member of the...
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease, which is characterized by the hyperplasia of synovial tissue. Survivin is a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis protein family, which facilitates the formation of functional T-cell receptor and differentiation of memory T cells. Survivin plays an important role in the expression of major histocompatibility complex molecules and mature dendritic cells, which play the main role in the etiology of RA. This systematic review was conducted to investigate the evidence on the role of survivin as a diagnostic and predictive value in RA patients. All published articles related to the subject of interest and published up to 30 March 2018 were searched in three databases, including Google Scholar, PubMed, and Web of Science. After a detailed evaluation of the full-text version of the papers, 23 articles were entered into the study. The elevation of survivin in the preclinical phase of RA and its association with anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (CCP) antibodies suggested it as a predictor of RA. Recently, survivin has been introduced as the biomarker of joint damage and poor response to antirheumatic treatment in RA patients. Based on the evidence, survivin level had high specificity and sensitivity in the diagnosis of RA patients. The results of the reviewed studies demonstrated that a positive survivin level was associated with the presence of anti-CCP antibodies.
Topics: Arthritis, Rheumatoid; Autoantibodies; Biomarkers; Humans; Predictive Value of Tests; Survivin
PubMed: 31951186
DOI: 10.2174/1573397116666200116095039 -
Minerva Medica Feb 2020Endometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent condition, defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterus, associated with often chronic and...
INTRODUCTION
Endometriosis is a common, estrogen-dependent condition, defined as the presence of endometrial-like tissue outside of the uterus, associated with often chronic and inflammatory reaction. The association of endometriosis with cancer is unclear, although endometriosis and cancer present some molecular similarities. Survinin, encoded by the BIRC5 gene, is a protein that controls cell division, inhibits apoptosis and promotes angiogenesis. Here we aimed to summarize and to discuss the main findings of studies that addressed the involvement of survivin in the pathogenesis of endometriosis.
EVIDENCE ACQUISITION
We conducted a comprehensive retrieval from electronic databases, included the MEDLINE, EMBASE, with no restrictions to time span. We used the search terms endometriosis and survivin or BIRC5 and collected all relevant studies to explore the association between endometriosis and surviving expression.
EVIDENCE SYNTHESIS
A total of 21 studies included in the systematic review, comprising sample collected from 1263 women with endometriosis. Results showed the involvement of more than 60 genes and proteins evaluated in eutopic, ectopic, endometrial and ovarian endometriosis, as well as in several gynecological conditions compared to healthy controls.
CONCLUSIONS
The studies provided the basis for the involvement of survivin in the pathogenesis of the disease by several and independent pathways.
Topics: Apoptosis; Endometriosis; Female; Humans; Survivin
PubMed: 31755675
DOI: 10.23736/S0026-4806.19.06358-4 -
The International Journal of Biological... Dec 2019Colorectal cancer is a very common cancer worldwide. Serum tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs), especially the anti-p53 autoantibody, may be promising biomarkers to... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
Colorectal cancer is a very common cancer worldwide. Serum tumor-associated autoantibodies (TAAbs), especially the anti-p53 autoantibody, may be promising biomarkers to detect early-stage colorectal cancer. This study aimed to identify all known autoantibodies and their value in colorectal cancer diagnosis, as well as exploring the underlying connections and mechanisms through a bioinformatics analysis. Databases were used to select available articles of TAAbs in colorectal cancer. In a meta-analysis of the anti-p53 autoantibody, the diagnostic odds ratio and area under the curve (AUC) of the summary receiver-operating characteristic (SROC) curve were calculated using Stata 12.0 and Meta-Disc 1.4. We identified 73 articles including 199 single autoantibodies and 42 multiple autoantibodies. The maximum value of Youden's index was 0.76, combining c-MYC, p53, cyclin B1, p62, Koc, IMP1, and survivin. The diagnostic odds ratio for anti-p53 autoantibody at all stages was 10.86 (95% CI 8.40, 14.06) with low heterogeneity (I = 40.3%) and the AUC of the SROC curve was 0.82. For the anti-p53 autoantibody in early-stage colorectal cancer, the diagnostic odds ratio was 4.82 (95% CI 2.95, 7.87) with heterogeneity (I = 7.9%) and the AUC of the SROC curve was 0.72. Eighty-seven autoantibodies were selected for bioinformatics analyses. We found that the most enriched functional terms and protein-protein interactions may relate to the mechanism of autoantibody generation. In summary, our study summarized the diagnostic value of TAAbs in colorectal cancer, either as single molecules or in combination. Bioinformatics analyses may be a new approach to explore the mechanism of autoantibody generation.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Biomarkers, Tumor; Colorectal Neoplasms; Computational Biology; Humans
PubMed: 31588830
DOI: 10.1177/1724600819880906 -
Acta Obstetricia Et Gynecologica... Sep 2019Progestogens are widely used for the conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer. Nevertheless, they do not achieve the regression in...
INTRODUCTION
Progestogens are widely used for the conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer. Nevertheless, they do not achieve the regression in all cases. Although several immunohistochemical markers have been assessed to predict the response to treatment, their usefulness is still unclear. We aimed to analyze the usefulness of each immunohistochemical marker studied in predicting the response to progestogens in endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
Electronic databases were searched for relevant articles from January 2000 to June 2018. All studies assessing the association of immunohistochemical markers with the outcome of the progestogen-based therapy in endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer were included. The expression of immunohistochemical markers in pretreatment phase and changes of expression during the follow-up were evaluated in relation to response to therapy and relapse.
RESULTS
Twenty-seven studies with 1360 women were included in the systematic review; 43 immunohistochemical markers were assessed. The most studied predictive markers in the pretreatment phase were progesterone and estrogen receptors, although with conflicting results; their isoforms, and in particular progesterone receptor B, appeared more promising. Further studies are needed to confirm the usefulness of mismatch repair proteins, Dusp6, GRP78 and PTEN combined with other molecules such as phospho-AKT or phospho-mTOR. In the follow-up phase, Nrf2 and survivin showed the stronger evidence; a role may also be played by Bcl2 and Ki67. Further studies are necessary for Fas, NCoR, AKR1C1, HE4, PAX2 and SPAG9.
CONCLUSIONS
Several immunohistochemical markers might be helpful in predicting the response to conservative treatment of endometrial hyperplasia and early endometrial cancer on pretreatment and follow-up specimens. Further studies are needed to confirm their usefulness and possibly integrate them in a predictive immunohistochemical panel.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Conservative Treatment; Endometrial Hyperplasia; Endometrial Neoplasms; Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; Female; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Predictive Value of Tests; Progestins
PubMed: 30793281
DOI: 10.1111/aogs.13587 -
Cellular Physiology and Biochemistry :... 2018Recently, many studies have demonstrated that various tumor-associated autoantibodies have been detected in early stages of lung cancer. Therefore, we conducted a... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND/AIMS
Recently, many studies have demonstrated that various tumor-associated autoantibodies have been detected in early stages of lung cancer. Therefore, we conducted a meta-analysis to comprehensively evaluate available evidence on the diagnostic value of autoantibodies against tumor-associated antigens in lung cancer.
METHODS
We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and other databases through 23 March 2018. Study quality was assessed using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies-2. We used the bivariate mixed-effect models to calculate pooled values of sensitivity, specificity, positive likelihood ratios, negative likelihood ratios, diagnostic odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals. Summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curves were used to summarize overall test performance. Deek's funnel plot was used to detect publication bias.
RESULTS
Review of 468 candidate articles identified fifty-three articles with a total of 11,515 patients for qualitative review and meta-analysis. Pooled sensitivity, specificity and area under the SROC curve were as follows for tumor-associated autoantibodies against the following proteins: p53, 0.19, 0.98, 0.82; NY-ESO-1, 0.17, 0.98, 0.90; Survivin, 0.19, 0.99, 0.96; c-myc, 0.14, 0.98, 0.45; Cyclin B1, 0.18, 0.98, 0.91; GBU4-5, 0.07, 0.98, 0.91; CAGE, 0.14, 0.98, 0.90; p16, 0.08, 0.97, 0.91; SOX2, 0.14, 0.99, 0.93; and HuD, 0.17, 0.99, 0.82.
CONCLUSION
Each tumor-associated autoantibody on its own showed excellent diagnostic specificity for lung cancer but inadequate sensitivity. Our results suggest that combinations or panels of tumor-associated autoantibodies may provide better sensitivity for diagnosing lung cancer, and the diagnostic accuracy of tumor-associated autoantibodies should be validated in more studies.
Topics: Autoantibodies; Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Lung Neoplasms; Neoplasm Staging; ROC Curve
PubMed: 30562746
DOI: 10.1159/000495935 -
Personalized Medicine Jan 2019To investigate the possible association between survivin c.-31G>C (rs9904341) gene polymorphism and urinary system cancers by a meta-analysis approach. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
AIM
To investigate the possible association between survivin c.-31G>C (rs9904341) gene polymorphism and urinary system cancers by a meta-analysis approach.
METHODS
Standard electronic literature databases were searched to find eligible studies. The odds ratios (ORs) with 95% CIs were estimated to find the associations possibility.
RESULTS
Overall meta-analysis revealed significant associations between c.-31G>C transversion and risk of urinary tract cancers in dominant (OR: 1.34; 95% CI: 1.02-1.75; p = 0.035), recessive (OR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.33-1.74; p < 0.001) and homozygote codominant (OR: 1.90; 95% Cl: 1.37-2.62; p < 0.001) genetic models.
CONCLUSION
The c.-31G>C transversion might be a risk factor for urinary system cancers. However, more articles with different ethnicities will help to obtain a more accurate conclusion.
Topics: Databases, Genetic; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Odds Ratio; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; Risk Factors; Survivin; Urogenital Neoplasms; Urologic Neoplasms
PubMed: 30465472
DOI: 10.2217/pme-2018-0053