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Neurosurgical Review Feb 2020Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare, benign tumors derived from Rathke's pouch, known for their high recurrence rates and associated morbidity and mortality. Despite...
Craniopharyngiomas (CPs) are rare, benign tumors derived from Rathke's pouch, known for their high recurrence rates and associated morbidity and mortality. Despite significant investigation on risk factors for recurrence, a lack of consensus persists. Recent research suggests that specific histopathological and molecular characteristics are prognostic for disease progression. In this systematic review, we analyzed and consolidated key features of CPs that contribute to increased recurrence rates. This systematic review was performed in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. A search string was created with the keywords "craniopharyngioma," "histology," "histopathology," "molecular," and "recurrence." Literature was collected from 2006 to 2016 on the PubMed/Medline and Web of Science databases. The initial search resulted in 242 papers, examined with inclusion and exclusion criteria. The final review included a total of 37 studies, 36 primary studies covering a total of 1461 patients and 1 previous meta-analysis. Cystic lesions and whorl-like arrays were found to be associated with increased recurrence, while previously considered reactive gliosis and finger-shaped protrusions were not. The genetic elements found to be associated with increased risk of recurrence were Ki-67, Ep-CAM, PTTG-1, survivin, and certain RAR isotypes, as well as the glycoproteins osteonectin and chemokines CXCL12/CXCR4. The effects of VEGF, HIF-1α, and p53, despite extensive study, yielded conflicting results. Certain histopathological and molecular characteristics of CPs provide insight into their pathogenesis, likelihood of recurrence, and potential novel targets for therapy.
Topics: Craniopharyngioma; Humans; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; Pituitary Neoplasms; Predictive Value of Tests; Prognosis; Risk Assessment
PubMed: 29666970
DOI: 10.1007/s10143-018-0978-5 -
World Journal of Urology Sep 2018This study is a meta-analysis and aims to determine the value of urinary survivin for detecting bladder cancer (BC) on the basis of preceding statistical performance and... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
OBJECTIVE
This study is a meta-analysis and aims to determine the value of urinary survivin for detecting bladder cancer (BC) on the basis of preceding statistical performance and to compare their diagnostic value.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
Considering that the urinary survivin data were from both RNA and protein levels, the key words "bladder cancer" AND "survivin" and "bladder cancer" AND "survivin RNA" were used; and PubMed, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library were systematically searched to identify relevant articles. The methodological quality of each study was assessed by QUADAS-2. Data were analyzed by STATA 12.0 and Meta-disc v.1.4 software package. A random-effects model was used and subgroup analysis was carried out to identify possible sources of heterogeneity.
RESULTS
Nine articles for survivin protein test with 789 patients and 684 controls, and 12 articles for survivin RNA test with 880 patients and 922 controls were identified. The results showed that the pooled sensitivity was 0.79 (95% CI 0.73, 0.84), specificity was 0.87 (95% CI 0.79, 0.92) of the survivin protein test for bladder cancer, and the sensitivity and specificity was 0.84 (95% CI 0.79, 0.88) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.89, 0.97) of the survivin RNA test. The AUC of the two approaches was 0.89 (95% CI 0.86, 0.91) and 0.94 (95% CI 0.92, 0.96), respectively.
CONCLUSIONS
The survivin protein and survivin RNA both had great potential as biomarkers for BC detection, and survivin RNA showed higher accuracy than survivin protein on BC diagnosis.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; RNA; Sensitivity and Specificity; Software; Survivin; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 29610963
DOI: 10.1007/s00345-018-2285-8 -
Chinese Journal of Cancer Aug 2017Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive malignancy, with a high incidence and poor prognosis. In the past several decades, hundreds of proteins have... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is an aggressive malignancy, with a high incidence and poor prognosis. In the past several decades, hundreds of proteins have been reported to be associated with the prognosis of ESCC, but none has been widely accepted to guide clinical care. This study aimed to identify proteins with great potential for predicting prognosis of ESCC.
METHODS
We conducted a systematic review on immunohistochemical (IHC) prognostic markers of ESCC according to the 2009 Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) Guidelines. Literature related to IHC prognostic markers of ESCC were searched from PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Cochrane Library until January 30th, 2017. The risk of bias of these original studies was evaluated using the Quality in Prognosis Studies (QUIPS) tool.
RESULTS
We identified 11 emerging IHC markers with reproducible results, including eight markers [epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), Cyclin D1, vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), Survivin, Podoplanin, Fascin, phosphorylated mammalian target of rapamycin (p-mTOR), and pyruvate kinase M2 (PKM2)] indicating unfavorable prognosis and 3 markers (P27, P16, and E-cadherin) indicating favorable prognosis of ESCC.
CONCLUSION
Strong evidence supports that these 11 emerging IHC markers or their combinations may be useful in predicting prognosis and aiding personalized therapy decision-making for ESCC patients.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Esophageal Neoplasms; Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma; Female; Humans; Male; Neoplasm Proteins; Prognosis
PubMed: 28818096
DOI: 10.1186/s40880-017-0232-5 -
Oxidative Medicine and Cellular... 2016Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. We aim to provide a systematic review about the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in anticancer therapy with Salvia... (Review)
Review
Cancer is a leading cause of death worldwide. We aim to provide a systematic review about the roles of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in anticancer therapy with Salvia miltiorrhiza Bunge (Danshen). Danshen, including its lipophilic and hydrophilic constituents, is potentially beneficial for treating various cancers. The mechanisms of ROS-related anticancer effects of Danshen vary depending on the specific type of cancer cells involved. Danshen may enhance TNF-α-induced apoptosis, upregulate caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, endoplasmic reticulum stress, P21, P53, Bax/Bcl-2, DR5, and AMP-activated protein kinase, or activate the p38/JNK, mitogen-activated protein kinase, and FasL signaling pathways. Conversely, Danshen may downregulate human telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA, telomerase, survivin, vascular endothelial growth factor/vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, CD31, NF-κB, Erk1/2, matrix metalloproteinases, microtubule assembly, and receptor tyrosine kinases including epidermal growth factor receptors, HER2, and P-glycoprotein and inhibit the PI3K/Akt/mTOR or estrogen receptor signaling pathways. Therefore, Danshen may inhibit cancer cells proliferation through antioxidation on tumor initiation and induce apoptosis or autophagy through ROS generation on tumor progression, tumor promotion, and tumor metastasis. Based on the available evidence regarding its anticancer properties, this review provides new insights for further anticancer research or clinical trials with Danshen.
Topics: Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Drugs, Chinese Herbal; Humans; Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; Neoplasms; Reactive Oxygen Species; Salvia miltiorrhiza
PubMed: 27579153
DOI: 10.1155/2016/5293284 -
Scientific Reports Jul 2016Previous studies have elevated the prognostic value of survivin in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To increase statistical power and improve translation, we systematically... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
Previous studies have elevated the prognostic value of survivin in renal cell carcinoma (RCC). To increase statistical power and improve translation, we systematically searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Embase to identify relevant studies until December 2015 and conducted a standard meta-analysis. Based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 12 studies, including 2051 patients, were eligible for further analysis. Results showed that high survivin expression in RCC was associated with poor OS (HR = 2.84, 95% CI 1.68-4.79), CSS (HR = 2.36, 95% CI 1.41-3.95), and PFS (HR = 2.20, 95% CI 1.58-3.08). Survivin expression was also correlated with TNM stage (RR = 2.75, 95% CI 2.21-3.44), pathological T stage (RR = 2.19, 95% CI 1.75-2.75), lymph node metastasis (RR = 2.28, 95% CI 1.61-3.25), distant metastasis (RR = 1.56, 95% CI 1.16-2.08), Fuhrman grade (RR = 2.81, 95% CI 2.29-3.45), tumor size (RR = 1.49, 95% CI 1.24-1.78). Our study suggested that survivin was a prognostic marker in RCC. High survivin expression was correlated with poor prognosis and more advanced clinicopathological features, and it could serve as a biomarker for disease management.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Renal Cell; Disease-Free Survival; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Kidney Neoplasms; Lymphatic Metastasis; Neoplasm Staging; Prognosis; Survivin
PubMed: 27411378
DOI: 10.1038/srep29794 -
World Journal of Surgical Oncology Feb 2015Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Numerous studies have identified the roles of survivin -31 G/C and angiotensin-converting... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the most common cause of cancer death worldwide. Numerous studies have identified the roles of survivin -31 G/C and angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion (ACE I/D) polymorphisms in CRC risk; however, the results remain inconclusive. This study was to investigate associations between these two polymorphisms and CRC susceptibility.
METHODS
A comprehensive literature search was conducted to collect relevant case-control studies published between 2000 and 2014. The extracted data were statistically analyzed, and the odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were employed to estimate the strength of association.
RESULTS
A total of 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. For survivin G/C polymorphism, six articles reported 1,840 cases and 1,804 controls. Overall, we found the frequency of C allele is higher in CRC cases than that in the healthy controls (57.2% vs. 48.0%), and C allele significantly increased the risk of CRC compared to G allele in allele model (OR = 1.46, 95% CI = 1.33-1.60, P < 0.00001). This association was also found in other genetic models (P < 0.00001). Stratified analysis by ethnicity showed significant association in each genetic model among the Asian population. For ACE I/D polymorphism, five studies included 758 cases and 6,755 controls. No significant association was found in any genetic models.
CONCLUSIONS
Our results showed that survivin -31 G/C polymorphism might contribute to risk of CRC, especially in the Asian populations. However, the ACE I/D polymorphism is not a genetic factor concerning the risk for CRC. More studies with larger sample sizes are required in the future.
Topics: Case-Control Studies; Colorectal Neoplasms; Genetic Predisposition to Disease; Humans; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; Polymorphism, Genetic; Prognosis; Risk Factors; Survivin
PubMed: 25889770
DOI: 10.1186/s12957-015-0461-5 -
Clinica Chimica Acta; International... Feb 2015Survivin in pleural effusion is a promising marker for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion. (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
Survivin in pleural effusion is a promising marker for the diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion.
METHODS
Based on the principles and methods of Cochrane systematic reviews, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Knowledge (ISI), the Cochrane Library, and China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched to identify studies that assessed the diagnostic value of survivin in pleural effusion for malignant pleural effusion. Stata 12 and Meta-disc 1.4 software were used to test the heterogeneity and to perform the meta-analysis.
RESULTS
Our search returned 167 articles, of which ten fulfilled the inclusion criteria. These studies included a total of 614 patients with malignant pleural effusion and 430 patients with benign pleural effusion as controls. The summary assessments revealed that the pooled sensitivity was 0.86 (95% CI: 0.82-0.88) and the pooled specificity was 0.92 (95% CI: 0.89-0.94). The positive likelihood ratio was 8.76 (95% CI: 5.41-14.20), the negative likelihood ratio was 0.16 (95% CI: 0.13-0. 20) and the diagnostic odds ratio (DOR) was 59.72 (95% CI: 39.60-90.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for the pleural effusion survivin tests was 0.9485, and the *Q index estimate for these tests was 0.8885.
CONCLUSIONS
Survivin in pleural effusion has potential diagnostic value with advanced sensitivity and specificity and it can be used as adjunct tool for non-invasive diagnosis of malignant pleural effusion.
Topics: Humans; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Pleural Effusion, Malignant; Survivin
PubMed: 25559946
DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.12.029 -
PloS One 2013The expression of survivin is a promising prognostic indicator for some carcinomas. However, evidence for the prognostic value of survivin with respect to survival in... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis
BACKGROUND
The expression of survivin is a promising prognostic indicator for some carcinomas. However, evidence for the prognostic value of survivin with respect to survival in hepatocellular carcinoma remains controversial.
AIM
To conduct a systematic review of studies evaluating survivin expression in hepatocellular carcinoma as a prognostic indicator.
METHODS
The relevant literature was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, and Chinese biomedicine databases, and two meta-analyses were performed. One studied the association between survivin expression and the overall survival of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, whereas the other studied the association between survivin expression and disease-free survival. Studies were pooled, and summary hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were also conducted.
RESULTS
Fourteen eligible studies with a total of 890 patients were included in this study. Two meta-analyses were performed according to the different outcomes by which prognosis was valued. The combined HR of the overall survival studies was 2.33 (95% CI: 1.65-3.31). The combined HR of disease-free survival studies was 2.13 (95% CI: 1.65-2.75). These data appeared to be significant when stratified by detection method, the language of publication, and HR estimate. The heterogeneities were highly significant (I(2)>50%) when subgroup analyses of overall survival rate were conducted, whereas little heterogeneity was found when subgroup analyses of disease-free survival rate were carried out. The positive expression of survivin in the cytoplasm was significantly correlated with poor prognosis in HCC (HR>1).
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that survivin expression was correlated with poor prognosis in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, regardless whether they were assessed by overall survival or disease-free survival.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Hepatocellular; Humans; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Liver Neoplasms; Prognosis; Proportional Hazards Models; Publication Bias; Survivin
PubMed: 24386184
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0083350 -
PloS One 2013The objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature investigating the survivin expression and its effects on... (Meta-Analysis)
Meta-Analysis Review
PURPOSE
The objective of the present study was to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis of published literature investigating the survivin expression and its effects on bladder cancer prognosis.
MATERIALS AND METHODS
We carefully searched online Pubmed, Cochrane Library and SCOPUS database from August 1997 to May 2013.
RESULTS
A total of 14 articles met the eligibility criteria for this systematic review. The eligible studies included a total of 2,165 patients with a median number of 155 patients per study (range: 17-726). Of the 14 studies, nine evaluated immunohistochemistry in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded tissue blocks. In non-muscle invasive bladder tumor, the pooled hazard ratio (HR) was statistically significant for recurrence-free survival (pooled HR, 1.81; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.30-2.52), progression-free survival (pooled HR, 2.12; 95% CI, 1.60-2.82), cancer-specific survival (pooled HR, 2.01; 95% CI, 1.32-3.06), and overall survival (pooled HR, 1.53; 95% CI, 1.02-2.29). The overall HRs by survivin status were robust across advanced stages. When only adjusted survival data were included, statistically significant differences were identified for all survival subgroup analyses. There was no between-study heterogeneity in the effect of survivin status on the majority of meta-analyses. There was no clear evidence of publication bias in this meta-analysis.
CONCLUSIONS
Survivin expression indicates worse prognosis in patients with bladder cancer but the results should be interpreted with caution. It is necessary that better-designed studies with standardized assays need to provide a better conclusion about the relationship between survivin expression and the outcome of patients with bladder cancer.
Topics: Follow-Up Studies; Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; Humans; Immunohistochemistry; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Prognosis; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; Survival Analysis; Survivin; Treatment Outcome; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
PubMed: 24204662
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076719 -
PloS One 2013The prognostic significance of survivin for the survival of patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
The prognostic significance of survivin for the survival of patients with gastric cancer remains controversial. Thus, the objective of this study was to conduct a systematic review of the literature evaluating survivin expression in gastric cancer as a prognostic indicator.
METHODS
Relevant literature was searched using PubMed, EMBASE, and Chinese biomedicine databases. A meta-analysis of the association between survivin expression and overall survival in patients with gastric cancer was performed. Studies were pooled and summary hazard ratios (HRs) were calculated. Subgroup analyses were also conducted.
RESULTS
Final analysis of 1365 patients from 16 eligible studies was performed. Combined HR suggested that survivin expression had an unfavorable impact on survival of gastric cancer patients (HR=1.39, 95% CI: 1.16-1.68). The unfavorable impact also appeared significant when stratified according to the studies categorized by patients' ethnicity, detection methods, type of sample, and HR estimate. The combined HR in the English literature showed an inverse effect on survival (HR=1.40, 95% CI: 1.13-1.75), while HR in the non-English literature did not (HR=1.38, 95% CI: 0.93-2.05). When stratified according to the location of survivin expression, combined HR showed that expression in cytoplasm was significantly associated with poor prognosis of gastric cancer patients (HR=1.46, 95% CI: 1.12-1.90). While expression in nucleus was not significantly associated with poor prognosis (HR=1.29, 95% CI: 0.72-2.31), the heterogeneity was highly significant (chi-squared=11.5, I(2)=74%, p=0.009).
CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that survivin expression was associated with a poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer. Cytoplasmic expression of survivin may be regarded as a prognostic factor for gastric cancer patients. In contrast, survivin expression in nucleus did not have a significant impact on patients' overall survival.
Topics: Biomarkers, Tumor; Humans; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; Meta-Analysis as Topic; Prognosis; Stomach Neoplasms; Survival Rate; Survivin
PubMed: 23936532
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0071930