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International Urogynecology Journal Jan 2024Our objective was to evaluate if botox alters the urinary microbiome of patients with overactive bladder and whether this alteration is predictive of treatment response.
INTRODUCTION AND HYPOTHESIS
Our objective was to evaluate if botox alters the urinary microbiome of patients with overactive bladder and whether this alteration is predictive of treatment response.
METHODS
This multicenter prospective cohort study included 18-89-year-old patients undergoing treatment for overactive bladder with 100 units of botox. Urine samples were collected by straight catheterization on the day of the procedure (S1) and again 4 weeks later (S2). Participants completed the Patient Global Impression of Improvement form at their second visit for dichotomization into responders and nonresponders. The microbiome was sequenced using 16s rRNA sequencing. Wilcoxon signed rank and Wilcoxon rank sum were used to compare the microbiome, whereas chi-square, Wilcoxon rank sum, and the independent t-test were utilized for clinical data.
RESULTS
Sixty-eight participants were included in the analysis. The mean relative abundance and prevalence of Beauveria bassiana, Xerocomus chrysenteron, Crinipellis zonata, and Micrococcus luteus were all found to increase between S1 and S2 in responders; whereas in nonresponders the mean relative abundance and prevalence of Pseudomonas fragi were found to decrease. The MRA and prevalence of Weissella cibaria, Acinetobacter johnsonii, and Acinetobacter schindleri were found to be greater in responders than nonresponders at the time of S1. Significant UM differences in the S1 of patients who did (n = 5) and did not go on to develop a post-treatment UTI were noted.
CONCLUSIONS
Longitudinal urobiome differences may exist between patients who do and do not respond to botox.
Topics: Humans; Adolescent; Young Adult; Adult; Middle Aged; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Botulinum Toxins, Type A; Urinary Bladder, Overactive; Prospective Studies; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Microbiota
PubMed: 38165444
DOI: 10.1007/s00192-023-05703-1 -
Journal of Applied Microbiology Jan 2024Despite metatranscriptomics becoming an emerging tool for pathogen surveillance, very little is known about the feasibility of this approach for understanding the fate...
AIMS
Despite metatranscriptomics becoming an emerging tool for pathogen surveillance, very little is known about the feasibility of this approach for understanding the fate of human-derived pathogens in drinking water sources.
METHODS AND RESULTS
We conducted multiplexed microfluidic cards and metatranscriptomic sequencing of the drinking water source in a border city of North Korea in four seasons. Microfluidic card detected norovirus, hepatitis B virus (HBV), enterovirus, and Vibrio cholerae in the water. Phylogenetic analyses showed that environmental-derived sequences from norovirus GII.17, genotype C of HBV, and coxsackievirus A6 (CA6) were genetically related to the local clinical isolates. Meanwhile, metatranscriptomic assembly suggested that several bacterial pathogens, including Acinetobacter johnsonii and V. cholerae might be prevalent in the studied region. Metatranscriptomic analysis recovered 349 species-level groups with substantial viral diversity without detection of norovirus, HBV, and CA6. Seasonally distinct virus communities were also found. Specifically, 126, 73, 126, and 457 types of viruses were identified in spring, summer, autumn, and winter, respectively. The viromes were dominated by the Pisuviricota phylum, including members from Marnaviridae, Dicistroviridae, Luteoviridae, Potyviridae, Picornaviridae, Astroviridae, and Picobirnaviridae families. Further phylogenetic analyses of RNA (Ribonucleic Acid)-dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) sequences showed a diverse set of picorna-like viruses associated with shellfish, of which several novel picorna-like viruses were also identified. Additionally, potential animal pathogens, including infectious bronchitis virus, Bat dicibavirus, Bat nodavirus, Bat picornavirus 2, infectious bursal disease virus, and Macrobrachium rosenbergii nodavirus were also identified.
CONCLUSIONS
Our data illustrate the divergence between microfluidic cards and metatranscriptomics, highlighting that the combination of both methods facilitates the source tracking of human viruses in challenging settings without sufficient clinical surveillance.
Topics: Animals; Humans; Drinking Water; Seasons; Chiroptera; Phylogeny; Microfluidics; RNA Viruses; Viruses; Picornaviridae; Norovirus; RNA; RNA, Viral
PubMed: 38130237
DOI: 10.1093/jambio/lxad310 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Mar 2024
Topics: Humans; Acinetobacter; Plasmids; DNA, Bacterial; Hospitals
PubMed: 38122984
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2023.12.011 -
Cancer Medicine Dec 2023The gut microbiota has been reported to be associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Dynamic...
AIM
The gut microbiota has been reported to be associated with acute graft-versus-host disease (aGvHD) in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Dynamic surveillance of the microbiota is required to understand the detailed pathogenesis involved in the process of aGvHD.
METHODS
Fecal samples were collected prospectively at four timepoints, including pre-HSCT (T1), graft infusion (T2), neutrophil engraftment (T3), and 30 days after transplantation (T4). Fecal samples were profiled by 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing to assess the microbiota composition.
RESULTS
From the T1 to T4 timepoint, the diversity of the gut microbiota decreased, and the dominant species also changed, with a decrease in the obligate anaerobic bacteria and a shift toward a "pathogenic community". Compared with non-aGvHD patients, aGvHD patients had a lower abundance of Roseburia at T1 and a higher abundance of Acinetobacter johnsonii at T2. Furthermore, Acinetobacter johnsonii was negatively correlated with the secretion of IL-4 and TNF-α. At T3, Rothia mucilaginos was demonstrated to be linked with a decreased risk of aGvHD, which was accompanied by decreased secretion of IL-8. At T4, higher abundances of Lactobacillus paracasei and Acinetobacter johnsonii were identified to be related with aGvHD. Lactobacillus paracasei was associated with the downregulation of IL-10, and Acinetobacter johnsonii was associated with the downregulation of IL-2 and TNF-α.
CONCLUSIONS
Dynamic changes in gut microbiota composition and related cytokines were found to be related to aGvHD, including pathogenic or protective changes. These findings suggested that manipulation of gut microbiota at different timepoints might be a promising avenue for preventing or treating this common complication.
Topics: Humans; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; Gastrointestinal Microbiome; Transplantation, Homologous; Graft vs Host Disease; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; Acute Disease
PubMed: 38053512
DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6557 -
Poultry Science Feb 2024Chickens in commercial production are hatched in hatcheries without any contact with their parents and colonization of their skin and respiratory tract is therefore...
Chickens in commercial production are hatched in hatcheries without any contact with their parents and colonization of their skin and respiratory tract is therefore dependent on environmental sources only. However, since chickens evolved to be hatched in nests, in this study we evaluated the importance of contact between hens and chicks for the development of chicken skin and tracheal microbiota. Sequencing of PCR amplified V3/V4 variable regions of the 16S rRNA gene showed that contact with adult hens decreased the abundance of E. coli, Proteus mirabilis and Clostridium perfringens both in skin and the trachea, and Acinetobacter johnsonii and Cutibacterium acnes in skin microbiota only. These species were replaced by Lactobacillus gallinarum, Lactobacillus aviarius, Limosilactobacillus reuteri, and Streptococcus pasterianus in the skin and tracheal microbiota of contact chicks. Lactobacilli can be therefore investigated for their probiotic effect in respiratory tract in the future. Skin and respiratory microbiota of contact chickens was also enriched for Phascolarctobacterium, Succinatimonas, Flavonifractor, Blautia, and [Ruminococcus] torque though, since these are strict anaerobes from the intestinal tract, it is likely that only DNA from nonviable cells was detected for these taxa.
Topics: Animals; Female; Chickens; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Escherichia coli; Microbiota; Respiratory System
PubMed: 38052128
DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.103302 -
Biometals : An International Journal on... Apr 2024The subsurface mine environments characterized by high levels of toxic metals and low nutrient availability represent an extreme threat to bacterial persistence. In...
The subsurface mine environments characterized by high levels of toxic metals and low nutrient availability represent an extreme threat to bacterial persistence. In recent study, the genomic analysis of the Acinetobacter johnsonii strain RB2-047 isolated from the Rozália Gold Mine in Slovakia was performed. As expected, the studied isolate showed a high level of heavy metal tolerance (minimum inhibitory concentrations were 500 mg/L for copper and nickel, 1,500 mg/L for lead, and 250 mg/L for zinc). The RB2-047 strain also showed noticeable resistance to several antibiotics (ampicillin, kanamycin, chloramphenicol, tetracycline and ciprofloxacin). The genomic composition analysis demonstrated a low number of antibiotic and metal resistance coding genes, but a high occurrence of efflux transporter genes located on the bacterial chromosome. The experimental inhibition of efflux pumps resulted in decreased tolerance to Zn and Ni (but not to Cu and Pb) and to all antibiotics tested. In addition, the H33342 dye-accumulation assay confirmed the high efflux activity in the RB2-047 isolate. These findings showed the important role of efflux pumps in the adaptation of Acinetobacter johsonii strain RB2-047 to metal polluted mine environment as well as in development of multi-antibiotic resistance.
Topics: Metals, Heavy; Acinetobacter; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Genomics
PubMed: 37973678
DOI: 10.1007/s10534-023-00555-0 -
Environmental Science & Technology Dec 2023Bioaerosol pollution poses a substantial threat to human health during municipal food waste (FW) recycling. However, bioaerosol-borne antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs)...
Bioaerosol pollution poses a substantial threat to human health during municipal food waste (FW) recycling. However, bioaerosol-borne antibiotic-resistant genes (ARGs) have received little attention. Herein, 48 metagenomic data were applied to study the prevalence of PM-borne ARGs in and around full-scale food waste treatment plants (FWTPs). Overall, FWTP PM (2.82 ± 1.47 copies/16S rRNA gene) harbored comparable total abundance of ARGs to that of municipal wastewater treatment plant PM (WWTP), but was significantly enriched with the multidrug type (e.g., AdeC/I/J; < 0.05), especially the abundant multidrug ARGs could serve as effective indicators to define resistome profiles of FWTPs (Random Forest accuracy >92%). FWTP PM exhibited a decreasing enrichment of total ARGs along the FWTP-downwind-boundary gradient, eventually reaching levels comparable to urban PM (1.46 ± 0.21 copies/16S rRNA gene, = 12). The combined analysis of source-tracking, metagenome-assembled genomes (MAGs), and culture-based testing provides strong evidence that -dominated pathogens contributed significantly to shaping and disseminating multidrug ARGs, while abiotic factors (i.e., SO) indirectly participated in these processes, which deserves more attention in developing strategies to mitigate airborne ARGs. In addition, the exposure level of FWTP PM-borne resistant pathogens was about 5-11 times higher than those in urban PM, and could be more severe than hospital PM in certain scenarios (<41.53%). This work highlights the importance of FWTP in disseminating airborne multidrug ARGs and the need for re-evaluating the air pollution induced by municipal FWTP in public health terms.
Topics: Humans; Genes, Bacterial; Food; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Refuse Disposal; Bacteria; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Particulate Matter
PubMed: 37972223
DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.3c04681 -
International Journal of Molecular... Sep 2023Although dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases worldwide, its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, and treatment options are...
Although dry eye disease (DED) is one of the most common ocular surface diseases worldwide, its pathogenesis is incompletely understood, and treatment options are limited. There is growing evidence that complex interactions between the ocular surface microbiome (OSM) and tear fluid constituents, potentially leading to inflammatory processes, are associated with ocular surface diseases such as DED. In this study, we aimed to find unique compositional and functional features of the OSM associated with human and microbial tear proteins in patients with DED. Applying whole-metagenome shotgun sequencing of forty lid and conjunctival swabs, we identified 229 taxa, with Actinobacteria and Proteobacteria being the most abundant phyla and Propionibacterium acnes the dominating species in the cohort. When DED patients were compared to controls, the species Corynebacterium tuberculostearicum was more abundant in conjunctival samples, whereas the family Propionibacteriaceae was more abundant in lid samples. Functional analysis showed that genes of L-lysine biosynthesis, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, 5-aminoimidazole ribonucleotide biosynthesis, and the super pathway of L-threonine biosynthesis were enriched in conjunctival samples of controls. The relative abundances of Acinetobacter johnsonii correlated with seven human tear proteins, including mucin-16. The three most abundant microbial tear proteins were the chaperone protein DnaK, the arsenical resistance protein ArsH, and helicase. Compositional and functional features of the OSM and the tear proteome are altered in patients with DED. Ultimately, this may help to design novel interventional therapeutics to target DED.
Topics: Humans; Proteome; Eye; Dry Eye Syndromes; Face; Microbiota
PubMed: 37762390
DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814091 -
AMB Express Sep 2023The phenylurea herbicides are persistent in soil and water, necessitating the creation of methods for removing them from the environment. This study aimed to examine the...
The phenylurea herbicides are persistent in soil and water, necessitating the creation of methods for removing them from the environment. This study aimed to examine the soil microbial diversity, searching for local bacterial isolates able to efficiently degrade the phenylurea herbicide isoproturon, 3-(4-isopropylphenyl)-1, 1-dimethylurea (IPU). The best isolates able to effectively degrade IPU were selected, characterized, and identified as Pseudomonas putida and Acinetobacter johnsonii. The catechol 1, 2-dioxygenase enzyme's catA gene was amplified, cloned, and expressed in E. coli M15. The Expressed E. coli showed high degradation efficiency (44.80%) as analyzed by HPLC after 15 days of inoculation in comparison to P. putida (21.60%). The expression of the catA gene in P. putida and expressed E. coli was measured using quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). The results displayed a significant increase in the mRNA levels of the catA gene by increasing the incubation time with IPU. Hydrophilic interaction chromatography (HILIC) mass spectrometry analysis revealed that three intermediate metabolites, 1-(4-isopropylphenyl)-3-methylurea (MDIPU), 4-Isopropylaniline (4-IA) and 1-(4-isopropylphenyl) urea (DDIPU) were generated by both P. putida and expressed E. coli. In addition, IPU-induced catA activity was detected in both P. putida and expressed E. coli. The supernatant of both P. putida and expressed E. coli had a significant influence on weed growth. The study clearly exhibited that P. putida and expressed E. coli were capable of metabolizing IPU influentially and thus could be utilized for bioremediation and biodegradation technology development.
PubMed: 37751014
DOI: 10.1186/s13568-023-01609-9 -
Frontiers in Cellular and Infection... 2023The emergence of carbapenemase-producing spp. has been widely reported and become a global threat. However, carbapenem-resistant strains are relatively rare and...
The emergence of carbapenemase-producing spp. has been widely reported and become a global threat. However, carbapenem-resistant strains are relatively rare and without comprehensive genetic structure analysis, especially for isolates collected from human specimen. Here, one AYTCM strain, co-producing NDM-1, OXA-58, and PER-1 enzymes, was isolated from sputum in China in 2018. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed that it was resistant to meropenem, imipenem, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, and cefoperazone/sulbactam. Whole-genome sequencing and bioinformatic analysis revealed that it possessed 11 plasmids. and genes were located in the pAYTCM-1 plasmid. Especially, a complex class 1 integron consisted of a 5' conserved segment (5' CS) and 3' CS, which was found to carry sul1, arr-3, qnrVC6 cassettes. Moreover, the gene was located in 41,087 conjugative plasmids and was quite stable even after 70 passages under antibiotics-free conditions. In addition, six prophage regions were identified. Tracking of closely related plasmids in the public database showed that pAYTCM-1 was similar to pXBB1-9, pOXA23_010062, pOXA58_010030, and pAcsw19-2 plasmids, which were collected from the strains of sewage in China. Concerning the pAYTCM-3 plasmids, results showed that strains were collected from different sources and their hosts were isolated from various countries, such as China, USA, Japan, Brazil, and Mexico, suggesting that a wide spread occurred all over the world. In conclusion, early surveillance is warranted to avoid the extensive spread of this high-risk clone in the healthcare setting.
Topics: Humans; Carbapenems; Genes, Regulator; Transcription Factors; Acinetobacter
PubMed: 37692162
DOI: 10.3389/fcimb.2023.1227063