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BMC Infectious Diseases Mar 2022Actinomycosis is an uncommon endogenous bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, characterized by the development of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Actinomycosis is an uncommon endogenous bacterial infection caused by Actinomyces species, characterized by the development of abscesses, tissue fibrosis, and fistulisation. It remains a diagnostic challenge, due to its similarities with diverse aetiologies' presentation, such as neoplasms, tuberculosis, or fungal infections. Actinomyces bovis is a microorganism rarely reported as a cause of human disease. Cutaneous involvement is sporadic. In this case, Actinomyces bovis was responsible for disseminated cutaneous disease in an immunosuppressed patient.
CASE PRESENTATION
We report the case of a 69-year-old female with multiple skin masses, under immunosuppressive therapy due to ulcerative colitis. Imaging exams were compatible with multiple cutaneous abscesses in the cervicofacial region and limbs. Actinomyces bovis was isolated in culture after abscess drainage. Antimicrobial therapy with parenteral penicillin G and oral amoxicillin was administered for 6 months, with complete resolution of cutaneous lesions and no relapse of the infection.
CONCLUSIONS
Considering actinomycosis as a possible diagnosis in the presence of subacute/chronic recurrent mass-like cutaneous lesions, especially in the setting of immunosuppression, may reduce the burden associated with delayed diagnosis and incorrect treatment and provide better outcomes and improvement of patient's quality of life.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Aged; Female; Humans; Immunocompromised Host; Quality of Life
PubMed: 35351021
DOI: 10.1186/s12879-022-07282-w -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2021Six novel strains (ZJ34, ZJ561, ZJ750, ZJ1629, zg-993 and zg-987) isolated from faeces and respiratory tracts of from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China were...
Six novel strains (ZJ34, ZJ561, ZJ750, ZJ1629, zg-993 and zg-987) isolated from faeces and respiratory tracts of from the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau of PR China were characterized comprehensively. The results of analyses of the 16S rRNA gene and genome sequences indicated that the six strains represent three novel species of the genus , and are closely related to DSM 15434 (16S rRNA gene sequences similarities, 94.9-98.7 %), CCUG 61299 (95.6-96.6 %), CCTCC AB2010168 (95.7 %) and DSM 15435 (95.2-96.4 %), with values of digital DNA-DNA hybridization less than 30.1 % when compared with their closest relatives but higher than 70 % within each pair of novel strains (ZJ34/ZJ561, ZJ750/ZJ1629 and zg-993/zg-987). All the novel strains had C 9 and C as the two most abundant major fatty acids. MK-9(H) or MK-8(H) was the sole or predominant respiratory quinone of strains ZJ34, ZJ750 and zg-993 and their polar lipid profiles differed, but all had diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidyl inositol mannoside as major components. ZJ750 shared identical peptidoglycan amino acid profile with ZJ34 (alanine, glutamic acid, lysine and ornithine) and the same whole-cell sugar composition with zg-993 (glucose, rhamnose and ribose). Strain zg-993 contained alanine, aspartic acid, glutamic acid, glycine and lysine in the peptidoglycan, and the only sugar in ZJ34 was ribose. The DNA G+C contents of the novel strains were within the range of 65.8-70.1 mol%. On the basis of the results from the aforementioned analyses, the six novel strains were classified as representing three novel species of genus , for which the names sp. nov. [type strain ZJ34 (=GDMCC 1.1952=JCM 34355)] sp. nov. [type strain ZJ750 (=GDMCC 1.1950=JCM 34356)] and sp. nov. [type strain zg-993 (=GDMCC 1.1956=JCM 34357)] were proposed, respectively.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; Base Composition; DNA, Bacterial; Fatty Acids; Marmota; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Tibet
PubMed: 34252022
DOI: 10.1099/ijsem.0.004875 -
BMC Veterinary Research Jan 2021Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common with Actinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a...
BACKGROUND
Mandibular masses caused by inflammatory processes due to bacterial infections, most common with Actinomyces bovis, are well known in herbivors. This case represents a rare differential diagnosis to common inflammatory processes which cannot be distinguished from neoplasia without detailed histopathological examination.
CASE PRESENTATION
A large unilateral mandibular mass of a free-ranging female adult red deer (Cervus elaphus elaphus) was submitted for pathological examination. The animal had been shot due to its poor body condition. Grossly, the mandibular mass showed gingival ulceration and necrosis. Histologically, irregular strands and islands of odontogenic epithelial cells and a matrix of dentin and osteoid-like material were found, leading to the diagnosis of an odontogenic tumor. Considering the animal's age the tumor was classified as odontoameloblastoma with secondary chronic purulent osteomyelitis.
CONCLUSIONS
Odontogenic tumors are rare in domestic and wildlife species and so far have not been reported in red deer. In addition to the more common inflammatory processes of the mandibula and other neoplastic diseases of the oral cavity, odontogenic tumors represent a rare differential diagnosis that must be kept in mind especially when masked by inflammatory lesions.
Topics: Animals; Animals, Wild; Deer; Diagnosis, Differential; Female; Mandible; Mandibular Neoplasms; Odontogenic Tumors
PubMed: 33509193
DOI: 10.1186/s12917-021-02759-3 -
Current Microbiology Feb 2016Recent studies have focused on foodborne or commensal bacteria as vehicles of antibiotic resistance. However, the antibiotic resistance of milk bacteria from healthy...
Recent studies have focused on foodborne or commensal bacteria as vehicles of antibiotic resistance. However, the antibiotic resistance of milk bacteria from healthy donors is still vague in Taiwan. For this purpose, human milk samples were obtained from randomly recruited 19 healthy women between 3 and 360 days post-partum. Antibiotic susceptibility profile of bacteria from milk samples was determined. About 20 bacterial species were isolated from milk samples including Staphylococcus (6 species), Streptococcus (4 species), Enterococcus (2 species), Lactobacillus (1 species), and bacteria belonging to other genera (7 species). Some opportunistic or potentially pathogenic bacteria including Kluyvera ascorbata, Klebsiella oxytoca, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Actinomyces bovis, and Staphylococcus aureus were also isolated. Intriguingly, Staphylococcus isolates (22 strains) were resistant to 2–8 of 8 antibiotics, while Streptococcus isolates (3 strains) were resistant to 3–7 of 9 antibiotics, and members of the genus Enterococcus (5 strains) were resistant to 3–8 of 9 antibiotics. Notably, Staphylococcus lugdunensis, S. aureus, Streptococcus parasanguinis, Streptococcus pneumonia, and Enterococcus faecalis were resistant to vancomycin, which is considered as the last-resort antibiotic. Therefore, this study shows that most bacterial strains in human milk demonstrate mild to strong antibiotic resistance. Whether commensal bacteria in milk could serve as vehicles of antibiotic resistance should be further investigated.
Topics: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteria; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Healthy Volunteers; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Milk, Human; Postpartum Period; Taiwan
PubMed: 26494365
DOI: 10.1007/s00284-015-0925-4 -
Berliner Und Munchener Tierarztliche... 2015Post mortem examination of a young fallow deer (Dama dama) revealed a severe purulent and necrotizing glossitis as well as a multifocal necrotizing and ulcerative...
Post mortem examination of a young fallow deer (Dama dama) revealed a severe purulent and necrotizing glossitis as well as a multifocal necrotizing and ulcerative rumenitis and typhlitis. The animal was cachectic. Mannheimia (M.) sp. was isolated from the tongue lesions and identified as M. granulomatis by MALDI-TOF MS and 16S rRNA sequencing. Mycosis and BVDV infection were excluded. Few publications are dealing with similar macroscopic findings associated with the isolation of M. granulomatis in cattle and roe deer. Therefore, M. granulomatis should also be taken into consideration when such lesions occur in other ruminants. Based on our findings in case of gross pathological lesions of the tongue of ruminants a Mannheimia granulomatis-infection should be investigated as well as the possible role of Fusobacterium necrophorum, Actinobacillus lignieresii or Actinomyces bovis.
Topics: Animals; Deer; Glossitis; Mannheimia; Necrosis; Pasteurellaceae Infections
PubMed: 26281440
DOI: No ID Found -
International Journal of Systematic and... Aug 2012Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from the oral cavities of two dogs. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities both...
Two Gram-positive, rod-shaped, non-spore-forming bacteria were isolated from the oral cavities of two dogs. On the basis of 16S rRNA gene sequence similarities both strains were shown to belong to the genus Actinomyces and were most closely related to Actinomyces bovis (97.3% and 97.5%, respectively). The polyamine profile of the two isolates and Actinomyces bovis DSM 43014(T) was composed of spermidine and spermine as the major components. Menaquinone MK-9 was the major compound in the quinone system of the two strains and Actinomyces bovis. The polar lipid profiles of strains 2298(T) and 4321 were almost identical, containing diphosphatidylglycerol as the major compound, and moderate to trace amounts of phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylinositol, phosphatidylinositol-mannoside, phosphatidylglycerol and several unidentified lipids. A highly similar polar lipid profile was detected in Actinomyces bovis DSM 43014(T) supporting the affiliation of strains 2298(T) and 4321 to the genus Actinomyces. The typical major fatty acids were C(16:0), C(18:0) and C(18:1)ω9c. Fatty acids C(14:0) and C(18:2)ω6,9c were found in minor amounts. The results of physiological and biochemical analyses revealed clear differences between both strains and the most closely related species of the genus Actinomyces. Thus, strains 2298(T) and 4321 represent a novel species, for which the name Actinomyces weissii sp. nov., is proposed, with strain 2298(T) ( = CIP 110333(T) = LMG 26472(T) = CCM 7951(T) = CCUG 61299(T)) as the type strain.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Bacterial Typing Techniques; DNA, Bacterial; Dogs; Fatty Acids; Molecular Sequence Data; Phospholipids; Phylogeny; Polyamines; Quinones; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA
PubMed: 21948094
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.035626-0 -
The Journal of Dermatology Sep 2011Actinomycosis is a chronic, suppurative granulomatous disease caused by the genus Actinomyces. This report is an interesting case of primary cutaneous actinomycosis...
Actinomycosis is a chronic, suppurative granulomatous disease caused by the genus Actinomyces. This report is an interesting case of primary cutaneous actinomycosis (PCA) in a patient with common variable immunodeficiency (CVI) affecting the fingernails. The patient was successfully treated with penicillin G, cefazolin and metronidazole as well as surgical debridement of the infected tissues. In a 4-year follow-up period, no recurrence was observed. Primary cutaneous actinomycosis is a rare disease and the diagnosis needs a high index of clinical suspicion with attention to the history of skin implantation of the organism.
Topics: Actinomycosis; Adolescent; Common Variable Immunodeficiency; Humans; Male; Skin Diseases, Bacterial
PubMed: 21658111
DOI: 10.1111/j.1346-8138.2010.01165.x -
Reproduction in Domestic Animals =... Jun 2010The objectives of the present study were to investigate the bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx of the buffalo cow and investigate the correlation between bacterial...
The objectives of the present study were to investigate the bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx of the buffalo cow and investigate the correlation between bacterial infection of the uterus and hydrosalpinx. Buffalo cows' reproductive tracts were collected from Mosul abattoir. A total 385 uterine samples were examined of which 25 were having hydrosalpinx. Swabs for bacteriology, fluid for cytology and biopsies for histopathology were collected from the hydrosalpinx and the uterus from each samples included in this study. Results of this study indicated high prevalence of hydrosalpinx (6.5%) including unilateral (n = 19; 76%) and bilateral (n = 6; 24%) hydrosalpinx. Although 16 samples (64%) of the hydrosalpinx samples had no bacterial growth, the most prevalent bacteria recovered from hydrosalpinx were Corynebacterium hemolyticum and Actinomyces bovis, 42.8% and 28.6%, respectively. The most prevalent bacteria in the uterus were Archanobacterium pyogenes (18.5%), Staphylococcus aureus (14.8%), and Listeria monocytogenes (11.0%). Higher rates of leukocytes infiltration (p < 0.01) were observed in the uterine discharge than hydrosalpinx. A significant (p < 0.01) increase in lymphocytes was found in uterine discharge. Microscopic examination of the hydrosalpinx showed mucosal atrophy and dilatation of oviductal lumen without any signs of inflammation. It could be concluded that there is no correlation between bacteria isolated from uterus and hydrosalpinx. No association was found between bacteriological cultures and hydrosalpinx. Inflammation of the uterine tissue could be extended to utero-tubal junction producing local inflammation resulting in fibrosis and tubal obstruction. The obstruction in the lumen of the oviducts resulted in accumulation of fluid.
Topics: Actinomyces; Animals; Arcanobacterium; Bacterial Infections; Buffaloes; Corynebacterium; Fallopian Tube Diseases; Female; Leukocyte Count; Leukocytes; Listeria monocytogenes; Lymphocytes; Staphylococcus aureus; Uterine Diseases; Uterus
PubMed: 18992119
DOI: 10.1111/j.1439-0531.2008.01207.x -
Klinicheskaia Laboratornaia Diagnostika Jun 2008
Topics: Actinomyces; Bacterial Infections; Bacteriological Techniques; Humans; Suppuration
PubMed: 18720738
DOI: No ID Found -
Veterinary Research Communications Jan 2009The aims of this study were to study the prevalence of oviduct abnormalities of buffaloes, investigate bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx and salpingitis. In...
The aims of this study were to study the prevalence of oviduct abnormalities of buffaloes, investigate bacteria accompanying hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx and salpingitis. In addition, the study was designed to investigate the correlation between bacterial infection of the uterus and oviduct lesions in buffaloes. Bacteriological examinations were performed on hydrosalpinx, pyosalpinx and salpingitis. Hydrosalpinx was found in 28 (6.9%) cases of which 20 (71.4%) were found unilaterally and 8 (28.6%) bilaterally. Pyosalpinx was recorded in 12 (2.9%). Three cases (0.7%) of oviducts filled with blood were recorded. Obstruction of oviducts was recorded in 5 (1.2%). Adhesions between mesosalpinx and perisalpingeal tissues were observed in 7 (1.7) cases. One case of double oviduct was found in the left side of the tract examined. The most prevalent bacteria recovered from hydrosalpinx were Corynebacterium hemolyticum and Actinomyces bovis, 42.8% and 28.6%, respectively. No correlation was noticed between bacteria isolated from the uterus and hydrosalpinx. The most prevalent bacteria recovered from pyosalpinx were Escherichia coli, Archanobacterium pyogenes and Staphylococcus aureus, 33.3%, 26.7% and 16.7%, respectively. Higher rates of leukocyte infiltration (P < 0.01) were observed in the uterine discharge and pyosalpinx than hydrosalpinx. In a conclusion, the current study disclosed that oviductal lesions seem to be an important problem in buffalo cows. In addition, there is no correlation between bacteria isolated from uterus and hydrosalpinx. There is a high correlation between bacteria isolated from uterus and pyosalpinx and salpingitis. The occurrence of pyosalpinx and salpingitis is mainly due to bacterial infection. Bacterial isolates from pyosalpinx and salpingitis might be related to ascending infection from the uterus.
Topics: Animals; Bacterial Infections; Buffaloes; Endometritis; Fallopian Tube Diseases; Female
PubMed: 18612835
DOI: 10.1007/s11259-008-9075-5