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Case Reports in Infectious Diseases 2018This is a case of in the breast abscess of a penicillin-allergic woman. The mainstay of treatment for actinomycosis is penicillin, and there is a lack of literature...
This is a case of in the breast abscess of a penicillin-allergic woman. The mainstay of treatment for actinomycosis is penicillin, and there is a lack of literature describing nonpenicillin treatment options. A 69-year-old woman presented acutely with a breast abscess which was managed with incision and drainage and antibiotic therapy to good response. 21 days after presentation, were grown from the culture of pus, so the patient was recalled and more rigorous treatment and follow-up were initiated. The penicillin allergy led to difficulty in the identification of an appropriate antimicrobial agent that was also logistically feasible to be given on an outpatient IV basis. IV tigecycline followed by oral clarithromycin was found to be effective treatment.
PubMed: 30026992
DOI: 10.1155/2018/6708614 -
Journal of Infection and Public Health 2018Actinomyces species are part of the commensal flora of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract and female genital tract. Actinomyces europaeus is...
Actinomyces species are part of the commensal flora of the mucous membranes of the oropharynx, gastrointestinal tract and female genital tract. Actinomyces europaeus is a short, nonmotile, facultative anaerobic rod first described in 1997, susceptible in vitro to a wide range of b-lactam antibiotics which are regarded as first choice. In this report we described the case of A. europaeus infection in a young female patient admitted to Intensive Care Unit and the possible damage of vascular endothelium due to a chronic progressive actinomycosis that at first involved neck soft tissue, then cervical lymphnodes, and finally extended to the vascular structure.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Brain; Endothelium, Vascular; Female; Humans; Intensive Care Units; Lymph Nodes; Lymphadenopathy; Nervous System Diseases; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Symbiosis; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Treatment Outcome; Vasculitis; Young Adult
PubMed: 29277334
DOI: 10.1016/j.jiph.2017.12.010 -
Journal of Global Antimicrobial... Mar 2017Patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility in Actinomyces and related genera are very limited in the literature. Data of predominant susceptibility profiles could...
OBJECTIVES
Patterns of antimicrobial susceptibility in Actinomyces and related genera are very limited in the literature. Data of predominant susceptibility profiles could contribute to the establishment of an accurate empirical treatment.
METHODS
A total of 113 isolates from clinical samples were included in this study. Each isolate was identified using phenotypic methods and MALDI-TOF/MS. When discrepancies were observed, 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of nine antimicrobial agents (penicillin, ceftriaxone, linezolid, tetracycline, clindamycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin and vancomycin) were tested against the species Actinotignum schaalii (n=23), Actinomyces turicensis (n=18), Actinomyces europaeus (n=13), Actinomyces naeslundii/Actinomyces viscosus group (n=12), Actinomyces urogenitalis (n=11), Actinomyces radingae (n=11), Actinomyces neuii (n=9), Actinomyces odontolyticus (n=8), Bifidobacterium scardovii (n=3), Actinomyces graevenitzii (n=2), Alloscardovia omnicolens (n=2) and Varibaculum cambriense (n=1).
RESULTS
All of the isolates were susceptible to penicillin, ceftriaxone, vancomycin and linezolid. Almost all of the A. urogenitalis isolates (8/11) were resistant to clindamycin and showed susceptibility to erythromycin, suggesting an L-phenotype, however no determinants of clindamycin resistance (lnu and lsa genes) were detected by PCR. High MIC values to quinolones were observed in 54/113 isolates (47.8%). All of the A. urogenitalis isolates were highly resistant to ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin.
CONCLUSIONS
These data highlight the importance of ongoing surveillance to provide relevant information for empirical management of infections caused by these organisms.
Topics: Actinobacteria; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Bacteriological Techniques; Clindamycin; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Drug Resistance, Bacterial; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
PubMed: 28109846
DOI: 10.1016/j.jgar.2016.11.007 -
Enfermedades Infecciosas Y... May 2016
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Adult; Epidermal Cyst; Humans; Male
PubMed: 26358564
DOI: 10.1016/j.eimc.2015.08.001 -
First report of Actinomyces europaeus bacteraemia result from a breast abscess in a 53-year-old man.New Microbes and New Infections Sep 2015This is the first report of Actinomyces europaeus bacteraemia in a 53-year-old man. The bacteraemia was the result of a breast abscess. Identification was established by...
This is the first report of Actinomyces europaeus bacteraemia in a 53-year-old man. The bacteraemia was the result of a breast abscess. Identification was established by matrix-assisted desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry and confirmed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The patient was treated with surgical drainage and penicillin for 4 weeks; the patient did not experience any relapse during 6 months of follow-up.
PubMed: 26110063
DOI: 10.1016/j.nmni.2015.05.001 -
Infection Jun 2011Actinomyces europaeus was first described in 1997 as a new species causing predominantly skin and soft-tissue infections. Mastitis due to A. europaeus is an unusual...
Actinomyces europaeus was first described in 1997 as a new species causing predominantly skin and soft-tissue infections. Mastitis due to A. europaeus is an unusual condition. This article reports a case of primary breast abscess caused by A. europaeus in a postmenopausal woman.
Topics: Abscess; Actinomyces; Aged; Breast Diseases; Female; Humans; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soft Tissue Infections; beta-Lactam Resistance
PubMed: 21509423
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-011-0119-3 -
FEMS Microbiology Ecology Oct 2010Laboratory-scale reactors treating food industry waste were used to investigate the effects of additions of cobalt (Co), nickel/molybdenum/boron (Ni/Mo/B) and...
Laboratory-scale reactors treating food industry waste were used to investigate the effects of additions of cobalt (Co), nickel/molybdenum/boron (Ni/Mo/B) and selenium/tungsten (Se/W) on the biogas process and the associated microbial community. The highest methane production (predicted value: 860 mL g(-1) VS) was linked to high Se/W concentrations in combination with a low level of Co. A combination of quantitative real-time PCR of 16S rRNA genes, terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) and clone library sequencing was used for the community analysis. The T-RFLP data show a higher diversity for bacteria than for archaea in all the treatments. The most abundant bacterial population (31-55% of the total T-RFLP fragments' intensity) was most closely related to Actinomyces europaeus (94% homology). Two dominant archaeal populations shared 98-99% sequence homology with Methanosarcina siciliae and Methanoculleus bourgensis, respectively. Only limited influence of the trace metal additions was found on the bacterial community composition, with two bacterial populations responding to the addition of a combination of Ni/Mo/B, while the dominant archaeal populations were influenced by the addition of Ni/Mo/B and/or Se/W. The maintenance of methanogenic activity was largely independent of archaeal community composition, suggesting a high degree of functional redundancy in the methanogens of the biogas reactors.
Topics: Archaea; Bacteria; Biofuels; Bioreactors; Culture Media; Food Industry; Industrial Microbiology; Industrial Waste; Metagenome; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Trace Elements
PubMed: 20633047
DOI: 10.1111/j.1574-6941.2010.00932.x -
International Journal of Systematic and... Jul 2010A coryneform bacterium (strain 1094(T)) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. Chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this...
A coryneform bacterium (strain 1094(T)) was isolated from a wound swab taken from an 89-year-old female patient. Chemotaxonomic investigations suggested that this bacterium was related to the genera Actinomyces, Arcanobacterium and Actinobaculum. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences showed that strain 1094(T) was most closely related to Actinomyces europaeus CCUG 32789 A(T) (94.3 % similarity). Phenotypically, the isolate could be separated from its closest phylogenetic neighbours on the basis of being positive for catalase, CAMP reaction, acid phosphatase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase and raffinose fermentation. Based on the data presented, it is proposed that strain 1094(T) should be classified in a novel species, Actinomyces hominis sp. nov. The type strain is 1094(T) (=CCUG 57540(T) =DSM 22168(T)).
Topics: Actinomyces; Aged; Aged, 80 and over; Base Sequence; Female; Humans; Molecular Sequence Data; Phylogeny; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Wounds and Injuries
PubMed: 19734287
DOI: 10.1099/ijs.0.015818-0 -
Infection Jun 2009Infections due to Actinomyces europaeus or Actinomyces turicensis have only rarely been reported. We describe a case of chronic fistulae caused by a coinfection with A....
Infections due to Actinomyces europaeus or Actinomyces turicensis have only rarely been reported. We describe a case of chronic fistulae caused by a coinfection with A. europaeus and A. turicensis in an immunocompetent male patient with a severe congenital femur hypoplasia. Actinomycosis is most probably the consequence of a postoperative wound infection after a prior surgical intervention. Both Actinomyces species were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing. The Actinomyces-caused fistulae were treated by excision and a 1-week course of i.v. vancomycin followed by a 1-week course of p.o. cefuroxime.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Antifungal Agents; Cefuroxime; Femur; Fistula; Humans; Immunocompetence; Knee Joint; Lower Extremity Deformities, Congenital; Male; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; Soft Tissue Infections; Surgical Wound Infection; Vancomycin; Young Adult
PubMed: 18854936
DOI: 10.1007/s15010-008-7392-9 -
The Journal of Antimicrobial... Aug 2005This study was conducted to assess the susceptibility of human clinical isolates of Actinomyces species to 12 antimicrobial agents.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to assess the susceptibility of human clinical isolates of Actinomyces species to 12 antimicrobial agents.
METHODS
Human clinical isolates of Actinomyces spp. were collected from stored collections held at the Microbiology Department, Edinburgh University, Anaerobe Reference Laboratory, Cardiff, Glasgow Dental Hospital and Glasgow Royal Infirmary. Each isolate was identified by restriction analysis of amplified 16S ribosomal DNA. MICs of 12 antibiotics comprising benzyl penicillin, amoxicillin, ceftriaxone, linezolid, tetracycline, deoxycycline, clindamycin, erythromycin, clarithromycin, ciprofloxacin, meropenem and piperacillin/tazobactam for 87 strains of Actinomyces species were obtained by Etest methodology.
RESULTS
The Actinomyces species identified for this study comprised: Actinomyces israelii, Actinomyces gerencseriae, Actinomyces turicensis, Actinomyces funkei, Actinomyces graevenitzii and Actinomyces europaeus. All isolates were susceptible to penicillin and amoxicillin. All but one strain of A. turicensis was susceptible to linezolid. A number of A. europaeus and A. graevenitzii isolates were resistant to ceftriaxone and piperacillin/tazobactam. A number of isolates of A. turicensis and A. europaeus also demonstrated resistance to erythromycin. All Actinomyces species tested appeared resistant to ciprofloxacin.
CONCLUSIONS
Actinomyces species appear to be susceptible to a wide range of beta-lactam agents and these, when combined with beta-lactamase inhibitors, should be regarded as agents of first choice. Ciprofloxacin performed poorly. Tetracyclines also demonstrated poor performance. This is the first study of antimicrobial susceptibilities for a number of accurately identified clinical isolates of Actinomyces spp. There are a number of species differences in susceptibility profiles to the antimicrobials tested, suggesting that accurate identification and speciation may have an impact on clinical outcome.
Topics: Actinomyces; Actinomycosis; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cross Infection; DNA, Bacterial; DNA, Ribosomal; Humans; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; RNA, Bacterial; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; beta-Lactams
PubMed: 15972310
DOI: 10.1093/jac/dki206