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Turk Patoloji Dergisi May 2024Bronchial involvement in pulmonary actinomycosis is rare and has been reported in the literature rarely. However, these reports describe endobronchial actinomycosis...
Bronchial involvement in pulmonary actinomycosis is rare and has been reported in the literature rarely. However, these reports describe endobronchial actinomycosis secondary to foreign body aspiration (for example, a fish bone). Our case did not have any history or clinical evidence suggesting foreign body aspiration, which makes it even more rare. A 55-year-old woman presented with complaints of on and off haemoptysis and cough for three weeks. In view of the haemoptysis and consolidation seen on imaging, a bronchoalveolar lavage was done and sent for cytological assessment. Few atypical cells with nuclear hyperchromasia and prominent nucleoli were noted. In view of the persistent haemoptysis, worsening symptoms, and non-resolution of the consolidation despite antibiotics, and the finding of atypical cells, segmental resection was done. A final diagnosis of bronchiectatic actinomycosis with osseous metaplasia was given. The patient was started on prolonged antibiotics with good response and recovery. Other risk factors associated with pulmonary actinomycosis include alcoholism, diabetes, haematological diseases, human immunodeficiency viral infection, use of immunosuppressants, and rarely chronic lung diseases, such as bronchiectasis. Our case had this rare association of bronchiectasis with bronchial actinomycosis. Bronchiectatic actinomycosis is a rare infection and it can mimic several lung disorders like unresolving pneumonia, pulmonary tuberculosis, foreign body, and even lung tumours. The pathologists and clinicians should be aware of this entity and thus help in the early diagnosis and better management of patients with this disease.
PubMed: 38801125
DOI: 10.5146/tjpath.2024.13407 -
Clinical Case Reports Jun 2024This case report explores the clinical journey of a patient initially diagnosed with botryomycosis, only to later reveal the underlying and rare condition of...
This case report explores the clinical journey of a patient initially diagnosed with botryomycosis, only to later reveal the underlying and rare condition of actinomycosis. The report highlights the challenges in getting to an accurate diagnosis, emphasizing the importance of considering uncommon pathologies, the utility of multi-disciplinary teams and clinico-pathologic correlation in clinical practice.
PubMed: 38799522
DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.8977 -
Revue Des Maladies Respiratoires Jun 2024Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease that can be difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific imaging abnormalities and to a need for repeated lung sampling...
Pulmonary actinomycosis is a rare infectious disease that can be difficult to diagnose due to nonspecific imaging abnormalities and to a need for repeated lung sampling by CT-guided biopsy or bronchoscopy. It may present with hemoptysis, which can occur with or without antibiotic therapy and bronchial artery embolization may be required. We report here a case of pulmonary actinomycosis with imaging by thoracic CT, digital subtraction angiography, and pathological specimens.
Topics: Humans; Actinomycosis; Embolization, Therapeutic; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Bronchial Arteries; Male; Hemoptysis; Middle Aged; Bronchoscopy; Female; Angiography, Digital Subtraction
PubMed: 38796385
DOI: 10.1016/j.rmr.2024.05.002 -
Journal of Oral Microbiology 2024organisms reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx and the genitourinary tract. Polymicrobial infections with organisms are increasingly being reported in the... (Review)
Review
organisms reside on mucosal surfaces of the oropharynx and the genitourinary tract. Polymicrobial infections with organisms are increasingly being reported in the literature. Since these infections differ from classical actinomycosis, lacking of specific clinical and imaging findings, slow-growing organisms can be regarded as contaminants or insignificant findings. In addition, only limited knowledge is available about novel species and their clinical relevance. The recent reclassifications have resulted in the transfer of several species to novel genera , , , , or . The spectrum of diseases associated with specific members of and these related genera varies. In human infections, the most common species are Actinomyces , , and , which are typical inhabitants of the mouth, and , , and . In this narrative review, the purpose was to gather information on the emerging role of specific organisms within the and related genera in polymicrobial infections. These include in pulmonary infections, in brain abscesses and infections in the lower respiratory tract, in skin-related infections, in necrotizing fasciitis and skin abscesses, and in infected tissues around prostheses and devices. Increased understanding of the role of and related species in polymicrobial infections could provide improved outcomes for patient care. Key messages Due to the reclassification of the genus, many former species belong to novel genera , , , , or .Some of the species play emerging roles in specific infection types in humans.Increasing awareness of their clinical relevance as an established or a putative pathogen in polymicrobial infections brings about improved outcomes for patient care.
PubMed: 38766462
DOI: 10.1080/20002297.2024.2354148 -
Cureus May 2024Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the head and neck, lungs, abdominal and pelvic cavities, and...
Actinomycosis is a chronic granulomatous disease that can affect various parts of the body, including the head and neck, lungs, abdominal and pelvic cavities, and wounds. It is caused by different actinomycetes like , , , , and . Reported infections caused by actinomycetes include pulmonary actinomycosis, pelvic and abdominal infections, bone or artificial joint infections, endocarditis, complicated urinary tract infections, and soft tissue abscesses. The combination of pulmonary actinomycosis with gastric cancer is exceptionally rare in clinical practice, and the presence of actinomycetal infection alongside tumors in elderly patients poses significant challenges in treatment. This article presents the diagnosis and treatment process of an elderly patient with pulmonary actinomycosis and gastric adenocarcinoma.
PubMed: 38746489
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.60180 -
Thorax Jun 2024
Topics: Humans; Actinomycosis; Lung Neoplasms; Diagnosis, Differential; Male; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Middle Aged
PubMed: 38740440
DOI: 10.1136/thorax-2024-221556 -
Oral Oncology Jun 2024Actinomycetes are predominantly pathogenic bacteria that lack aerial hyphae and do not form spores. They are generally anaerobic or facultative anaerobic Gram-positive...
Actinomycetes are predominantly pathogenic bacteria that lack aerial hyphae and do not form spores. They are generally anaerobic or facultative anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, belonging to the prokaryotic group. Actinomycetes are widely distributed in nature, similar to other bacteria, and are mostly saprophytic, with a few being parasitic. They are named as such due to their colony's radial form. The symptoms and signs of actinomycosis are atypical and rarely manifest in the nasopharynx. Consequently, it can be challenging to distinguish actinomycosis from nasopharyngeal carcinoma, making diagnosis difficult. Histopathology is usually relied upon for diagnosis, although culture may pose challenges. Fortunately, actinomycetes are highly sensitive to penicillin. Therefore, timely treatment with high doses of penicillin is crucial for successful recovery. In this case study, we present the details of a 53-year-old female patient with no history of mucosal damage or tooth decay but with a previous partial thyroidectomy. The patient experienced recurring neck pain accompanied by progressive limitation of neck movement. Nasopharyngoscopy revealed the presence of a smooth-surfaced mass. Subsequent biopsy, clinical imaging, microbiological analysis, and histological findings confirmed the diagnosis of actinomycosis.Following a comprehensive treatment plan involving a combination of penicillin and doxycycline for a duration of two months, the disease was successfully eradicated.
Topics: Humans; Actinomycosis; Female; Middle Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Diagnosis, Differential
PubMed: 38729038
DOI: 10.1016/j.oraloncology.2024.106838 -
ACG Case Reports Journal May 2024Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that manifests with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. The disparity in the...
Actinomycosis is a rare chronic granulomatous disease that manifests with nonspecific symptoms of abdominal pain, anorexia, and weight loss. The disparity in the presentation of this condition presents a tremendous diagnostic challenge. There are few reports of species causing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis without previous localized masses or abscesses have been published. We provide a case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis secondary to species in a 46-year-old woman with uterine fibroids and a lack of preceding abscess. Although rare, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis because of should be considered in differential in female patients without pre-existing liver disease presenting with spontaneous bacterial peritonitis.
PubMed: 38706452
DOI: 10.14309/crj.0000000000001353 -
Qatar Medical Journal 2024
PubMed: 38680393
DOI: 10.5339/qmj.2024.qitc.10 -
Emerging Infectious Diseases May 2024With the use of metagenomic next-generation sequencing, patients diagnosed with Whipple pneumonia are being increasingly correctly diagnosed. We report a series of 3...
With the use of metagenomic next-generation sequencing, patients diagnosed with Whipple pneumonia are being increasingly correctly diagnosed. We report a series of 3 cases in China that showed a novel pattern of movable infiltrates and upper lung micronodules. After treatment, the 3 patients recovered, and lung infiltrates resolved.
Topics: Aged; Humans; Male; Middle Aged; Anti-Bacterial Agents; China; High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing; Lung; Pneumonia, Bacterial; Tomography, X-Ray Computed; Tropheryma; Whipple Disease
PubMed: 38666708
DOI: 10.3201/eid3005.231130