-
Journal of Chemotherapy (Florence,... Apr 2024This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of chemotherapy in different histological types of pancreatic cancer using data collected from the Surveillance,...
This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of chemotherapy in different histological types of pancreatic cancer using data collected from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Patients who were diagnosed with pancreatic cancer between 2004 and 2015 were selected from the SEER database. Propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to minimize the selection bias. The Kaplan-Meier survival curves and the log-rank test were utilized to compare the overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) among different groups. Of the 7,653 pancreatic cancer patients, both OS and CSS were higher in the chemotherapy group than those in the non-chemotherapy group ( < 0.001). After PSM, 2381 pairs were generated. The Kaplan-Meier survival curved indicated that both OS and CSS for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), pancreatic adenosquamous carcinoma (PASC), and pancreatic mucin-producing adenocarcinoma (PMPAC) ( < 0.001) in the chemotherapy group were superior to those in the non-chemotherapy group, while there was no significant difference in pancreatic mucinous adenocarcinoma (PMAC) ( = 0.2586). Compared with PASC and PMPAC, PDAC exhibited longer OS and CSS. The results of statistical analysis showed that PASC tumors were mainly poorly differentiated, and the majority of patients with PMPAC had distant metastasis. Chemotherapy could prolong pancreatic cancer patients' survival, especially for patients with advanced disease. PMPAC patients had a higher rate of metastasis, accompanying with the worse survival.
Topics: Humans; Neoplasm Staging; Propensity Score; SEER Program; Pancreatic Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal; Adenocarcinoma
PubMed: 38481380
DOI: 10.1080/1120009X.2023.2246785 -
Pathology Jun 2024Oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGA) includes oesophageal (EA), gastro-oesophageal junctional (GEJA), and gastric (GA) adenocarcinomas. The prognostic values of...
Oesophagogastric adenocarcinoma (EGA) includes oesophageal (EA), gastro-oesophageal junctional (GEJA), and gastric (GA) adenocarcinomas. The prognostic values of clinicopathological factors in these tumours remain obscure, especially for GEJA that has been inconsistently classified and staged. We studied the prognosis of EGA patients among the three geographic groups in 347 consecutive patients with a median age of 70 years (range 47-94). All patients were male, and 97.1% were white. Based on tumour epicentre location, EGAs were sub-grouped into EA (over 2 cm above the GEJ; n=3, 18.1%), GEJA (within 2 cm above and 3 cm below the GEJ; n=231, 66.6%), and GA (over 3 cm below the GEJ; n=53, 15.3%). We found that the median overall survival (OS) was the longest in EA (62.9 months), compared to GEJA (33.4), and GA (38.1) (p<0.001). Significant risk factors for OS included tumour location (p=0.018), size (p<0.001), differentiation (p<0.001), adenocarcinoma subtype (p<0.001), and TNM stage (p<0.001). Independent risk factors for OS comprised low-grade papillary adenocarcinoma [odds ratio (OR) 0.449, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.214-0.944, p<0.05), mixed adenocarcinoma (OR 1.531, 95% CI 1.056-2.218, p<0.05), adenosquamous carcinoma (OR 2.206, 95% CI 1.087-4.475, p<0.05), N stage (OR 1.505, 95% CI 1.043-2.171, p<0.05), and M stage (OR 10.036, 95% CI 2.519-39.993, p=0.001)]. EGA was further divided into low-risk (common well-moderately differentiated tubular and low-grade papillary adenocarcinomas) and high-risk (uncommon adenocarcinoma subtypes, adenosquamous carcinoma) subgroups. In this grouping, the median OS was significantly longer in the low-risk (83 months) than in the high-risk (10 months) subgroups (p<0.001). In conclusion, the prognosis of EGA patients was significantly better in EA than in GEJA or GA and could be stratified into low and high-risk subgroups with significantly different outcomes.
Topics: Humans; Male; Adenocarcinoma; Esophageal Neoplasms; Middle Aged; Aged; Stomach Neoplasms; Prognosis; Aged, 80 and over; Esophagogastric Junction; Longitudinal Studies; Female; Risk Factors; Kaplan-Meier Estimate
PubMed: 38480051
DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2023.12.418 -
Cancer Cell Mar 2024The histologic transformation of adenocarcinoma (ADC) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), known as adeno-squamous transition or AST, is frequently observed in patients...
The histologic transformation of adenocarcinoma (ADC) to squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), known as adeno-squamous transition or AST, is frequently observed in patients with lung cancer undergoing cancer therapy. In this issue, Tong and colleagues investigate genetic and epigenetic mechanisms that drive AST to confer resistance to KRAS inhibitors in preclinical models and patients.
Topics: Humans; Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); Lung Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell
PubMed: 38471455
DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2024.02.014 -
Emerging and under-recognised patterns of colorectal carcinoma morphologies: a comprehensive review.Journal of Clinical Pathology Jun 2024While the overwhelming majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) are diagnosed as adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, there are numerous under-recognised morphologic... (Review)
Review
While the overwhelming majority of colorectal carcinomas (CRC) are diagnosed as adenocarcinoma not otherwise specified, there are numerous under-recognised morphologic patterns of CRC. These patterns are recognised by the WHO, appear in reporting manuals for the American Joint Committee of Cancer, and/or are listed on synoptic reports, while many other variants have either fallen out of favour or are emerging as future bona fide patterns. Herein, we discuss 13 variants: serrated adenocarcinoma, micropapillary adenocarcinoma, medullary carcinoma, neuroendocrine carcinoma, mucinous adenocarcinoma, signet-ring cell carcinoma, adenosquamous carcinoma, adenoma-like adenocarcinoma, lymphoglandular complex-like CRC, carcinoma with sarcomatoid components, cribriform-comedo-type adenocarcinoma, undifferentiated carcinoma and low-grade tubuloglandular adenocarcinoma. The purpose of this review is to scrutinise these variants by assessing their clinical characteristics, morphologic cues, as well as pitfalls, and address their prognostic significance. Our analysis aims to bring clarity and updated understanding to these variants, offering valuable insights for pathologists. This contributes to more nuanced CRC diagnosis and treatment strategies, highlighting the importance of recognising a broad spectrum of morphologic patterns in CRC.
Topics: Humans; Colorectal Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Prognosis
PubMed: 38448211
DOI: 10.1136/jcp-2023-208816 -
Medicine Feb 2024Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is an extremely rare primary breast tumor. Between 1979 and June 2022, only 50 cases were reported. The pathological... (Review)
Review
INTRODUCTION
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC) of the breast is an extremely rare primary breast tumor. Between 1979 and June 2022, only 50 cases were reported. The pathological morphology and biological behavior of breast MEC remain poorly understood.
PATIENT CONCERNS
A 47-year-old female was presented with a 10-day-old left breast mass detected by physical examination.
DIAGNOSES
Ultrasonography could not distinguish whether the breast tumor was benign or malignant. After a biopsy of a breast tumor excision specimen, combined with immunohistochemical results, the patient was diagnosed with high-grade mucoepidermoid breast carcinoma.
INTERVENTIONS
The patient underwent a modified radical mastectomy for her left breast.
OUTCOMES
The patient was still free from local recurrence or metastases at 1-year follow-up.
CONCLUSION
A high-grade MEC case without MAML2 rearrangement shows good recovery without complications. The diagnosis was confirmed by histomorphology and immunohistochemical markers. It is sometimes necessary to distinguish it from adenosquamous, adenoid cystic, or mucinous carcinoma. The primary treatment is surgical resection, and the prognosis is closely related to the pathological grade.
Topics: Humans; Female; Middle Aged; DNA-Binding Proteins; Trans-Activators; Breast Neoplasms; Carcinoma, Mucoepidermoid; Mastectomy; Transcription Factors
PubMed: 38394503
DOI: 10.1097/MD.0000000000037163 -
Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi Feb 2024To analyze and summarize the oncological outcomes after laparoscopic radical trachelectomy (LRT) for early stage cervical cancer. The clinical data and follow-up...
To analyze and summarize the oncological outcomes after laparoscopic radical trachelectomy (LRT) for early stage cervical cancer. The clinical data and follow-up results of 148 patients with early stage cervical cancer who underwent LRT in Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University from July 2014 to June 2023 were collected, while tumor outcomes and postoperative pregnancy were analyzed retrospectively. (1) General situation: the median age of 148 patients with LRT was 33 years (range: 19-42 years). Pathological type: 111 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 36 cases of adenocarcinoma, 1 case of adenosquamous carcinoma. International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (2018) stage: 17 cases of stage Ⅰa1 with lympho-vascular space invasion, 25 cases of stage Ⅰa2, 102 cases of stage Ⅰb1, and 4 cases of stage Ⅰb2. (2) Tumor outcomes: 148 patients were followed up regularly after LRT, and the median follow-up time was 59 months (range: 2-104 months). During the follow-up period, 5 cases of tumor recurred (including 1 death), and the median recurrence time was 10 months (range: 4-33 months). Among them, there were 3 cases of pelvic metastasis, 1 case of distant metastasis, and 1 case of both pelvic and distant metastasis. Both 3-year and 5-year disease-free survival rates of 148 patients were 94.5%, and the 5-year overall survival rate was 98.9%. (3) Postoperative pregnancy: among 148 patients with LRT, 67 patients had pregnancy requirements, followed up for 1 year, and 20 of them were pregnant, with a pregnancy rate of 29.9% (20/67). Among the 20 pregnant patients, 2 cases early abortion, 1 case mid-term abortion, and 17 cases gave birth (including 4 cases of premature birth and 13 cases of full-term birth). Under the condition of strict control of surgical indications, guaranteed surgical scope and tumor-free operation, LRT in patients with early cervical cancer has a good outcome.
Topics: Pregnancy; Female; Humans; Young Adult; Adult; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms; Trachelectomy; Treatment Outcome; Retrospective Studies; Neoplasm Staging; China; Laparoscopy
PubMed: 38389233
DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112141-20231115-00195 -
Indian Journal of Pathology &... 2024The recent WHO classification of female genital tracts recommends cervical carcinomas to be further subtyped as HPV-associated and HPV-independent and accepted p16... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
A comparative analysis of clinicopathological features of HPV-associated and HPV-independent cervical carcinomas based on P16 INK4a immunohistochemistry: A one-year retrospective study.
UNLABELLED
The recent WHO classification of female genital tracts recommends cervical carcinomas to be further subtyped as HPV-associated and HPV-independent and accepted p16 immunoreactivity as a surrogate biomarker for HPV testing. This paper presents the clinicopathological spectrum of cervical carcinomas in correlation with p16 immunoreactivity.
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
This study aims to evaluate the immunoreactivity of p16 in cervical carcinoma, subtype them into HPV-associated and HPV-independent based on p16 immunoreactivity, and correlate them with clinicopathological features.
DESIGN
A hospital-based retrospective study of one-year duration was done after ethics approval. A total of 124 cases were identified, and various parameters like the presence of mitosis, lymphovascular invasion, tumor budding, tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes, the pattern of stromal invasion, and the pattern of necrosis were recorded and graded. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) with p16 marker was done in 40 cases, and immunoreactivity was correlated with clinical and histopathological parameters.
STATISTICAL ANALYSIS
Multivariate analysis was done with Fisher's exact test, and a P value of <0.05 was considered significant.
RESULTS
P16 was positive in 36 out of 40 cases which included 35 cases of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) (keratinizing-14 out of 35 SCC, 11 positive out of these 14, non-keratinizing-21 out of 35 SCC, 20 positive, out of these 21), two cases of adenocarcinoma (both positive), two cases of adenosquamous carcinoma (both positive), and one case of small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma (positive). p16 negative in four cases (10%) (keratinizing type-3, non-keratinizing-1). P value was significant for HPV-independent carcinoma and keratinizing SCC morphology. The P value was not significant when p16 positivity with other parameters.
CONCLUSION
HPV-associated were 90%, HPV-independent were 10%.
Topics: Female; Humans; Biomarkers, Tumor; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; Immunohistochemistry; Papillomavirus Infections; Retrospective Studies
PubMed: 38358192
DOI: 10.4103/ijpm.ijpm_700_22 -
Journal of Cancer 2024To gain a deeper understanding of the incidence and survival rates of rare esophageal mixed adenoacanthoma (EAM) and esophageal mixed adeno-squamous carcinoma (EASC) to...
To gain a deeper understanding of the incidence and survival rates of rare esophageal mixed adenoacanthoma (EAM) and esophageal mixed adeno-squamous carcinoma (EASC) to promote a more comprehensive understanding of these two subtypes. EAM and EASC are rare subtypes of esophageal cancer with limited literature available. Extensive research has been conducted on the clinical and pathological characteristics of gastric and colorectal mixed adenoacanthomas, but there is relatively little literature on esophageal mixed adenoacanthomas. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the incidence and survival rates of these two subtypes in depth. Patients diagnosed with EAM and EASC between 2000 and 2019 were selected from the SEER database for the study. Joinpoint software was used to calculate the incidence rates of esophageal AM and ASC patients, and differences in cancer overall survival (OS) and cancer-specific survival (CSS) based on Kaplan-Meier curves were compared. Multivariate Cox regression analysis was employed to identify independent prognostic factors for OS and CSS, and a prognostic model was established and validated for accuracy. The study found that the incidence of EAM increased until 2014, followed by a decline, while the incidence of EASC decreased until 2017, followed by an increase. Both of these subtypes were more common in male patients and those over the age of 65. For EAM patients, preoperative chemoradiotherapy was associated with better survival rates, while for EASC patients, preoperative radiotherapy combined with adjuvant chemotherapy improved survival. Finally, we constructed nomograms for predicting the overall survival of EAM and EASC patients by incorporating identified risk factors, which demonstrated good sensitivity and specificity. EAM and EASC are rare subtypes of esophageal cancer, and an in-depth exploration of their incidence and survival rates provides valuable data and insights for understanding these rare esophageal cancer subtypes. This information can assist clinical decision-making for healthcare professionals.
PubMed: 38356718
DOI: 10.7150/jca.92230 -
Cytopathology : Official Journal of the... May 2024
Topics: Humans; Carcinoma, Adenosquamous; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell; Lung; Colon; Lung Neoplasms
PubMed: 38356462
DOI: 10.1111/cyt.13369 -
American Journal of Translational... 2024Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), an uncommon subtype within non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), manifests distinctive traits of aggressiveness, embodying a fusion of both...
OBJECTIVES
Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC), an uncommon subtype within non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), manifests distinctive traits of aggressiveness, embodying a fusion of both adenocarcinoma (AC) and squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) components. The clinicopathological characteristics of distinct subtypes of ASC remain unclear.
METHODS
This retrospective study included 226 patients diagnosed with lung ASC who consecutively underwent surgical resection at Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, between January 2015 and March 2021. Data regarding the clinical features and pathological features were collected.
RESULTS
Out of this study cohort, 125 patients exhibited AC-predominant ASC, while 81 had SCC-predominant ASC. No significant differences were observed between the two subgroups in terms of age, gender, smoking history, primary site, and T, N classification. AC-Predominant ASC displayed a higher susceptibility to genetic alterations compared to SCC-Predominant ASC (P=0.02). Additionally, we showed that irrespective of the predominant pathological subtype in ASC, when lymph node metastasis occurred, the lymph node biopsies were more likely to exhibit AC, and a chi-square test confirmed that the primary predominant pathological subtype was not associated with the lymph node metastasis subtype.
CONCLUSIONS
In conclusion, we describe an overview of ASC in the Chinese population, and upon stratifying into predominant pathological subgroups, we observed a higher frequency of driver gene mutations in AC-predominant ASC. We found that the AC component in ASC has a higher propensity for lymph node metastasis. These findings may suggest the predominant role of the AC component within the context of ASC.
PubMed: 38322563
DOI: 10.62347/UXQC3380