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Journal of Environmental Science and... Oct 1985In-vitro inhibitions of brain AChE in brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), by aminocarb (4-dimethylamino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) and its toxic metabolites,...
In-vitro inhibitions of brain AChE in brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), by aminocarb (4-dimethylamino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) and its toxic metabolites, MAA (4-methylamino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate), AA(4-amino-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate), MFA (4-methylformamido-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) and FA (4-formamido-m-tolyl N-methylcarbamate) were investigated. The molar concentrations of inhibitors causing 50% inhibition (I50s) were AA (3.62 X 10(-6] less than MAA (7.92 X 10(-6] less than aminocarb (1.01 X 10(-5] less than MFA (4.29 X 10(-5] less than FA (7.11 X 10(-5]. After exposure of fish to various concentrations of aminocarb (25, 250 and 2500 ppb) and MAA (25, 250, 500 and 2500 ppb) at 9 degrees C in dechlorinated tap water for 96 h, inhibitions of brain AChE ranged from 13 to 77%. Mortality occurred only in fish exposed to 500 ppb (22%) and 2500 ppb (100%) of MAA. Enzyme activities recovered to the control levels 12 to 96 h after the fish had been transferred to clean water for clearing; in survivors of the 500-ppb MAA exposure, however, AChE activities decreased again thereafter.
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Carbamates; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; In Vitro Techniques; Insecticides; Phenylcarbamates; Salmonidae; Time Factors; Trout
PubMed: 4078231
DOI: 10.1080/03601238509372495 -
Journal of Environmental Science and... Apr 1985Ceratophyllum demersum exposed to a constant 1 microgram/ml aminocarb exhibited a large capacity for the sorption of the pesticide, up to 400 micrograms/g fresh weight...
Ceratophyllum demersum exposed to a constant 1 microgram/ml aminocarb exhibited a large capacity for the sorption of the pesticide, up to 400 micrograms/g fresh weight in the dark and 1000 micrograms/g fresh weight in the light. Smaller, actively growing sprigs sorbed 5 times more pesticide per gm fresh weight than larger, older sprigs, although total uptake per plant was greater in the larger plants. Membrane conformation and integrity appear to be important factors in determining the capacity of this aquatic plant for pesticide sorption.
Topics: Absorption; Carbamates; Eukaryota; Insecticides; Light; Phenylcarbamates
PubMed: 3998412
DOI: 10.1080/03601238509372478 -
Journal of Environmental Science and... Apr 1985Three aminocarb formulations, water-based Matacil 180F, oil-based Matacil 180F and oil-based Matacil 180D, were applied separately to the surface of a stream at 2.40 g...
Three aminocarb formulations, water-based Matacil 180F, oil-based Matacil 180F and oil-based Matacil 180D, were applied separately to the surface of a stream at 2.40 g a.i./min for 5 minutes. The highest aminocarb concentration in the top 1 cm of water was found 5 min after application of oil-based 180F (5000 ppb). The next highest concentration was 1862 ppb found in the top 1 cm layer of water 3 min after application of oil-based 180D, followed by 1306 ppb found 5 min after application of water-based 180F. Residue accumulations were first observed in sediment at 3 min and in fish tissues 0.5 h after application. The levels of accumulation were in the order of water-based 180F greater than oil-based 180F greater than oil-based 180-D. After the application of water-based 180F, the highest concentrations were 20.2 ppb in sediment after 5 min and 127 ppb in fish tissues after 3 h. Residues disappeared rapidly from all three matrices and could not be detected after a period of 3-25 h.
Topics: Animals; Carbamates; Fresh Water; Insecticides; Ontario; Pesticide Residues; Phenols; Phenylcarbamates; Salmonidae; Soil; Trout; Water
PubMed: 3998410
DOI: 10.1080/03601238509372475 -
Journal of Environmental Science and... Apr 1985The influence of formulation properties on spray droplet spectra and soil residues was studied in conifer forests in New Brunswick following aerial application of two... (Comparative Study)
Comparative Study
The influence of formulation properties on spray droplet spectra and soil residues was studied in conifer forests in New Brunswick following aerial application of two oil-based aminocarb formulations of variable viscosities and volatilities. For a given volume rate of application, the formulation of low viscosity and high volatility provided a spectrum of small droplets and a low volume deposit on ground cards. For the same volume rate, the nonvolatile formulation of high viscosity provided a spectrum of larger droplets and consequently a higher volume deposit. Both formulations provided low soil residues, although those obtained with the nonvolatile formulation were much higher and persisted for much longer periods than those obtained with the volatile formulation. However, with both formulations the soil residues decayed to undetectable levels (less than 3 ng/g) within 5 days after spraying, indicating that none of the formulations caused any undue persistence of aminocarb in forest soils.
Topics: Carbamates; Chemical Phenomena; Chemistry; Insecticides; Oils, Volatile; Pesticide Residues; Phenylcarbamates; Soil; Trees
PubMed: 3998409
DOI: 10.1080/03601238509372474 -
Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety Dec 1983Acute toxicity of aminocarb to the aquatic isopod Caecidolea racovitzai racovitzai was found to be proportional to exposure temperature with the potency of the...
Acute toxicity of aminocarb to the aquatic isopod Caecidolea racovitzai racovitzai was found to be proportional to exposure temperature with the potency of the insecticide increasing 1.3 to 5.2 times when the temperature was increased from 12 to 20 degrees C. The 96-hr LC50 values were determined to be 36.1 and 12.0 mg aminocarb/liter for 12 and 20 degrees C, respectively. Uptake and clearance of aminocarb by C. r. racovitzai were also shown to be proportional to temperature indicating that they may be active processes. Control of clearance may be a function of the rate of metabolism of aminocarb in vivo. Both uptake and clearance were shown to occur in two compartments.
Topics: Animals; Carbamates; Crustacea; Insecticides; Metabolic Clearance Rate; Phenylcarbamates; Temperature
PubMed: 6662057
DOI: 10.1016/0147-6513(83)90014-3 -
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination... Sep 1983
Topics: Acetylcholinesterase; Animals; Brain; Butyrylcholinesterase; Carbamates; Cholinesterase Inhibitors; Erythrocytes; Esterases; Insecticides; Liver; Male; Microsomes, Liver; Phenylcarbamates; Rats; Rats, Inbred Strains
PubMed: 6626757
DOI: 10.1007/BF01608707 -
Bulletin of Environmental Contamination... Aug 1983
Topics: Animals; Birds; Brain; Carbamates; Cholinesterases; Phenylcarbamates
PubMed: 6616082
DOI: 10.1007/BF01607882 -
Cancer Research Feb 1983Cooxidation of xenobiotics may occur during prostaglandin biosynthesis. The ability of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase to cooxidize several aromatic amines and...
Cooxidation of xenobiotics may occur during prostaglandin biosynthesis. The ability of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase to cooxidize several aromatic amines and other chemicals to mutagenic products was tested with the standard Salmonella tester strains. The microsomal fraction of ram seminal vesicles, a rich source of prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase, in the presence of the prostaglandin endoperoxide synthetase substrate arachidonic acid metabolized benzidine, 2-aminofluorene, 2-naphthylamine, and 2,5-diaminoanisole to mutagenic products. 1-Napthylamine, 2-aminoanthracene, 2-acetylaminofluorene, and 2,4-diaminoanisole were negative or weakly mutagenic. N-Nitrosodimethylamine, N-nitrosomorpholine, the pesticide Aminocarb, and di(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate were not activated to mutagenic products by the ram seminal vesicle microsomal fraction.
Topics: Amines; Animals; Biotransformation; Male; Microsomes; Microsomes, Liver; Mutagenicity Tests; Mutagens; Mutation; Rats; Salmonella typhimurium; Seminal Vesicles; Sheep
PubMed: 6336656
DOI: No ID Found -
Journal of Environmental Science and... 1983The aqueous solubility of 39 insecticidal and related compounds was determined at 20 +/- 1.5 degrees C, using a previously described shaking and centrifugation method....
The aqueous solubility of 39 insecticidal and related compounds was determined at 20 +/- 1.5 degrees C, using a previously described shaking and centrifugation method. Fenamiphos, fenthion and methidathion produced values substantially less than those reported in the literature whereas, aminocarb, diazinon, dicapthon, pirimiphos-ethyl and pirimiphos-methyl gave solubilities substantially greater than reported literature values.
Topics: Carbamates; Environmental Pollution; Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; Insecticides; Organophosphorus Compounds; Organothiophosphorus Compounds; Solubility; Temperature; Water
PubMed: 6853964
DOI: 10.1080/03601238309372365 -
Carbon-14 assimilation by algal communities of oligotrophic ponds treated with formulated aminocarb.Archives of Environmental Contamination... Nov 1982
Topics: Absorption; Carbamates; Carbon Radioisotopes; Chlorophyta; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; Eukaryota; Insecticides; Phenylcarbamates
PubMed: 7165387
DOI: 10.1007/BF01059154