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Cureus Jun 2024Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on hypotension-induced neuronal damage in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH)...
Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of dexmedetomidine (DEX) on hypotension-induced neuronal damage in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion (CCH) model of rats, an established model of cerebral white matter lesions (WML) in humans, which is prevalent in the elderly and closely related to cognitive decline. Methods The CCH model rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups: normotension + no DEX (NN) group (n = 6), normotension + DEX (ND) group (n = 6), hypotension + no DEX (HN) group (n = 6), or hypotension + DEX (HD) group (n = 6). Under isoflurane anesthesia, mean arterial blood pressure was maintained at or above 80 mmHg (normotension) or below 60 mmHg (hypotension) for a duration of two hours. The DEX groups received 50 μg of DEX intraperitoneally. Two weeks later, the Y-maze test and, after preparing brain slices, immunohistochemical staining were performed using antibodies against neuronal nuclei (NeuN), microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), and Ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1). Results Behavioral observations showed no significant differences among the groups. Significant reductions of both NeuN-positive cells and the MAP2-positive area were found in the hippocampal CA1 in the HN group compared with NN and ND groups, but not in the HD group. GFAP and Iba-1-positive areas were significantly increased in the HN group, but not in the HD group. Conclusion DEX significantly ameliorated hypotension-induced neuronal damage and both astroglial and microglial activation in the CA1 region of CCH rats.
PubMed: 38957242
DOI: 10.7759/cureus.61522 -
International Journal of Nanomedicine 2024The development of therapeutic drugs and methods has been greatly facilitated by the emergence of tumor models. However, due to their inherent complexity, establishing a... (Review)
Review
The development of therapeutic drugs and methods has been greatly facilitated by the emergence of tumor models. However, due to their inherent complexity, establishing a model that can fully replicate the tumor tissue situation remains extremely challenging. With the development of tissue engineering, the advancement of bioprinting technology has facilitated the upgrading of tumor models. This article focuses on the latest advancements in bioprinting, specifically highlighting the construction of 3D tumor models, and underscores the integration of these two technologies. Furthermore, it discusses the challenges and future directions of related techniques, while also emphasizing the effective recreation of the tumor microenvironment through the emergence of 3D tumor models that resemble in vitro organs, thereby accelerating the development of new anticancer therapies.
Topics: Humans; Bioprinting; Tissue Engineering; Tumor Microenvironment; Neoplasms; Printing, Three-Dimensional; Animals; Models, Biological
PubMed: 38957180
DOI: 10.2147/IJN.S460387 -
Trauma Case Reports Aug 2024Unrecognized central venous catheter (CVC) infiltration is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication. For instance, a malpositioned subclavian line can...
Unrecognized central venous catheter (CVC) infiltration is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening complication. For instance, a malpositioned subclavian line can infuse into the mediastinum, pleural cavity, or interstitial space of the neck. We present the case of a 30-year-old male with gunshot wounds to the right chest, resuscitated with an initially functional left subclavian CVC, which later infiltrated into the neck causing compression of the carotid sinus and consequent bradycardic arrest. Return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) was achieved following intravenous epinephrine, cardiac massage, and emergency neck exploration and cervical fasciotomy. Our case highlights the importance of frequent reassessment of lines, especially those placed during fast-paced, high-intensity clinical situations. We recommend being mindful when using rapid transfusion devices as an interstitial catheter may not mount enough back pressure to trigger the system's alarm before significant tissue damage or compartment syndrome occurs.
PubMed: 38957175
DOI: 10.1016/j.tcr.2024.101065 -
Current Opinion in Pediatrics Aug 2024Recent studies have suggested that prolonged or repeated episodes of general anesthesia early in childhood may adversely affect neurodevelopment. This, combined with... (Review)
Review
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Recent studies have suggested that prolonged or repeated episodes of general anesthesia early in childhood may adversely affect neurodevelopment. This, combined with rising healthcare costs and decreasing access, has sparked interest in performing pediatric procedures in the office setting when possible. It is essential to address the physical and psychological discomfort that often accompany this experience, particularly in children.
RECENT FINDINGS
Healthcare providers performing procedures on children can draw from a spectrum of established techniques, new technology, and novel use of medications to decrease peri-procedural pain and anxiety. These techniques include distraction, optimization of local anesthesia, and mild to moderate sedation.
SUMMARY
We recommend using a combination of techniques to minimize pain and anxiety to improve safety, decrease healthcare costs, improve patient experience, and prevent childhood trauma and persistent negative perception of the healthcare system.
Topics: Humans; Child; Anxiety; Pain, Procedural; Pain Management; Dermatology
PubMed: 38957126
DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001371 -
Current Opinion in Pediatrics Jun 2024Recent studies have suggested that prolonged or repeated episodes of general anesthesia early in childhood may adversely affect neurodevelopment. This, combined with...
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Recent studies have suggested that prolonged or repeated episodes of general anesthesia early in childhood may adversely affect neurodevelopment. This, combined with rising healthcare costs and decreasing access, has sparked interest in performing pediatric procedures in the office setting when possible. It is essential to address the physical and psychological discomfort that often accompany this experience, particularly in children.
RECENT FINDINGS
Healthcare providers performing procedures on children can draw from a spectrum of established techniques, new technology, and novel use of medications to decrease peri-procedural pain and anxiety. These techniques include distraction, optimization of local anesthesia, and mild to moderate sedation.
SUMMARY
We recommend using a combination of techniques to minimize pain and anxiety to improve safety, decrease healthcare costs, improve patient experience, and prevent childhood trauma and persistent negative perception of the healthcare system.
PubMed: 38957112
DOI: 10.1097/MOP.0000000000001371 -
European Journal of Heart Failure Jul 2024
PubMed: 38957045
DOI: 10.1002/ejhf.3362 -
European Journal of Anaesthesiology Aug 2024
Topics: Humans; Venous Thromboembolism; Orthopedic Procedures; Perioperative Care; Europe; Anticoagulants; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 38957031
DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000002020 -
European Journal of Anaesthesiology Aug 2024
Topics: Humans; Venous Thromboembolism; Obesity; Perioperative Care; Europe; Anticoagulants; Postoperative Complications; Surgical Procedures, Operative; Risk Factors
PubMed: 38957028
DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000002000 -
European Journal of Anaesthesiology Aug 2024
Topics: Humans; Pregnancy; Female; Venous Thromboembolism; Perioperative Care; Postpartum Period; Europe; Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular; Anticoagulants; Surgical Procedures, Operative
PubMed: 38957027
DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000002028 -
European Journal of Anaesthesiology Aug 2024
Topics: Humans; Venous Thromboembolism; Perioperative Care; Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; Europe; Anticoagulants; Postoperative Complications
PubMed: 38957022
DOI: 10.1097/EJA.0000000000002010